Search Results: "radu"

19 April 2017

Steve Kemp: 3d-Printing is cool

I've heard about 3d-printing a lot in the past, although the hype seems to have mostly died down. My view has always been "That seems cool", coupled with "Everybody says making the models is very hard", and "the process itself is fiddly & time-consuming". I've been sporadically working on a project for a few months now which displays tram-departure times, this is part of my drive to "hardware" things with Arduino/ESP8266 devices . Most visitors to our flat have commented on it, at least once, and over time it has become gradually more and more user-friendly. Initially it was just a toy-project for myself, so everything was hard-coded in the source but over time that changed - which I mentioned here, (specifically the Access-point setup): I've now wired up an input-button to the device too, experimenting with the different ways that a single button can carry out multiple actions: Anyway the software is neat, and I can't think of anything obvious to change. So lets move onto the real topic of this post: 3D Printing. I randomly remembered that I'd heard about an online site holding 3D-models, and on a whim I searched for "4x20 LCD". That lead me to this design, which is exactly what I was looking for. Just like open-source software we're now living in a world where you can get open-source hardware! How cool is that? I had to trust the dimensions of the model, and obviously I was going to mount my new button into the box, rather than the knob shown. But having a model was great. I could download it, for free, and I could view it online at viewstl.com. But with a model obtained the next step was getting it printed. I found a bunch of commercial companies, here in Europe, who would print a model, and ship it to me, but when I uploaded the model they priced it at 90+. Too much. I'd almost lost interest when I stumbled across a site which provides a gateway into a series of individual/companies who will print things for you, on-demand: 3dhubs. Once again I uploaded my model, and this time I was able to select a guy in the same city as me. He printed my model for 1/3-1/4 of the price of the companies I'd found, and sent me fun pictures of the object while it was in the process of being printed. To recap I started like this:
Then I boxed it in cardboard which looked better than nothing, but still not terribly great:
Now I've found an online case-design for free, got it printed cheaply by a volunteer (feels like the wrong word, after-all I did pay him), and I have something which look significantly more professional:
Inside it looks as neat as you would expect:
Of course the case still cost 5 times as much as the actual hardware involved (button: 0.05, processor-board 2.00 and LCD I2C display 3.00). But I've gone from being somebody who had zero experience with hardware-based projects 4 months ago, to somebody who has built a project which is functional and "pretty". The internet really is a glorious thing. Using it for learning, and coding is good, using it for building actual physical parts too? That's something I never could have predicted a few years ago and I can see myself doing it more in the future. Sure the case is a little rough around the edges, but I suspect it is now only a matter of time until I learn how to design my own models. An obvious extension is to add a status-LED above the switch, for example. How hard can it be to add a new hole to a model? (Hell I could just drill it!)

16 April 2017

Antoine Beaupr : Montreal Bug Squashing Party report

Un sommaire de cet article est galement traduit vers le fran ais, merci!
Last friday, a group of Debian users, developers and enthusiasts met at Koumbit.org offices for a bug squashing party. We were about a dozen people of various levels: developers, hackers and users. I gave a quick overview of Debian packaging using my quick development guide, which proved to be pretty useful. I made a deb.li link (https://deb.li/quickdev) for people to be able to easily find the guide on their computers. Then I started going through a list of different programs used to do Debian packaging, to try and see the level of the people attending: So mostly skilled Debian users (they know apt-get source) but not used to packaging (they don't know about dpkg-buildpackage). So I went through the list again and explained how they all fit together and could be used to work on Debian packages in the context of a Debian release bug squashing party. This was the fastest crash course in Debian packaging I have ever given (and probably the first too) - going through those tools in about 30 minutes. I was happy to have the guide that people could refer to later in the back. The first question after the presentation was "how do we find bugs"? which led me to add links to the UDD bugs page and release-critical bugs page. I also explained the key links on top of the UDD page to find specific sets of bugs, and explained the useful "patch" filter that allows to select bugs with our without patch. I guess that maybe half of the people were able to learn new, or improve their skills to make significant contributions or test actual patches. Other learned how to hunt and triage bugs in the BTS. Update: sorry for the wording: all contributions were really useful, thanks and apologies to bug hunters!! I myself learned how to use sbuild thanks to the excellent sbuild wiki page which I improved upon. A friend was able to pick up sbuild very quickly and use it to build a package for stretch, which I find encouraging: my first experience with pbuilder was definitely not as good. I have therefore starting the process of switching my build chroots to sbuild, which didn't go so well on Jessie because I use a backported kernel, and had to use the backported sbuild as well. That required a lot of poking around, so I ended up just using pbuilder for now, but I will definitely switch on my home machine, and I updated the sbuild wiki page to give out more explanations on how to setup pbuilder. We worked on a bunch of bugs, and learned how to tag them as part of the BSP, which was documented in the BSP wiki page. It seems we have worked on about 11 different bugs which is a better average than the last BSP that I organized, so I'm pretty happy with that. More importantly, we got Debian people together to meet and talk, over delicious pizza, thanks to a sponsorship granted by the DPL. Some people got involved in the next DebConf which is also great. On top of fixing bugs and getting people involved in Debian, my third goal was to have fun, and fun we certainly had. I didn't work on as many bugs as I expected myself, achieving only one upload in the end, but since I was answering so many questions left and right, I felt useful and that is certainly gratifying. Organization was simple enough: just get a place, send invites and get food, and the rest is just sharing knowledge and answering questions. Thanks everyone for coming, and let's do this again soon!

12 April 2017

Daniel Pocock: What is the risk of using proprietary software for people who prefer not to?

Jonas berg has recently blogged about Using Proprietary Software for Freedom. He argues that it can be acceptable to use proprietary software to further free and open source software ambitions if that is indeed the purpose. Jonas' blog suggests that each time proprietary software is used, the relative risk and reward should be considered and there may be situations where the reward is big enough and the risk low enough that proprietary software can be used. A question of leadership Many of the free software users and developers I've spoken to express frustration about how difficult it is to communicate to their family and friends about the risks of proprietary software. A typical example is explaining to family members why you would never install Skype. Imagine a doctor who gives a talk to school children about the dangers of smoking and is then spotted having a fag at the bus stop. After a month, if you ask the children what they remember about that doctor, is it more likely to be what he said or what he did? When contemplating Jonas' words, it is important to consider this leadership factor as a significant risk every time proprietary software or services are used. Getting busted with just one piece of proprietary software undermines your own credibility and posture now and well into the future. Research has shown that when communicating with people, what they see and how you communicate is ninety three percent of the impression you make. What you actually say to them is only seven percent. When giving a talk at a conference or a demo to a client, or communicating with family members in our everyday lives, using a proprietary application or a product or service that is obviously proprietary like an iPhone or Facebook will have far more impact than the words you say. It is not only a question of what you are seen doing in public: somebody who lives happily and comfortably without using proprietary software sounds a lot more credible than somebody who tries to explain freedom without living it. The many faces of proprietary software One of the first things to consider is that even for those developers who have a completely free operating system, there may well be some proprietary code lurking in their BIOS or other parts of their hardware. Their mobile phone, their car, their oven and even their alarm clock are all likely to contain some proprietary code too. The risks associated with these technologies may well be quite minimal, at least until that alarm clock becomes part of the Internet of Things and can be hacked by the bored teenager next door. Accessing most web sites these days inevitably involves some interaction with proprietary software, even if it is not running on your own computer. There is no need to give up Some people may consider this state of affairs and simply give up, using whatever appears to be the easiest solution for each problem at hand without thinking too much about whether it is proprietary or not. I don't think Jonas' blog intended to sanction this level of complacency. Every time you come across a piece of software, it is worth considering whether a free alternative exists and whether the software is really needed at all. An orderly migration to free software In our professional context, most software developers come across proprietary software every day in the networks operated by our employers and their clients. Sometimes we have the opportunity to influence the future of these systems. There are many cases where telling the client to go cold-turkey on their proprietary software would simply lead to the client choosing to get advice from somebody else. The free software engineer who looks at the situation strategically may find that it is possible to continue using the proprietary software as part of a staged migration, gradually helping the user to reduce their exposure over a period of months or even a few years. This may be one of the scenarios where Jonas is sanctioning the use of proprietary software. On a technical level, it may be possible to show the client that we are concerned about the dangers but that we also want to ensure the continuity of their business. We may propose a solution that involves sandboxing the proprietary software in a virtual machine or a DMZ to prevent it from compromising other systems or "calling home" to the vendor. As well as technical concerns about a sudden migration, promoters of free software frequently encounter political issues as well. For example, the IT manager in a company may be five years from retirement and is not concerned about his employer's long term ability to extricate itself from a web of Microsoft licenses after he or she has the freedom to go fishing every day. The free software professional may need to invest significant time winning the trust of senior management before he is able to work around a belligerant IT manager like this. No deal is better than a bad deal People in the UK have probably encountered the expression "No deal is better than a bad deal" many times already in the last few weeks. Please excuse me for borrowing it. If there is no free software alternative to a particular piece of proprietary software, maybe it is better to simply do without it. Facebook is a great example of this principle: life without social media is great and rather than trying to find or create a free alternative, why not just do something in the real world, like riding motorcycles, reading books or getting a cat or dog? Burning bridges behind you For those who are keen to be the visionaries and leaders in a world where free software is the dominant paradigm, would you really feel satisfied if you got there on the back of proprietary solutions? Or are you concerned that taking such shortcuts is only going to put that vision further out of reach? Each time you solve a problem with free software, whether it is small or large, in your personal life or in your business, the process you went through strengthens you to solve bigger problems the same way. Each time you solve a problem using a proprietary solution, not only do you miss out on that process of discovery but you also risk conditioning yourself to be dependent in future. For those who hope to build a successful startup company or be part of one, how would you feel if you reach your goal and then the rug is pulled out underneath you when a proprietary software vendor or cloud service you depend on changes the rules? Personally, in my own life, I prefer to avoid and weed out proprietary solutions wherever I can and force myself to either make free solutions work or do without them. Using proprietary software and services is living your life like a rat in a maze, where the oligarchs in Silicon Valley can move the walls around as they see fit.

