Search Results: "ron"

4 April 2009

Yves-Alexis Perez: Xfce 4.6 in unstable

Following the ACCEPT on packages on NEW during my vacations and the ack from the release team, I've just uploaded all Xfce 4.6 packages to unstable. Packages for your architectures should arrive on your mirror along the weekend. the NEWS.Debian (which will be displayed if you use apt-listchanges (which is a good idea)) will warn you about some upgrade precautions to take. I'm reproducing it here:

xfce4 (4.6.0.1) unstable; urgency=low

Xfce 4.6 includes multiple changes which are not directly visible to the
user but might cause problems in rare cases.

Settings management have been moved from the old MCS Manager to the xfconf
system. User settings will be migrated automatically at first Xfce 4.6
startup using the /usr/lib/xfce4/xfconf-migration/xfconf-migration-4.6.pl
script contained in xfce4-utils. Once those settings have been migrated,
the automatic run will be disabled but the script will stay (for future
users).

Menus are now managed using a dedicated library, used by various Xfce
components (including xfdesktop4 and the menu panel plugin). This library
tries to support the freedesktop.org specifications, but is not totally
complete and thus lacks the support for some items, like .
This renders useless the menu editor previously shipped with Xfce 4.4.
Solutions for menu editing can be found at the following address:
http://wiki.xfce.org/howto/customize-menu

As the upgrade is pretty invasive, it is recommended to quit Xfce before
doing so, but it's not required and upgrades have been made from the
desktop environment without problems. In that case, be sure to quit Xfce
not long after the upgrade.

-- Yves-Alexis Perez <corsac@debian.org> Thu, 02 Apr 2009 21:19:53 +0200 The xfce4-goodies will be updated soon to match the new goodies present for Xfce 4.6, and the desktop task (the standard install when you choose desktop=xfce in the installer) will be updated too (there's an ongoing discussion on pkg-xfce mailing list to select which packages should be part of that install). Have a good upgrade!

Russ Allbery: Lintian 2.2.9

I finally got this released. I'm very sorry for the long delay; life has been ridiculously busy lately. This release updates the list of valid sections, fixes a few annoying bugs (particularly in diversion handling and some problems with file 5.00 and analysis of source packages), and has some additional checks for correct package sections. Many thanks to Frank Lichtenheld and Raphael Geissert for their work on this release. I've also started the full archive run for lintian.debian.org, so it will finally be up-to-date again. Apologies to everyone for the out-of-date results there; I kept meaning to update it after the next release, and then kept finding another bug or not having a moment to do it. Lintian development will probably be slow for the next couple of months (unless my co-maintainers end up with more time to drive it forward), since I have a huge pile of work that I need to do, including deploying a virtualization environment and lots of upgrades to lenny. Things should start settling down again sometime around mid-June.

