So, sometime over the past few weeks I clocked up ten years as a
Debian developer:
From: Anthony Towns <aj@humbug.org.au>
Subject: Wannabe maintainer.
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 1998 18:35:28 +1000 (EST)
To: new-maintainer@debian.org
Hello world,
I'd like to become a debian maintainer.
I'd like an account on master, and for it to be subscribed to the
debian-private list.
My preferred login on master would have been aj, but as that's taken
ajt or atowns would be great.
I've run a debian system at home for half a year, and a system at work
for about two months. I've run Linux for two and a half years at home,
two years at work. I've been active in my local linux users' group for
just over a year. I've written a few programs, and am part way through
packaging the distributed.net personal proxy for Debian (pending
approval for non-free distribution from distributed.net).
I've read the Debian Social Contract.
My PGP public key is attached, and also available as
<http://azure.humbug.org.au/~aj/aj_key.asc>.
If there's anything more you need to know, please email me.
Thanks in advance.
Cheers,
aj
--
Anthony Towns <aj@humbug.org.au> <http://azure.humbug.org.au/~aj/>
I don't speak for anyone save myself. PGP encrypted mail preferred.
On Netscape GPLing their browser: How can you trust a browser that
ANYONE can hack? For the secure choice, choose Microsoft.''
-- <oryx@pobox.com> in a comment on slashdot.org
Apparently that also means I’ve clocked up ten and a half years as a
Debian user; I think my previous two years of Linux (mid-95 to mid-97)
were split between Slackware and Red Hat, though I couldn’t say for
sure at this point.
There’s already been a few other grand ten-year reviews, such as Joey
Hess’s
twenty-part serial, or LWN’s
week-by-week review,
or ONLamp’s
interview with Bruce Perens, Eric Raymond and Michael
Tiemann on ten years of “open source”. I don’t think I’m going to
try matching that sort of depth though, so here are some of my highlights
(after the break).
- Starting small: my first package was distributed-net-pproxy, which
would claim a bunch of work units which could then be distributed over
the local LAN. Useful if you’re in Australia in the mid-90s and being
charged by the minute for Internet access. distributed.net didn’t allow
general distribution, so I asked for (and received) explicit permission to
include it in Debian. (distributed.net had a ten year anniversary
last year too)
- Diving straight in: I got sucked in to the mailing lists pretty
quickly, and within a couple of months was up to my neck trying to
redesign the way we did releases; oddly enough that didn’t
turn out quite so easy, but at least it ended up with some
concrete proposals within a couple of months, pretty
much synchronously with the hamm (2.0) release going out (and, I guess,
about a year after I’d started using Debian…). At around the same
time was, I think, my first recorded comment about trade offs
regarding freeness…
- cruft: My first bit of Debian specific code was cruft
(that its name, not it’s value…), which worked okay as a prototype,
but got snagged up in debian-policy trying to get packages
to make a note of files they’ll put on the system without telling dpkg
(eg, /etc/passwd, /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb, etc). That pretty much
sapped my interest in it, and cruft stagnated until Marcin Owsiany picked
it up in 2005.
- Played for a sucker, part one: a few months later I was messing around
doing QA stuff and fixing bugs and as part of that did an NMU of netbase
(which at the time directly contained all sorts of important tools like
ping and inetd directly). That went something like:
From: Anthony Towns
Date: Sat, Nov 21, 1998
There are a few bugs accumulating against the netbase package which
you're maintaining. I was wondering if you'd mind if I made an NMU
to fix some of them for the upcoming slink release?
From: Peter Tobias
Date: Sat, Nov 21, 1998
No, please go ahead ... I'm quite busy right now and I would really
appreciate any help. Please let me know if you need additional information
about the package.
From: Anthony Towns
Date: Sun, Dec 6, 1998
There's an NMU sitting in Incoming now. It fixes a few bugs, viz:
[...]
From: Peter Tobias
Date: Fri, Dec 25, 1998
due to my current job I don't have much time to work on my debian
packages. In order to have more time for my other debian packages
I would like to give away the netbase package. Are you interested
in maintaining this package?
From: Anthony Towns
Date: Fri, Dec 25, 1998
Ummm. Sure. I guess. (or, iow, *Eeeeeeeeeeeeek*!!!)
- ifupdown: As part of maintaining netbase I tried to figure out a way
of fixing bugs like 31745 and 39118. Basically,
Debian used to do networking by generating a script on install that
you could modify by hand, and that was it – so when the commands
needed changed between 2.0 and 2.2 (no more “route add -net”), you
couldn’t make that upgrade “just work”. Red Hat handled it with “ifup”
and “ifdown” commands that would look at a whole bunch of shell-format
variables in /etc, which worked but wasn’t elegant, so I came up with
something I thought was actually pleasant. It’s fundamental
attitude is to be a parser – the networking commands are specifed as
compile-time configuration, the description of your network is your
runtime configuration, and ifupdown just puts those all together without
trying to actually understand what’s going on. To some degree, that works
really well – it keeps all the knowledge separate so when you’re writing
an /etc/network/interfaces, you’re not worried about how DHCP works;
in others it breaks down – in particular if bringing up an interface
fails part way through, is it up, or down, or something else entirely?
- bugs.debian.org: I’m not entirely sure why, but in August ‘99 I
decided to start running a script to stop old bugs from being permanently
deleted:
From: Anthony Towns
Subject: BTS and old bugs
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 1999 22:33:16 +1000
To: debian-private@lists.debian.org
ObPrivate: Erm. I'm not sure. It is only even vaguely relevant to
developers.