3 April 2017

Sean Whitton: A different reason there are so few tenure-track jobs in philosophy

Recently I heard a different reason suggested as to why there are fewer and fewer tenure-track jobs in philosophy. University administrators are taking control of the tenure review process; previously departments made decisions and the administrators rubber-stamped them. The result of this is that it is easier to get tenure. This is because university administrators grant tenure based on quantitively-measurable achievements, rather than a qualitative assessment of the candidate qua philosopher. If a department thought that someone shouldn t get tenure, the administration might turn around and say that they are going to grant it because the candidate has fulfilled such-and-such requirements. Since it is easier to get tenure, hiring someone at the assistant professor level is much riskier for a philosophy department: they have to assume the candidate will get tenure. So the pre-tenure phase is no longer a probationary period. That is being pushed onto post-docs and graduate students. This results in the intellectual maturity of published work going down. There are various assumptions in the above that could be questioned, but what s interesting is that it takes a lot of the blame for the current situation off the shoulders of faculty members (there have been accusations that they are not doing enough). If tenure-track hires are a bigger risk for the quality of the academic philosophers who end up with permanent jobs, it is good that they are averse to that risk.

21 February 2017

Shirish Agarwal: The Indian elections hungama

a person showing s(he) showing s(he) Before I start, I would like to point out #855549 . This is a normal/wishlist bug I have filed against apt, the command-line package manager. I sincerely believe having a history command to know what packages were installed, which were upgraded, which were purged should be easily accessible, easily understood and if the output looks pretty, so much the better. Of particular interest to me is having a list of new packages I have installed in last couple of years after jessie became the stable release. It probably would make for some interesting reading. I dunno how much efforts would be to code something like that, but if it works, it would be the greatest. Apt would have finally arrived. Not that it s a bad tool, it s just that it would then make for a heck of a useful tool. Coming back to the topic on hand, Now for the last couple of weeks we don t have water or rather pressure of water. Water crisis has been hitting Pune every year since 2014 with no end in sight. This has been reported in newspapers addendum but it seems it has been felling on deaf ears. The end result of it is that I have to bring buckets of water from around 50 odd metres. It s not a big thing, it s not like some women in some villages in Rajasthan who have to walk in between 200 metres to 5 odd kilometres to get potable water or Darfur, Western Sudan where women are often kidnapped and sold as sexual slaves when they get to fetch water. The situation in Darfur has been shown quite vividly in Darfur is Dying . It is possible that I may have mentioned about Darfur before. While unfortunately the game is in flash as a web resource, the most disturbing part is that the game is extremely depressing, there is a no-win scenario. So knowing and seeing both those scenarios, I can t complain about 50 metres. BUT .but when you extrapolate the same data over some more or less 3.3-3.4 million citizens, 3.1 million during 2011 census with a conservative 2.3-2.4 percent population growth rate according to scroll.in. Fortunately or unfortunately, Pune Municipal Corporation elections were held today. Fortunately or unfortunately, this time all the political parties bought majorly unknown faces in these elections. For e.g. I belong to ward 14 which is spread over quite a bit of area and has around 10k of registered voters. Now the unfortunate part of having new faces in elections, you don t know anything about them. Apart from the affidavits filed, the only thing I come to know is whether there are criminal cases filed against them and what they have shown as their wealth. While I am and should be thankful to ADR which actually is the force behind having the collated data made public. There is a lot of untold story about political push-back by all the major national and regional political parties even when this bit of news were to be made public. It took major part of a decade for such information to come into public domain. But for my purpose of getting clean air and water supply 24 7 to each household seems a very distant dream. I tried to connect with the corporators about a week before the contest and almost all of the lower party functionaries hid behind their political parties manifestos stating they would do the best without any viable plan. For those not knowing, India has been blessed with 6 odd national parties and about 36 odd regional parties and every election some 20-25 new parties try their luck every time. The problem is we, the public, don t trust them or their manifestos. First of all the political parties themselves engage in mud-slinging as to who s copying whom with the manifesto.Even if a political party wins the elections, there is no *real* pressure for them to follow their own manifesto. This has been going for many a year. OF course, we the citizens are to also blame as most citizens for one reason or other chose to remain aloof of the process. I scanned/leafed through all the manifestos and all of them have the vague-wording we will make Pune tanker-free without any implementation details. While I was unable to meet the soon-to-be-Corporators, I did manage to meet a few of the assistants but all the meetings were entirely fruitless. Diagram of Rain Water Harvesting I asked why can t the city follow the Chennai model. Chennai, not so long ago was at the same place where Pune is, especially in relation to water. What happened next, in 2001 has been beautifully chronicled in Hindustan Times . What has not been shared in that story is that the idea was actually fielded by one of Chennai Mayor s assistants, an IAS Officer, I have forgotten her name, Thankfully, her advise/idea was taken to heart by the political establishment and they drove RWH. Saying why we can t do something similar in Pune, I heard all kinds of excuses. The worst and most used being Marathas can never unite which I think is pure bullshit. For people unfamiliar to the term, Marathas was a warrior clan in Shivaji s army. Shivaji, the king of Marathas were/are an expert tactician and master of guerilla warfare. It is due to the valor of Marathas, that we still have the Maratha Light Infantry a proud member of the Indian army. Why I said bullshit was the composition of people living in Maharashtra has changed over the decades. While at one time both the Brahmins and the Marathas had considerable political and population numbers, that has changed drastically. Maharashtra and more pointedly, Mumbai, Pune and Nagpur have become immigrant centres. Why just a decade back, Shiv Sena, an ultra right-wing political party used to play the Maratha card at each and every election and heckle people coming from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, this has been documented as the 2008 immigrants attacks and 9 years later we see Shiv Sena trying to field its candidates in Uttar Pradesh. So, obviously they cannot use the same tactics which they could at one point of time. One more reason I call it bullshit, is it s a very lame excuse. When the Prime Minister of the country calls for demonetization which affects 1.25 billion people, people die, people stand in queues and is largely peaceful, I do not see people resisting if they bring a good scheme. I almost forgot, as an added sweetener, the Chennai municipality said that if you do RWH and show photos and certificates of the job, you won t have to pay as much property tax as otherwise you would, that also boosted people s participation. And that is not the only solution, one more solution has been outlined in Aaj Bhi Khade hain talaab written by just-deceased Gandhian environmental activist Anupam Mishra. His Book can be downloaded for free at India Water Portal . Unfortunately, the said book doesn t have a good English translation till date. Interestingly, all of his content is licensed under public domain (CC-0) so people can continue to enjoy and learn from his life-work. Another lesson or understanding could be taken from Israel, the father of the modern micro-drip irrigation for crops. One of the things on my bucket lists is to visit Israel and if possible learn how they went from a water-deficient country to a water-surplus one. India labor Which brings me to my second conundrum, most of the people believe that it s the Government s job to provide jobs to its people. India has been experiencing jobless growth for around a decade now, since the 2008 meltdown. While India was lucky to escape that, most of its trading partners weren t hence it slowed down International trade which slowed down creation of new enterprises etc. Laws such as the Bankruptcy law and the upcoming Goods and Services Tax . As everybody else, am a bit excited and a bit apprehensive about how the actual implementation will take place. null Even International businesses has been found wanting. The latest example has been Uber and Ola. There have been protests against the two cab/taxi aggregators operating in India. For the millions of jobless students coming out of schools and Universities, there aren t simply enough jobs for them, nor are most (okay 50%) of them qualified for the jobs, these 50 percent are also untrainable, so what to do ? In reality, this is what keeps me awake at night. India is sitting on this ticking bomb-shell. It is really, a miracle that the youths have not rebelled yet. While all the conditions, proposals and counter-proposals have been shared before, I wanted/needed to highlight it. While the issue seems to be local, I would assert that they are all glocal in nature. The questions we are facing, I m sure both developing and to some extent even developed countries have probably been affected by it. I look forward to know what I can learn from them. Update 23/02/17 I had wanted to share about Debian s Voting system a bit, but that got derailed. Hence in order not to do, I ll just point towards 2015 platforms where 3 people vied for DPL post. I *think* I shared about DPL voting process earlier but if not, would do in detail in some future blog post.
Filed under: Miscellenous Tagged: #Anupam Mishra, #Bankruptcy law, #Chennai model, #clean air, #clean water, #elections, #GST, #immigrant, #immigrants, #Maratha, #Maratha Light Infantry, #migration, #national parties, #Political party manifesto, #regional parties, #ride-sharing, #water availability, Rain Water Harvesting