John Goerzen: Review: Why Religion Matters by Huston Smith

Most of the book deals with things we already know yet never learn. Huston Smith
This is perhaps one of the most enlightening books I ve ever read, and yet I feel like I ve only grasped a small bit of its meaning. It is with that warning that I attempt this review. I should add at the outset that this is one of those books where no matter what you expect it to be, after reading it, you will find that it wasn t what you expected. I heartily recommend it to everyone, from the devoutly religious to the devoutly atheistic. Science and Scientism Smith begins with a discussion of science and scientism. He is a forceful defender of science and of the work of scientists in general. But he is careful to separate science from scientism. Paraphrased, he defines scientism as the belief that science is the only (or the best) route to truth about everything. He points out that, through no explicit fault of scientists, scientism has become so ingrained in our modern psyche that even theologians have started thinking in terms of it. Yet there are some pretty glaring flaws in scientism, particularly where it comes to matters of philosophy, conscience, meaning, and religion. Smith argues that the foundation of science is the controlled experiment and logical inferences derived from it. He then proceeds to make strong case that it is not possible for humans to set up a controlled experiment to either prove or disprove the existence of something more than our material world a transcendence, a metaphysical reality, a spirit, a God. We, with our existence trapped in this finite world, cannot possibly hope to capture and control something so much more than us in every way: intelligence, versatility, and finiteness . Thus science can t even address the question. That hasn t stopped people from claiming that religion is just a helpful delusion, for instance, despite not being able to prove whether it is in fact a delusion or reality. Worldviews Smith then asks us to indulge a moment in considering two different worldviews: one the science-only worldview so common these days, and the other a more traditional religious worldview with a rightful place for science. He defers supporting evidence for each for later chapters. The science-only worldview is pretty familiar to many, and I have even heard parts of it articulated in comments left on this blog. It goes roughly like this: The universe is x billions of years old. It is, so far as we presently know, a vast expanse with mostly dead matter. Earth is the only exception, which contains some living organisms and even sentient beings, though these make up a small fraction of even the earth. This life arrived by accident through physical and biological processes, some of which are well-understood and some aren t. In the end, the universe will again become entirely dead, as our planet will be incinerated when our sun goes nova. Or, in any case, the entire universe will eventually expire in one of various ways. This worldview suggests that it is an accident that we are here and that we have consciousness, and that our actions have no ultimate meaning because the earth will eventually be incinerated anyhow. The traditional worldview holds the opposite: that instead of having our origins in the tiniest and simplest of building blocks, and eventually improving over time, we should more properly think of ourselves as being derived from something greater than ourselves. That greater something is part of our world, but something much bigger than it too. It does not rule out science, but neither is it something that science can ever explain. It suggests that our lives have a purpose, that our work has meaning, and that there are ultimate ends to seek. Smith is a scholar of world religions, and draws on his considerable experience to point out that virtually all world religions, before the Enlightenment, drew essentially the same picture of our world and the more . He reminds us though perhaps less effectively than Marcus Borg that there are other ways of knowing truth besides science, and suggests that we pay attention to what the vast majority of humanity had to say about the nature of existence before a human invention started to squelch the story. The Stories The book is filled with personal stories (Smith spent at least a decade each researching and practicing at least four different religions), quotes, and insights. I consider it the most enlightening book on religion I have yet read. Smith has more than a passing familiarity with physics, and the physicists in the crowd will probably be delighted at his discussions of quantum mechanics and the claim that nonlocality provides us with the first level platform since modern science arose on which scientists and theologians can continue their discussions. One passage reads like this:
Again I will let Henry Stapp say it: Everything we [now] know about Nature is in accord with the idea that the fundamental process of Nature lies outside space-time, but generates events that can be located in space-time. Stapp does not mention matter, but his phrase space-time implies it, for physics locks the three together.
He says that quantum theory of course can t prove that there is a God, but that recent research seems to disprove the old notion that, given enough time, all questions will be answerable by science. Even if you disagree with every one of Smith s conclusions, you ll be along for a fascinating ride through physics, biology, philosophy, and innumerable religions. One of my favorite anecdotes concerns noted physicist David Bohm (who studied under Oppenheimer and worked with Einstein, among others). He gave a lecture at one point, apparently touching on his hidden variable theories to a great extent. At its conclusion, a senior physics professor asked derivisely, What does all this philosophy have to do with physics? Bohm replied, I do not make that distinction. How s that for something to ponder? The Writing The book is fun to read, and the stories make it all the moreso. However, it is not a light read. Houston Smith wrote this near the beginning, without any hint of irony:
The first of these differences is that Gass s is an aristocratic book, written for the literary elite, whereas mine is as plebeian as I can render its not always simple arguments.
I can think of a few simpler ways to express that thought. In any case, it isn t light reading, but it is accessible even if you, like me, have little formal training in philosophy, theology, or quantum physics. Conclusion I would do such a poor job trying to paraphrase Smith s main points that I haven t even really attempted to do so here. Get the book you ll be in for a treat. Incidentally, I had been thinking of buying the book for awhile. What finally made me do so was an NPR story about how he helped preserve the sound of the Gyuto Monks Tantric Choir back in 1964, when he (of course) was sleeping in a monastery in the Himalayas and awoke to investigate something transcendent the holiest sound I have ever heard. I pressed the Buy button for the Kindle edition a few minutes later.