Since bugs #9705 and #36727 don't seem like being fixed any time soon
and Darren hasn't managed to convert the BTS to using debbugs.deb yet,
I've made a little script to stop us from continuing to lose bug
reports, and am running it in my crontab on master.
~ajt/debian-bugs/archive/ contains hardlinked copies of the bugs in
~iwj/debian-bugs/spool/db (except split into sub-directories). When
the bugs get expired from the BTS, the hardlink in ~ajt remains, so
the file doesn't get lost forever.
In the week or so I've been running it, some 500 odd bugs expired [0].
Next month I sent Darren Benham a first version of bugreport.cgi,
and at some point around then must’ve sent off a pkreport.cgi too;
by the month after (October) I’d evidently been added to the debbugs
group, because I was merging my archived bugs into the official debbugs
directories.
- testing: So a year and a bit later and there had been some
more discussions about making major changes to our release process,
and since I’d done some more algorithms subjects at university by this
point, dove in a bit more seriously. For me, the main challenge seemed
to be keeping dependencies consistent, and it turns out validating
dependencies and conflicts is an NP-complete problem, and
solving that reasonably efficiently seemed like a good first step. By
October ‘99 I’d come up with a first pass solution, which I
think was still in Perl at the time. A couple more
rounds of playing with consistency checking stuff ensued,
resulting in some regularly updated lists being generated by
December, and by March 2000 or so that had graduated to a simulation
of testing as we know and love it today.
- Played for a sucker, part two: so after a few months of maintaining
a testing suite while potato (Debian 2.2) was getting finalised for
release I figured it’d be useful to get broader release experience, so
asked Richard Braakman if I could help out with the last bits of the
potato release. At which point he said “sure”, gave me James Troup’s
email address for accepting/rejecting packages etc, then buzzed off
to a mobile phone related junket in the US, and laid low until the
release was actually out… A cunning plan, for sure. Happily, that
didn’t take too long – I think I started around June, and potato was
finished baking for release at LinuxWorld Expo in August, though it did
involve about 2000 lines of archive changes and stuff mailed to James
over the period, along with half
a dozen mails to
-devel-announce.
- Junket: In the middle of that was my first ever debconf – or
technically the Debian portion of the 2000 LSM/RMLL in Bordeaux, aka
Debconf 0. It was awesome – met heaps of cool people, got to practice
my high school French, and enjoy some lovely red wine while gossipping
about free software. Also heard RMS sing the free software song live. But
the wine was great!
- katie/dak: The biggest problem with the “simulation of testing”
mentioned above was it was held together with paperclips and sticky-tape;
or less metaphorically, shell one-liners and hardlinks. Since packages
would originally get uploaded to unstable, and then move into testing,
and then get deleted from unstable, you’d end up at least doubling the
bandwidth required to mirror Debian, because each package would get
sent to mirrors once for unstable and once for testing. Which is fine
for a simulation, but for deployment, well, we needed package pools,
which in turned required a rewrite of dinstall.
James did all the initial work, apart from some of the schema design
and the scarier SQL, and by November had it deployed for the non-US
archive, and got it onto ftp-master in December. At
which point the time was ripe for hooking up testing into the archive
proper, which is about the point that the testing scripts got named
“britney” so as to fit in with all silly names in the da-katie suite. I’m
pretty sure the rationale was that I did the final coordination of the
potato release (archive changes, cd images, announcement, etc), I spent
from about 3am to 10am listening to a handful of Britney Spears songs
on repeat. The phrase “scarred for life” might come to mind.
Since that point, there’s been lots of evolutionary changes to both
dak and testing (including a rewrite of the perl parts of testing into
python), but it’s all built fairly naturally from that point.
- debootstrap: I’m pretty sure my motivation for writing
debootstrap was a mix of just wanting to avoid having to worry about
out of date base tarballs for the purposes of keeping testing in-sync,
and wondering if it was actually possible to write a script to bootstrap
a Debian system from the sort of minimally functioanl environment the
installer has to put up with. In the end, it turned out pretty cool –
it was used by the final boot-floppies, it’s part of d-i, it makes
tools like pbuilder possible, I think it helps embedded folks heaps,
it’s spawned some imitators, and generally been a
pretty cool exercise in hackery.
- Freedom and purity: About six months earlier, there was a
big flamewar and an attempted vote on whether to remove
non-free from the archive. I’d written a rebuttal and
counter-proposal, but it all ended up collapsing in a
heap, due to disputes about the constitution. For some reason I
feel like this mail was more interesting than all the previous
ones combined…
That ended up needing a whole bunch of changes to the
constitution: one to make it clear under what circumstances the social
contract can be changed, and another on what happens when one option
on a vote requires a supermajority while another doesn’t, and working
that out ended up taking from October 2000 until October 2003. It was
actually kind-of interesting; trying to analyse a good voting system
that works in the real world has all sorts of interesting maths to it,
and there’s a whole bunch of election methods guys that have studied it
in a bunch of depth. And since its elections, you can have fun with all
sorts of scenarious of corruption – like what if the secretary’s
trying to change the results. In practice, the difference between
good and bad election methods seems to turn out to be negligible, but
why wouldn’t you have the best one you possibly can?
A couple of months after those changes were done, dropping non-free got
reproposed, and I did another counter-proposal; this time they
were actually voted on, with the counter-proposal winning, by a little
under a two-to-one margin. Which means we get to get rid of non-free by
making it completely superfluous, rather than just near enough.
Hrm, this is going on longer than I’d hoped. Oh well, to be continued!