7 January 2017

Simon Richter: Crossgrading Debian in 2017

So, once again I had a box that had been installed with the kind-of-wrong Debian architecture, in this case, powerpc (32 bit, bigendian), while I wanted ppc64 (64 bit, bigendian). So, crossgrade time. If you want to follow this, be aware that I use sysvinit. I doubt this can be done this way with systemd installed, because systemd has a lot more dependencies for PID 1, and there is also a dbus daemon involved that cannot be upgraded without a reboot. To make this a bit more complicated, ppc64 is an unofficial port, so it is even less synchronized across architectures than sid normally is (I would have used jessie, but there is no jessie for ppc64). Step 1: Be Prepared To work around the archive synchronisation issues, I installed pbuilder and created 32 and 64 bit base.tgz archives:
pbuilder --create --basetgz /var/cache/pbuilder/powerpc.tgz
pbuilder --create --basetgz /var/cache/pbuilder/ppc64.tgz \
    --architecture ppc64 \
    --mirror http://ftp.ports.debian.org/debian-ports \
    --debootstrapopts --keyring=/usr/share/keyrings/debian-ports-archive-keyring.gpg \
    --debootstrapopts --include=debian-ports-archive-keyring
Step 2: Gradually Heat the Water so the Frog Doesn't Notice Then, I added the sources to sources.list, and added the architecture to dpkg:
deb [arch=powerpc] http://ftp.debian.org/debian sid main
deb [arch=ppc64] http://ftp.ports.debian.org/debian-ports sid main
deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian sid main
dpkg --add-architecture ppc64
apt update
Step 3: Time to Go Wild
apt install dpkg:ppc64
Obviously, that didn't work, in my case because libattr1 and libacl1 weren't in sync, so there was no valid way to install powerpc and ppc64 versions in parallel, so I used pbuilder to compile the current version from sid for the architecture that wasn't up to date (IIRC, one for powerpc, and one for ppc64). Manually installed the libraries, then tried again:
apt install dpkg:ppc64
Woo, it actually wants to do that. Now, that only half works, because apt calls dpkg twice, once to remove the old version, and once to install the new one. Your options at this point are
apt-get download dpkg:ppc64
dpkg -i dpkg_*_ppc64.deb
or if you didn't think far enough ahead, cursing followed by
cd /tmp
ar x /var/cache/apt/archives/dpkg_*_ppc64.deb
cd /
tar -xJf /tmp/data.tar.xz
dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/dpkg_*_ppc64.deb
Step 4: Automate That Now, I'd like to get this a bit more convenient, so I had to repeat the same dance with apt and aptitude and their dependencies. Thanks to pbuilder, this wasn't too bad. With the aptitude resolver, it was then simple to upgrade a test package
aptitude install coreutils:ppc64 coreutils:powerpc-
The resolver did its thing, and asked whether I really wanted to remove an Essential package. I did, and it replaced the package just fine. So I asked dpkg for a list of all powerpc packages installed (since it's a ppc64 dpkg, it will report powerpc as foreign), massage that into shape with grep and sed, and give the result to aptitude as a command line. Some time later, aptitude finished, and I had a shiny 64 bit system. Crossgrade through an ssh session that remained open all the time, and without a reboot. After closing the ssh session, the last 32 bit binary was deleted as it was no longer in use. There were a few minor hiccups during the process where dpkg refused to overwrite "shared" files with different versions, but these could be solved easily by manually installing the offending package with
dpkg --force-overwrite -i ...
and then resuming what aptitude was doing, using
aptitude install
So, in summary, this still works fairly well.

6 January 2017

Jonathan McDowell: 2016 in 50 Words

Idea via Roger. Roughly chronological order. Some things were obvious inclusions but it was interesting to go back and look at the year to get to the full 50 words. Speaking at BelFOSS. Earthlings birthday. ATtiny hacking. Speaking at ISCTSJ. Dublin Anomaly. Co-habiting. DebConf. Peak Lion. Laura s wedding. Christmas + picnic. Engagement. Car accident. Car write off. Tennent s Vital. Dissertation. OMGWTFBBQ. BSides. New job. Rachel s wedding. Digital Privacy talk. Graduation. All The Christmas Dinners. IMDB Top 250. Shay leaving drinks. (This also serves as a test to see if I ve correctly updated Planet Debian to use https and my new Hackergotchi that at least looks a bit more like I currently do.)

2 January 2017

Shirish Agarwal: India Tourism, E-Visa and Hong Kong

A Safe and Happy New Year to all. While Debconf India is still a pipe-dream as of now, did see that India has been gradually doing it easier for tourists and casual business visitors to come visit India. This I take as very positive development for India itself. The 1st condition is itself good for anybody visiting India
Eligibility International Travellers whose sole objective of visiting India is recreation , sight-seeing , casual visit to meet friends or relatives, short duration medical treatment or casual business visit.
https://indianvisaonline.gov.in/visa/tvoa.html That this facility is being given to 130 odd countries is better still
Albania, Andorra, Anguilla, Antigua & Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, Cayman Island, Chile, China, China- SAR Hong-Kong, China- SAR Macau, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d lvoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Montserrat, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niue Island, Norway, Oman, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Republic of Macedonia, Romania, Russia, Saint Christopher and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent & the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad & Tobago, Turks & Caicos Island, Tuvalu, UAE, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, USA, Vanuatu, Vatican City-Holy See, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
This should make it somewhat easier for any Indian organizer as well as any participants from any of the member countries shared. There is possibility that this list would even get longer, provided we are able to scale our airports and all and any necessary infrastructure that would be needed for International Visitors to have a good experience. What has been particularly interesting is to know which ports of call are being used by International Visitors as well as overall growth rate
The Percentage share of Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs) in India during November, 2016 among the top 15 source countries was highest from USA (15.53%) followed by UK (11.21%), Bangladesh (10.72%), Canada (4.66%), Russian Fed (4.53%), Australia (4.04%), Malaysia (3.65%), Germany (3.53%), China (3.14%), France (2.88%), Sri Lanka (2.49%), Japan (2.49%), Singapore (2.16%), Nepal (1.46%) and Thailand (1.37%).
And port of call
The Percentage share of Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs) in India during November 2016 among the top 15 ports was highest at Delhi Airport (32.71%) followed by Mumbai Airport (18.51%), Chennai Airport (6.83%), Bengaluru Airport (5.89%), Haridaspur Land check post (5.87%), Goa Airport (5.63%), Kolkata Airport (3.90%), Cochin Airport (3.29%), Hyderabad Airport (3.14%), Ahmadabad Airport (2.76%), Trivandrum Airport (1.54%), Trichy Airport (1.53%), Gede Rail (1.16%), Amritsar Airport (1.15%), and Ghojadanga land check post (0.82%) .
The Ghojadanga land check post seems to be between West Bengal, India and Bangladesh. Gede Railway Station is also in West Bengal as well. So all and any overlanders could take any of those ways.Even Hardispur Land Check post comes in the Bengal-Bangladesh border only. In the airports, Delhi Airport seems to be attracting lot more business than the Mumbai Airport. Part of the reason I *think* is the direct link of Delhi Airport to NDLS via the Delhi Airport Express Line . The same when it will happen in Mumbai should be a game-changer for city too. Now if you are wondering why I have been suddenly talking about visas and airports in India, it came because Hong Kong is going to Withdraw Visa Free Entry Facility For Indians. Although, as rightly pointed out in the article doesn t make sense from economic POV and seems to be somewhat politically motivated. Not that I or anybody else can do anything about that. Seeing that, I thought it was a good opportunity to see how good/Bad our Government is and it seems to be on the right path. Although the hawks (Intelligence and Counter-Terrorist Agencies) will probably become a bit more paranoid , their work becomes tougher.
Filed under: Miscellenous Tagged: #Airport Metro Line 3, #CSIA, #Incredible India, #India, #International Tourism

31 December 2016

Sean Whitton: Burkeman on time management

Burkeman: Why time management is ruining our lives Over the past semester I ve been trying to convince one graduate student and one professor in my department to use Inbox Zero to get a better handle on their e-mail inboxes. The goal is not to be more productive. The two of them get far more academic work done than I do. However, both of them are far more stressed than I am. And in the case of the graduate student, I have to add items to my own to-do list to chase up e-mails that I ve sent him, which only spreads this stress and tension around. The graduate student sent me this essay by Oliver Burkeman about how these techniques can backfire, creating more stress, tension and anxiety. It seems to me that this happens when we think of these techniques as having anything to do with productivity. Often people will say use this technique and you ll be less stressed, more productive, and even more productive because you re less stressed. Why not just say use this technique and you ll be less anxious and stressed ? This is a refusal to treat lower anxiety as merely a means to some further end. People can autonomously set their own ends, and they ll probably do a better job of this when they re less anxious. Someone offering a technique to help with their sense of being overwhelmed need not tell them what to do with their new calm. It might be argued that this response to Burkeman fails to address the huge sense of obligation that an e-mail inbox can generate. Perhaps the only sane response to this infinite to-do list is to let it pile up. If we follow a technique like Inbox Zero, don t we invest our inbox with more importance than it has? Like a lot of areas of life, the issue is that the e-mails that will advance truly valuable projects and relationships, projects of both ourselves and of others, are mixed in with reams of stuff that doesn t matter. We face this situation whenever we go into a supermarket, or wonder what to do during an upcoming vacation. In all these situations, we have a responsibility to learn how to filter the important stuff out, just as we have a responsibility to avoid reading celebrity gossip columns when we are scanning through a newspaper. Inbox Zero is a technique to do that filtering in the case of e-mail. Just letting our inbox pile up is an abdication of responsibility, rather than an intelligent response to a piece of technology that most of the world abuses.

25 December 2016

Russ Allbery: Review: A Man Called Ove

Review: A Man Called Ove, by Fredrik Backman
Translator: Henning Koch
Publisher: Washington Square
Copyright: 2012, 2014
Printing: May 2015
ISBN: 1-4767-3802-5
Format: Trade paperback
Pages: 337
Ove is 59 years old and drives a Saab. He's grumpy, often taciturn, very particular in how things should be done, and extremely judgmental about how other people do them. He is the sort of person who regularly rants about how poorly things are done these days and how much better they used to be. Ove does not like change. A Man Called Ove opens with him terrorizing the employees of an Apple Store, trying to buy a computer, but this incident is actually foreshadowing, and will only make sense at the very end of the book. The story actually begins in the second chapter, with Ove making his morning rounds of the neighborhood in which he lives, discovering an out-of-place bicycle and a mangy cat, and then starting to put a hook in his ceiling. But just as he's getting started, he's interrupted by new neighbors, who are incapable of backing up a trailer properly without scraping it against his house. Not that motor vehicles are allowed in the area anyway. That inauspicious beginning changes Ove's life, mostly through the sheer persistence of other people's disasters. It's not obvious at first that it will, and at the start A Man Called Ove could be a funny collection of stories about a curmudgeon. But as Backman shows more of Ove's life and tells more of his background and situation, it becomes something so much more, something satisfying and heart-breaking and deeply human. I've been struggling to review this book because I find it hard to capture what makes it so wonderful. Making that even harder, several key plot elements are introduced gradually in the story in ways that add a lot to the rhythm of the plot, and I don't want to spoil them. I think the closest I can get in a spoiler-free review is that A Man Called Ove is about empathy. It's about human connection, even when people seem unlikable, unreachable, or angrily off-putting. And it's a book about seeing the best inside other people, and about finding ways to be persistently oneself while still changing enough to find new connections, and about recognizing those moments when someone is showing you their best without getting caught up on the surface presentation. The man Ove is the center of this story, the subject of tight third person perspective for nearly all of the book. He's 59 when the story opens, but by the end of the book, mostly through flashback chapters, the reader knows his childhood and early adulthood and much of the story of his marriage. At first, he seems to be an obnoxious, surly, angry curmudgeon, the sort of old man who yells at clouds. But the joy of this book is how the reader's perception changes, how one gains sympathy, and then respect, first for Ove's unshakable inner sense of morality that he got from his father and then for his rule-based approach to how the world should work. One never entirely agrees with him, but Backman demystifies and explains Ove's thought process and ties it into a different generation and a different way of interacting with work (although Ove was still uncommon even in his youth, just not as unique). As I write this review, news and opinion in the United States are very focused on the plight of the white working class and how that does or does not explain recent election results. Backman is Swedish (I read this book in translation), so it's not coming from US culture and the cultural fault lines are not quite the same. But I think this book says something deeply valuable and fascinating about the working-class culture of Ove's youth, something that's much less about specific politics and much more about how it feels to make things with one's hands, to build or rebuild one's own house, or to work for thirty years at the same job and not be interested in a promotion to management. Backman does a truly spectacular job conveying the sense of angry frustration at the changes in work and life, the difficulty communicating one's internal feelings meaningfully, and the quiet joy of finding those places in life where one can do things properly. Ove is, of course, not the only character in this book, and every character here is a delight in their own idiosyncratic ways. The main story arc involves the various people in his neighborhood, particularly his new next-door neighbors: a pregnant Iranian woman and her very laid-back husband who is incapable of doing things around the house but keeps trying. I think Parvaneh, the woman, is my favorite character of the story except for Ove, and it's fitting that she's the first to work out the broad outlines of what's happening in Ove's life and the tricky path to effectively helping him. In a way, she's Ove's opposite: fiery, mercurial, talkative, and meddling. But she sees things in Ove that no one else seems to notice. (And the scene between her and Ove when she's learning to drive is a thing of beauty.) This is a book that could have been extremely sad, and yet isn't. It's a book about somber, depressing topics that somehow manages to be delightfully funny. And it's about a curmudgeon who persistently fails to have any sort of stereotyped heart of gold, but is nonetheless one of the most satisfying, fascinating, ethical, and good-willed characters I've ever read about. It manages to treat a collection of very different characters with individualized deep empathy and appreciation, while never pushing them all into the same mold. And the ending is wonderful. I rarely read slice of life stories, but this one is worth making an exception for. It's one of the best books I've ever read. Highly, highly recommended. Rating: 10 out of 10

Russ Allbery: Review: A Man Called Ove

Review: A Man Called Ove, by Fredrik Backman
Translator: Henning Koch
Publisher: Washington Square
Copyright: 2012, 2014
Printing: May 2015
ISBN: 1-4767-3802-5
Format: Trade paperback
Pages: 337
Ove is 59 years old and drives a Saab. He's grumpy, often taciturn, very particular in how things should be done, and extremely judgmental about how other people do them. He is the sort of person who regularly rants about how poorly things are done these days and how much better they used to be. Ove does not like change. A Man Called Ove opens with him terrorizing the employees of an Apple Store, trying to buy a computer, but this incident is actually foreshadowing, and will only make sense at the very end of the book. The story actually begins in the second chapter, with Ove making his morning rounds of the neighborhood in which he lives, discovering an out-of-place bicycle and a mangy cat, and then starting to put a hook in his ceiling. But just as he's getting started, he's interrupted by new neighbors, who are incapable of backing up a trailer properly without scraping it against his house. Not that motor vehicles are allowed in the area anyway. That inauspicious beginning changes Ove's life, mostly through the sheer persistence of other people's disasters. It's not obvious at first that it will, and at the start A Man Called Ove could be a funny collection of stories about a curmudgeon. But as Backman shows more of Ove's life and tells more of his background and situation, it becomes something so much more, something satisfying and heart-breaking and deeply human. I've been struggling to review this book because I find it hard to capture what makes it so wonderful. Making that even harder, several key plot elements are introduced gradually in the story in ways that add a lot to the rhythm of the plot, and I don't want to spoil them. I think the closest I can get in a spoiler-free review is that A Man Called Ove is about empathy. It's about human connection, even when people seem unlikable, unreachable, or angrily off-putting. And it's a book about seeing the best inside other people, and about finding ways to be persistently oneself while still changing enough to find new connections, and about recognizing those moments when someone is showing you their best without getting caught up on the surface presentation. The man Ove is the center of this story, the subject of tight third person perspective for nearly all of the book. He's 59 when the story opens, but by the end of the book, mostly through flashback chapters, the reader knows his childhood and early adulthood and much of the story of his marriage. At first, he seems to be an obnoxious, surly, angry curmudgeon, the sort of old man who yells at clouds. But the joy of this book is how the reader's perception changes, how one gains sympathy, and then respect, first for Ove's unshakable inner sense of morality that he got from his father and then for his rule-based approach to how the world should work. One never entirely agrees with him, but Backman demystifies and explains Ove's thought process and ties it into a different generation and a different way of interacting with work (although Ove was still uncommon even in his youth, just not as unique). As I write this review, news and opinion in the United States are very focused on the plight of the white working class and how that does or does not explain recent election results. Backman is Swedish (I read this book in translation), so it's not coming from US culture and the cultural fault lines are not quite the same. But I think this book says something deeply valuable and fascinating about the working-class culture of Ove's youth, something that's much less about specific politics and much more about how it feels to make things with one's hands, to build or rebuild one's own house, or to work for thirty years at the same job and not be interested in a promotion to management. Backman does a truly spectacular job conveying the sense of angry frustration at the changes in work and life, the difficulty communicating one's internal feelings meaningfully, and the quiet joy of finding those places in life where one can do things properly. Ove is, of course, not the only character in this book, and every character here is a delight in their own idiosyncratic ways. The main story arc involves the various people in his neighborhood, particularly his new next-door neighbors: a pregnant Iranian woman and her very laid-back husband who is incapable of doing things around the house but keeps trying. I think Parvaneh, the woman, is my favorite character of the story except for Ove, and it's fitting that she's the first to work out the broad outlines of what's happening in Ove's life and the tricky path to effectively helping him. In a way, she's Ove's opposite: fiery, mercurial, talkative, and meddling. But she sees things in Ove that no one else seems to notice. (And the scene between her and Ove when she's learning to drive is a thing of beauty.) This is a book that could have been extremely sad, and yet isn't. It's a book about somber, depressing topics that somehow manages to be delightfully funny. And it's about a curmudgeon who persistently fails to have any sort of stereotyped heart of gold, but is nonetheless one of the most satisfying, fascinating, ethical, and good-willed characters I've ever read about. It manages to treat a collection of very different characters with individualized deep empathy and appreciation, while never pushing them all into the same mold. And the ending is wonderful. I rarely read slice of life stories, but this one is worth making an exception for. It's one of the best books I've ever read. Highly, highly recommended. Rating: 10 out of 10

12 December 2016

Jonathan McDowell: No longer a student. Again.

99 Problems (image courtesy of XKCD) Last week I graduated with a Masters in Legal Science (now taught as an MLaw) from Queen s University Belfast. I m pleased to have achieved a Distinction, as well an award for Outstanding Achievement in the Dissertation (which was on the infringement of privacy by private organisations due to state mandated surveillance and retention laws - pretty topical given the unfortunate introduction of the Investigatory Powers Act 2016). However, as previously stated, I had made the decision that I was happier building things, and wanted to return to the world of technology. I talked to a bunch of interesting options, got to various stages in the hiring process with each of them, and happily accepted a role with Titan IC Systems which started at the beginning of September. Titan have produced a hardware accelerated regular expression processor (hence the XKCD reference); the RXP in its FPGA variant (what I get to play with) can handle pattern matching against 40Gb/s of traffic. Which is kinda interesting, as it lends itself to a whole range of applications from network scanning to data mining to, well, anything where you want to sift through a large amount of data checking against a large number of rules. However it s brand new technology for me to get up to speed with (plus getting back into a regular working pattern rather than academentia), and the combination of that and spending most of the summer post DebConf wrapping up the dissertation has meant I haven t had as much time to devote other things as I d have liked. However I ve a few side projects at various stages of completion and will try to manage more regular updates.

4 December 2016

Ben Hutchings: Linux Kernel Summit 2016, part 2

I attended this year's Linux Kernel Summit in Santa Fe, NM, USA and made notes on some of the sessions that were relevant to Debian. LWN also reported many of the discussions. This is the second and last part of my notes; part 1 is here. Kernel Hardening Kees Cook presented the ongoing work on upstream kernel hardening, also known as the Kernel Self-Protection Project or KSPP. GCC plugins The kernel build system can now build and use GCC plugins to implement some protections. This requires gcc 4.5 and the plugin headers installed. It has been tested on x86, arm, and arm64. It is disabled by CONFIG_COMPILE_TEST because CI systems using allmodconfig/allyesconfig probably don't have those installed, but this ought to be changed at some point. There was a question as to how plugin headers should be installed for cross-compilers or custom compilers, but I didn't hear a clear answer to this. Kees has been prodding distribution gcc maintainers to package them. Mark Brown mentioned the Linaro toolchain being widely used; Kees has not talked to its maintainers yet. Probabilistic protections These protections are based on hidden state that an attacker will need to discover in order to make an effective attack; they reduce the probability of success but don't prevent it entirely. Kernel address space layout randomisation (KASLR) has now been implemented on x86, arm64, and mips for the kernel image. (Debian enables this.) However there are still lots of information leaks that defeat this. This could theoretically be improved by relocating different sections or smaller parts of the kernel independently, but this requires re-linking at boot. Aside from software information leaks, the branch target predictor on (common implementations of) x86 provides a side channel to find addresses of branches in the kernel. Page and heap allocation, etc., is still quite predictable. struct randomisation (RANDSTRUCT plugin from grsecurity) reorders members in (a) structures containing only function pointers (b) explicitly marked structures. This makes it very hard to attack custom kernels where the kernel image is not readable. But even for distribution kernels, it increases the maintenance burden for attackers. Deterministic protections These protections block a class of attacks completely. Read-only protection of kernel memory is either mandatory or enabled by default on x86, arm, and arm64. (Debian enables this.) Protections against execution of user memory in kernel mode are now implemented in hardware on x86 (SMEP, in Intel processors from Skylake onward) and on arm64 (PXN, from ARMv8.1). But Skylake is not available for servers and ARMv8.1 is not yet implemented at all! s390 always had this protection. It may be possible to 'emulate' this using other hardware protections. arm (v7) and arm64 now have this, but x86 doesn't. Linus doesn't like the overhead of previously proposed implementations for x86. It is possible to do this using PCID (in Intel processors from Sandy Bridge onward), which has already been done in PaX - and this should be fast enough. Virtually mapped stacks protect against stack overflow attacks. They were implemented as an option for x86 only in 4.9. (Debian enables this.) Copies to or from user memory sometimes use a user-controlled size that is not properly bounded. Hardened usercopy, implemented as an option in 4.8 for many architectures, protects against this. (Debian enables this.) Memory wiping (zero on free) protects against some information leaks and use-after-free bugs. It was already implemented as debug feature with non-zero poison value, but at some performance cost. Zeroing can be cheaper since it allows allocator to skip zeroing on reallocation. That was implemented as an option in 4.6. (Debian does not currently enable this but we might do if the performance cost is low enough.) Constification (with the CONSTIFY gcc plugin) reduces the amount of static data that can be written to. As with RANDSTRUCT, this is applied to function pointer tables and explicitly marked structures. Instances of some types need to be modified very occasionally. In PaX/Grsecurity this is done with pax_ open,close _kernel() which globally disable write protection temporarily. It would be preferable to override write protection in a more directed way, so that the permission to write doesn't leak into any other code that interrupts this process. The feature is not in mainline yet. Atomic wrap detction protects against reference-counting bugs which can result in a use-after-free. Overflow and underflow are trapped and result in an 'oops'. There is no measurable performance impact. It would be applied to all operations on the atomic_t type, but there needs to be an opt-out for atomics that are not ref-counters - probably by adding an atomic_wrap_t type for them. This has been implemented for x86, arm, and arm64 but is not in mainline yet. Kernel Freezer Hell For the second year running, Jiri Kosina raised the problem of 'freezing' kthreads (kernel-mode threads) in preparation for system suspend (suspend to RAM, or hibernation). What are the semantics? What invariants should be met when a kthread gets frozen? They are not defined anywhere. Most freezable threads don't actually need to be quiesced. Also many non-freezable threads are pointlessly calling try_to_freeze() (probably due to copying code without understanding it)). At a system level, what we actually need is I/O and filesystem consistency. This should be achieved by: The system suspend code should not need to directly freeze threads. Kernel Documentation Jon Corbet and Mauro Carvalho presented the recent work on kernel documentation. The kernel's documentation system was a house of cards involving DocBook and a lot of custom scripting. Both the DocBook templates and plain text files are gradually being converted to reStructuredText format, processed by Sphinx. However, manual page generation is currently 'broken' for documents processed by Sphinx. There are about 150 files at the top level of the documentation tree, that are being gradually moved into subdirectories. The most popular files, that are likely to be referenced in external documentation, have been replaced by placeholders. Sphinx is highly extensible and this has been used to integrate kernel-doc. It would be possible to add extensions that parse and include the MAINTAINERS file and Documentation/ABI/ files, which have their own formats, but the documentation maintainers would prefer not to add extensions that can't be pushed to Sphinx upstream. There is lots of obsolete documentation, and patches to remove those would be welcome. Linus objected to PDF files recently added under the Documentation/media directory - they are not the source format so should not be there! They should be generated from the corresponding SVG or image files at build time. Issues around Tracepoints Steve Rostedt and Shuah Khan led a discussion about tracepoints. Currently each maintainer decides which tracepoints to create. The cost of each added tracepoint is minimal, but the cost of very many tracepoints is more substantial. So there is such a thing as too many tracepoints, and we need a policy to decide when they are justified. They advised not to create tracepoints just in case, since kprobes can be used for tracing (almost) anywhere dynamically. There was some support for requiring documentation of each new tracepoint. That may dissuade introduction of obscure tracepoints, but also creates a higher expectation of stability. Tools such as bcc and IOVisor are now being created that depend on specific tracepoints or even function names (through kprobes). Should we care about breaking them? Linus said that we should strive to be polite to developers and users relying on tracepoints, but if it's too painful to maintain a tracepoint then we should go ahead and change it. Where the end users of the tool are themselves developers it's more reasonable to expect them to upgrade the tool and we should care less about changing it. In some cases tracepoints could provide dummy data for compatibility (as is done in some places in procfs).

22 November 2016

Steve Langasek: A new chapter

I don't often write on this blog, and when I do, it's either tech related, or light life stuff. Over the next few weeks, it's going to get a lot more political. If you currently follow this blog for its technical content, you may be tempted to tune out. I would encourage you to stay and listen. I'm passionate about the technology that I work on; but the greatest problems facing our world today are not ones that will be solved with software. American democracy is in bad shape, and it's because of what we're doing to it. This is not a problem of the Right or of the Left; it is not a problem that began with the election of Donald Trump, and it's not a problem that will go away at the end of his term. It is partly a structural problem with the way our elections work, but more than that it's a problem of how we're splitting into separate tribes, isolating ourselves from those who don't agree with us. As Russ Allbery wrote the morning after the election, everything about how we organize ourselves online today - and how we let Facebook and Twitter organize us - leads us to surround ourselves with people who already think the same way we do. That leaves all of us with huge blind spots for other people in our country, and it stifles the free exchange of ideas that is so essential for a healthy democracy. We need leaders who will work to make America a better and more just place for all our neighbors, not just a two-party system that plays tug-of-war using two different sets of voters that feel shut out. And the way we organize ourselves today (online and off) does not let us recognize those leaders. There's a lot of talk now about Facebook changing how it decides what to show people; and maybe they can manage to help everyone's online experience be a little less of a bubble. But part of the change needs to come from us. We need to be willing to engage, civilly, with people whose perspective is different from ours, and make the effort to understand where the other is coming from. So for the next few weeks, I'm going to talk. And I'm going to listen. I have no unique qualifications to speak about the country's issues. But I do have a perspective of my own, which might be different enough from yours to be useful. I was born and raised in Iowa, and graduated from college there. This election cycle, I learned that Iowa holds the distinction of being the state with the lowest percentage of college-educated whites. I'm part of that statistic, because a few years after graduating I moved to Portland, Oregon - a place that's notoriously so far to the left of what we think of as the middle, that it actually has anarchists who would shamefully use a peaceful protest as cover to commit property crime. So I know a few things about the people in each state, that I think the other should hear. I'm also that rarest of creatures, a Portlander who goes to church (Catholic). But I still choose as my neighbors the weird, wonderful, and welcoming community that we have here, whatever Glenn Beck might think. I have a son, and I worry about what kind of world he'll grow up to live in. I work in software, which means I'm doing a lot better than a lot of people in the country right now; it also means that from where I sit, I see trends already in progress that will have an effect on the working class and the middle class that makes NAFTA look like a gnat's fart in comparison. And so I worry for what kind of world we will all live in, if we don't make some changes fast. Let's have a conversation. No comments enabled on this blog, but you can find me on G+ or on Facebook.

9 September 2016

Jonathan Dowland: Metropolis

Every year since 2010 the Whitley Bay Film Festival has put on a programme of movies in my home town, often with some quirk or gimmick. A few years back we watched "Dawn Of The Dead" in a shopping centre the last act was interrupted by a fake film-reel break, then a load of zombies emerged from the shops. Sometime after that, we saw "The Graduate" within a Church as part of their annual "Secret Cinema" showing. Other famous stunts (which I personally did not witness) include a screening of Jaws on the beach and John Carpenter's "The Fog" in Whitley Bay Lighthouse. This year I only went to one showing, Fritz Lang's Metropolis. Two twists this time: it was being shown in The Rendezvous Cafe, an Art-Deco themed building on the sea front; the whole film was accompanied by a live, improvised synthesizer jam by a group of friends and synth/sound enthusiasts who branded themselves "The Mediators" for the evening. I've been meaning to watch Metropolis for a long time (I've got the Blu-Ray still sat in the shrink-wrap) and it was great to see the newly restored version, but the live synth accompaniment was what really made the night special for me. They used a bunch of equipment, most notably a set of Korg Volcas. The soundtrack varied in style and intensity to suit the scenes, with the various under-city scenes backed by a pumping, industrial-style improvisation which sounded quite excellent. I've had an interest in playing with synthesisers and making music for years, but haven't put the time in to do it properly. I left newly inspired and energised to finally try to make the time to explore it.

20 August 2016

Francois Marier: Remplacer un disque RAID d fectueux

Traduction de l'article original anglais https://feeding.cloud.geek.nz/posts/replacing-a-failed-raid-drive/. Voici la proc dure que j'ai suivi pour remplacer un disque RAID d fectueux sur une machine Debian.

Remplacer le disque Apr s avoir remarqu que /dev/sdb a t expuls de mon RAID, j'ai utilis smartmontools pour identifier le num ro de s rie du disque retirer :
smartctl -a /dev/sdb
Cette information en main, j'ai ferm l'ordinateur, retir le disque d fectueux et mis un nouveau disque vide la place.

Initialiser le nouveau disque Apr s avoir d marr avec le nouveau disque vide, j'ai copi la table de partitions avec parted. Premi rement, j'ai examin la table de partitions sur le disque dur non-d fectueux :
$ parted /dev/sda
unit s
print
et cr une nouvelle table de partitions sur le disque de remplacement :
$ parted /dev/sdb
unit s
mktable gpt
Ensuite j'ai utilis la commande mkpart pour mes 4 partitions et je leur ai toutes donn la m me taille que les partitions quivalentes sur /dev/sda. Finalement, j'ai utilis les commandes toggle 1 bios_grub (partition d'amorce) et toggle X raid (o X est le num ro de la partition) pour toutes les partitions RAID, avant de v rifier avec la commande print que les deux tables de partitions sont maintenant identiques.

Resynchroniser/recr er les RAID Pour synchroniser les donn es du bon disque (/dev/sda) vers celui de remplacement (/dev/sdb), j'ai ex cut les commandes suivantes sur mes partitions RAID1 :
mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/sdb2
mdadm /dev/md2 -a /dev/sdb4
et j'ai gard un oeil sur le statut de la synchronisation avec :
watch -n 2 cat /proc/mdstat
Pour acc l rer le processus, j'ai utilis le truc suivant :
blockdev --setra 65536 "/dev/md0"
blockdev --setra 65536 "/dev/md2"
echo 300000 > /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_min
echo 1000000 > /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_max
Ensuite, j'ai recr ma partition swap RAID0 comme suit :
mdadm /dev/md1 --create --level=0 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb3
mkswap /dev/md1
Par que la partition swap est toute neuve (il n'est pas possible de restorer une partition RAID0, il faut la re-cr er compl tement), j'ai d faire deux choses:
  • remplacer le UUID pour swap dans /etc/fstab, avec le UUID donn par la commande mkswap (ou bien en utilisant la command blkid et en prenant le UUID pour /dev/md1)
  • remplacer le UUID de /dev/md1 dans /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf avec celui retourn pour /dev/md1 par la commande mdadm --detail --scan

S'assurer que l'on peut d marrer avec le disque de remplacement Pour tre certain de bien pouvoir d marrer la machine avec n'importe quel des deux disques, j'ai r install le boot loader grub sur le nouveau disque :
grub-install /dev/sdb
avant de red marrer avec les deux disques connect s. Ceci confirme que ma configuration fonctionne bien. Ensuite, j'ai d marr sans le disque /dev/sda pour m'assurer que tout fonctionnerait bien si ce disque d cidait de mourir et de me laisser seulement avec le nouveau (/dev/sdb). Ce test brise videmment la synchronisation entre les deux disques, donc j'ai d red marrer avec les deux disques connect s et puis r -ajouter /dev/sda tous les RAID1 :
mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/sda2
mdadm /dev/md2 -a /dev/sda4
Une fois le tout fini, j'ai red marrer nouveau avec les deux disques pour confirmer que tout fonctionne bien :
cat /proc/mdstat
et j'ai ensuite ex cuter un test SMART complet sur le nouveau disque :
smartctl -t long /dev/sdb

Francois Marier: Remplacer un disque RAID d fectueux

Traduction de l'article original anglais https://feeding.cloud.geek.nz/posts/replacing-a-failed-raid-drive/. Voici la proc dure que j'ai suivi pour remplacer un disque RAID d fectueux sur une machine Debian.

Remplacer le disque Apr s avoir remarqu que /dev/sdb a t expuls de mon RAID, j'ai utilis smartmontools pour identifier le num ro de s rie du disque retirer :
smartctl -a /dev/sdb
Cette information en main, j'ai ferm l'ordinateur, retir le disque d fectueux et mis un nouveau disque vide la place.

Initialiser le nouveau disque Apr s avoir d marr avec le nouveau disque vide, j'ai copi la table de partitions avec parted. Premi rement, j'ai examin la table de partitions sur le disque dur non-d fectueux :
$ parted /dev/sda
unit s
print
et cr une nouvelle table de partitions sur le disque de remplacement :
$ parted /dev/sdb
unit s
mktable gpt
Ensuite j'ai utilis la commande mkpart pour mes 4 partitions et je leur ai toutes donn la m me taille que les partitions quivalentes sur /dev/sda. Finalement, j'ai utilis les commandes toggle 1 bios_grub (partition d'amorce) et toggle X raid (o X est le num ro de la partition) pour toutes les partitions RAID, avant de v rifier avec la commande print que les deux tables de partitions sont maintenant identiques.

Resynchroniser/recr er les RAID Pour synchroniser les donn es du bon disque (/dev/sda) vers celui de remplacement (/dev/sdb), j'ai ex cut les commandes suivantes sur mes partitions RAID1 :
mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/sdb2
mdadm /dev/md2 -a /dev/sdb4
et j'ai gard un oeil sur le statut de la synchronisation avec :
watch -n 2 cat /proc/mdstat
Pour acc l rer le processus, j'ai utilis le truc suivant :
blockdev --setra 65536 "/dev/md0"
blockdev --setra 65536 "/dev/md2"
echo 300000 > /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_min
echo 1000000 > /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_max
Ensuite, j'ai recr ma partition swap RAID0 comme suit :
mdadm /dev/md1 --create --level=0 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb3
mkswap /dev/md1
Par que la partition swap est toute neuve (il n'est pas possible de restorer une partition RAID0, il faut la re-cr er compl tement), j'ai d faire deux choses:
  • remplacer le UUID pour swap dans /etc/fstab, avec le UUID donn par la commande mkswap (ou bien en utilisant la command blkid et en prenant le UUID pour /dev/md1)
  • remplacer le UUID de /dev/md1 dans /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf avec celui retourn pour /dev/md1 par la commande mdadm --detail --scan

S'assurer que l'on peut d marrer avec le disque de remplacement Pour tre certain de bien pouvoir d marrer la machine avec n'importe quel des deux disques, j'ai r install le boot loader grub sur le nouveau disque :
grub-install /dev/sdb
avant de red marrer avec les deux disques connect s. Ceci confirme que ma configuration fonctionne bien. Ensuite, j'ai d marr sans le disque /dev/sda pour m'assurer que tout fonctionnerait bien si ce disque d cidait de mourir et de me laisser seulement avec le nouveau (/dev/sdb). Ce test brise videmment la synchronisation entre les deux disques, donc j'ai d red marrer avec les deux disques connect s et puis r -ajouter /dev/sda tous les RAID1 :
mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/sda2
mdadm /dev/md2 -a /dev/sda4
Une fois le tout fini, j'ai red marrer nouveau avec les deux disques pour confirmer que tout fonctionne bien :
cat /proc/mdstat
et j'ai ensuite ex cuter un test SMART complet sur le nouveau disque :
smartctl -t long /dev/sdb

3 August 2016

Elena 'valhalla' Grandi: The Cat Model of Package Ownership

The Cat Model of Package Ownership

Debian has been moving away from strong ownership of packages by package maintainers and towards encouraging group maintainership, for very good reasons: single maintainers have a bad bus factor and a number of other disadvantages.

When single maintainership is changed into maintainership by a small , open group of people who can easily communicate and sync with each other, everything is just better: there is an easy way to gradually replace people who want to leave, but there is also no duplication of efforts (because communication is easy), there are means to always have somebody available for emergency work and generally package quality can only gain from it.

Unfortunately, having such group of maintainers for every package would require more people than are available and willing to work on it, and while I think it's worth doing efforts to have big and important packages managed that way, it may not be so for the myriad of small ones that make up the long tail of a distribution.

Many of those packages may end up being maintained in a big team such as the language-based ones, which is probably better than remaining with a single maintainer, but can lead to some problems.

My experience with the old OpenEmbedded, back when it was still using monotone instead of git and everybody was maintaining everything, however, leads me to think that this model has a big danger of turning into nobody maintains anything, because when something needs to be done everybody is thinking that somebody else will do it.

As a way to prevent that, I have been thinking in the general direction of a Cat Model of Package Ownership, which may or may not be a way to prevent some risks of both personal maintainership and big teams.

The basic idea is that the my in my packages is not the my in my toys , but the my in my Cat, to whom I am a servant .

As in the case of a cat, if my package needs a visit to the vet, it's my duty to do so. Other people may point me to the need of such a visit, e.g. by telling me that they have seen the cat leaving unhealty stools, that there is a bug in the package, or even that upstream released a new version a week ago, did you notice?, but the actual putting the package in a cat carrier and bringing it to the vet falls on me.

Whether you're allowed to play with or pet the cat is her decision, not mine, and giving her food or doing changes to the package is usually fine, but please ask first: a few cats have medical issues that require a special diet.

And like cats, sometimes the cat may decide that I'm not doing a good enough job of serving her, and move away to another maintainer; just remember that there is a difference between a lost cat who wants to go back to her old home and a cat that is looking for a new one. When in doubt, packages usually wear a collar with contact informations, trying to ping those is probably a good idea.

This is mostly a summer afternoon idea and will probably require some refinement, but I think that the basic idea can have some value. Comments are appreciated on the federated social networks where this post is being published, via email (valid addresses are on my website http://www.trueelena.org/computers/articles/the_cat_model_of_package_ownership.html and on my GPG key http://www.trueelena.org/about/gpg.html) or with a post on a blog that appears on planet debian http://planet.debian.org/.

how small is small depends a lot on the size of the package, the amount of work it requires, how easy it is to parallelize it and how good are the people involved at communicating, so it would be quite hard to put a precise number here.

I've moved away from it because the boards I was using could run plain Debian, but I've heard that after the move to git there have been a number of workflow changes (of which I've seen the start) and everything now works much better.

15 June 2016

Russ Allbery: Review: Matter

Review: Matter, by Iain M. Banks
Publisher: Orbit
Copyright: February 2008
ISBN: 0-316-00536-3
Format: Hardcover
Pages: 593
Sursamen is an Arithmetic, Mottled, Disputed, Multiply Inhabited, Multi-million Year Safe, and Godded Shellworld. It's a constructed world with multiple inhabitable levels, each lit by thermonuclear "suns" on tracks, each level supported above the last by giant pillars. Before the recorded history of the current Involved Species, a culture called the Veil created the shellworlds with still-obscure technology for some unknown purpose, and then disappeared. Now, they're inhabited by various transplants and watched over by a hierarchy of mentor and client species. In the case of Sursamen, both the Aultridia and the Oct claim jurisdiction (hence "Disputed"), and are forced into an uneasy truce by the Nariscene, a more sophisticated species that oversees them both. On Sursamen, on level eight to be precise, are the Sarl, a culture with an early industrial level of technology in the middle of a war of conquest to unite their level (and, they hope, the next level down). Their mentors are the Oct, who claim descendance from the mysterious Veil. The Deldeyn, the next level down, are mentored by the Aultridia, a species that evolved from a parasite on Xinthian Tensile Aranothaurs. Since a Xinthian, treated by the Sarl as a god, lives in the heart of Sursamen (hence "Godded"), tensions between the Sarl and the Aultridians run understandably high. The ruler of the Sarl had three sons and a daughter. The oldest was killed by the people he is conquering as Matter starts. The middle son is a womanizer and a fop who, as the book opens, watches a betrayal that he's entirely unprepared to deal with. The youngest is a thoughtful, bookish youth pressed into a position that he also is not well-prepared for. His daughter left the Sarl, and Sursamen itself, fifteen years previously. Now, she's a Special Circumstances agent for the Culture. Matter is the eighth Culture novel, although (like most of the series) there's little need to read the books in any particular order. The introduction to the Culture here is a bit scanty, so you'll have more background and understanding if you've read the previous novels, but it doesn't matter a great deal for the story. Sharp differences in technology levels have turned up in previous Culture novels (although the most notable example is a minor spoiler), but this is the first Culture novel I recall where those technological differences were given a structure. Usually, Culture novels have Special Circumstances meddling in, from their perspective, "inferior" cultures. But Sursamen is not in Culture space or directly the Culture's business. The Involved Species that governs Sursamen space is the Morthanveld: an aquatic species roughly on a technology level with the Culture themselves. The Nariscene are their client species; the Oct and Aultridia are, in turn, client species (well, mostly) of the Nariscene, while meddling with the Sarl and Deldeyn. That part of this book reminded me of Brin's Uplift universe. Banks's Involved Species aren't the obnoxious tyrants of Brin's universe, and mentoring doesn't involve the slavery of the Uplift universe. But some of the politics are a bit similar. And, as with Uplift, all the characters are aware, at least vaguely, of the larger shape of galactic politics. Even the Sarl, who themselves have no more than early industrial technology. When Ferbin flees the betrayal to try to get help, he ascends out of the shellworld to try to get assistance from an Involved species, or perhaps his sister (which turns out to be the same thing). Banks spends some time here, mostly through Ferbin and his servant (who is one of the better characters in this book), trying to imagine what it would be like to live in a society that just invented railroads while being aware of interstellar powers that can do practically anything. The plot, like the world on which it's set, proceeds on multiple levels. There is court intrigue within the Sarl, war on their level and the level below, and Ferbin's search for support and then justice. But the Sarl live in an artifact with some very mysterious places, including the best set piece in the book: an enormous waterfall that's gradually uncovering a lost city on the level below the Sarl, and an archaeological dig that proceeds under the Deldeyn and Sarl alike. Djan Seriy decides to return home when she learns of events in Sarl, originally for reasons of family loyalty and obligation, but she's a bit more in touch with the broader affairs of the galaxy, including the fact that the Oct are acting very strangely. There's something much greater at stake on Sursamen than tedious infighting between non-Involved cultures. As always with Banks, the set pieces and world building are amazing, the scenery is jaw-dropping, and I have some trouble warming to the characters. Dramatic flights across tower-studded landscapes seeking access to forbidden world-spanning towers largely, but don't entirely, make up for not caring about most of the characters for most of the book. This did change, though: although I never particularly warmed to Ferbin, I started to like his younger brother, and I really liked his sister and his servant by the end of the book. Unfortunately, the end of Matter is, if not awful, at least exceedingly abrupt. As is typical of Banks, we get a lot of sense of wonder but not much actual explanation, and the denouement is essentially nonexistent. (There is a coy epilogue hiding after the appendices, but it mostly annoyed me and provides only material for extrapolation about the characters.) Another SF author would have written a book about the Xinthian, the Veil, the purpose of the shellworlds, and the deep history of the galaxy. I should have known going in that Banks isn't that sort of SF author, but it was still frustrating. Still, Banks is an excellent writer and this is a meaty, complex, enjoyable story with some amazing moments of wonder and awe. If you like Culture novels in general, you will like this. If you like set-piece-heavy SF on a grand scale, such as Alastair Reynolds or Kim Stanley Robinson, you probably like this. Recommended. Rating: 8 out of 10

9 June 2016

Martin Pitt: autopkgtest 4.0: Simplified CLI, deprecating adt

Historically, the adt-run command line has allowed multiple tests; as a consequence, arguments like --binary or --override-control were position dependent, which confused users a lot (#795274, #785068, #795274, LP #1453509). On the other hand I don t know anyone or any CI system which actually makes use of the multiple tests on a single command line feature. The command line also was a bit confusing in other ways, like the explicit --built-tree vs. --unbuilt-tree and the magic / vs. // suffixes, or option vs. positional arguments to specify tests. The other long-standing confusion is the pervasive adt acronym, which is still from the very early times when autopkgtest was called autodebtest (this was changed one month after autodebtest s inception, in 2006!). Thus in some recent night/weekend hack sessions I ve worked on a new command line interface and consistent naming. This is now available in autopkgtest 4.0 in Debian unstable and Ubuntu Yakkety. You can download and use the deb package on Debian jessie and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS as well. (I will provide official backports after the first bug fix release after this got some field testing.) New autopkgtest command The adt-run program is now superseded by autopkgtest: README.running-tests got updated to the new CLI, as usual you can also read the HTML online. The old adt-run CLI is still available with unchanged behaviour, so it is safe to upgrade existing CI systems to that version. Image build tools All adt-build* tools got renamed to autopkgtest-build*, and got changed to build images prefixed with autopkgtest instead of adt . For example, adt-build-lxc ubuntu xenial now produces an autopkgtest-xenial container instead of adt-xenial. In order to not break existing CI systems, the new autopkgtest package contains symlinks to the old adt-build* commands, and when being called through them, also produce images with the old adt- prefix. Environment variables in tests Finally there is a set of environment variables that are exported by autopkgtest for using in tests and image customization tools, which now got renamed from ADT_* to AUTOPKGTEST_*: As these are being used in existing tests and tools, autopkgtest also exports/checks those under their old ADT_* name. So tests can be converted gradually over time (this might take several years). Feedback As usual, if you find a bug or have a suggestion how to improve the CLI, please file a bug in Debian or in Launchpad. The new CLI is recent enough that we still have some liberty to change it. Happy testing!

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