3 April 2009

Russell Coker: Tithing for Open Source

It s common to hear a complaint of the form I get paid to keep computers running not hack an OS coming from someone who uses an Open Source OS such as Linux, BSD, or Open Solaris. It seems to me that part of the job of keeping computers running when using Open Source software IS to hack the source and fix bugs. This takes the place of praying, begging, and having your employer pay arbitrary extra amounts of money to the vendor when you have problems with proprietary software. It s well understood that a good system-administrator will anticipate problems and implement solutions to them in advance. You don t wait for a system to run out of disk space and then fix it - you install cron jobs to compress and remove old log files and have a monitoring system to tell you if disk space really runs low. It seems to me that the approach that many companies take towards fixing software bugs goes against this ideal. They wait for software to fail in production and then file a bug report and hope that someone else will fix it. When allocating time for various tasks it s not uncommon to have various amounts of staff time devoted to different servers, departments, or projects. I believe that having a fixed amount of time devoted to finding and fixing bugs in Open Source software (both current versions and pre-release versions) would save money for a company in the long term. If 10% of the time of the most skilled programmers was assigned to finding and fixing bugs in the OS then the overall quality would improve. If a company depends on Debian then it would make sense to have this 10% time include testing out the production programs on Debian/Unstable, it if depends on Red Hat Enterprise Linux then it would make sense to test them out on Rawhide. This would increase the ability of the future releases of Debian or RHEL to support the applications in question, and might also discover some application bugs. Also it s very important to submit patches with bug reports. It s not uncommon for a bug report to be critically important to a user but not overly important to the rest of the world. Such bugs can stay in a bug tracking system for a long time without getting fixed. But if there is a patch submitted that includes necessary documentation patches and a description of the tests that it has passed then it will probably be easier to include it than to debate whether it s really needed. If a project is only running for a matter of weeks or months (EG a consulting company that comes in, deploys a solution and then leaves) then there is probably no benefit for doing this. But if a company is going to be running servers for many years which will periodically be upgraded then it would be a real benefit to have bugs fixed in future versions.

2 April 2009

Marc 'Zugschlus' Haber: LV naming, UUIDs, file systems labels

In the last few weeks, I spent quite some time wondering about how to arrange the hard disk layout of my productive systems in the future. This article outlines my thoughts and would like to ask the lazyweb for comments. I try to keep my Debian servers as identically as possible, making it possible to talk non-linux persons remotely through the system without having to worry about this particular box configuration. I have been especially worrying about: On my current systems, I usually have the root file system on /dev/hda1, with /dev/hda2 being a PV which is the only PV of a VG vg0, which in turn has LVs named home, var and usr. This setup has a bunch of disadvantages. Thankfully, there is a number of possible solutions: I am pondering about a solution, but suspect that this is totally overengineered. Did I miss something? Is this a realistic solution? How do you handle this issue? Comments to this article will be open for quite a while.

MJ Ray: A Question of Debian ClamAV, Freshclam and Volatile

I m not a big fan of virus-scanning on the mailservers (I think you should bolt your email-sending computers right down so that viruses and spambots can t send email), but it seems to be a necessity these days. So, I was a bit late starting on mailserver-antivirus and mainly pay attention to it when it goes badly wrong. I ve got clamav installed where needed, but recently I m seeing clamav hang, eat CPU and cause postfix to defer all emails while logging nothing useful. Often this seems to be soon after freshclam kicks in. Anyone else seen this problem? Moreover, anyone managed to narrow it down and fix it? On some systems, instead of having freshclam, we have clamav-data from volatile which seems to work better, but are they missing out on anything by doing that? Does it lag a bit behind and download a bit more? Is there a third option, either another way of feeding clamav, or an alternative debian package, which you think people should consider?

1 April 2009

Sandro Tosi: Suggestion for personal backup solution

So, I bought this 1TB disk to backup mine (1x750GB + 1x75GB). Now what I need to find is a backup solution to use it.

What I'm looking for is not a damn complex program, with servers+clients+daemons+agents+satellites (it's just for my box), but something that allows me to:
Ok, they are a lot or requirements, almost in importance order.

What do you have to suggest to me about it?

I , by myself, am considering backuppc, amanda and bacula, while the latter seems a lot complex.

I wait for your reply :)

Nicolas Valc rcel: Guadalinex-Edu Beta Announcement

Guadalinex-EDU: New educational distribution based in Jaunty

Guadalinex Edu is a new GNU / Linux distribution developed by the Advanced Center for ICT Schools Management (CGA), initially created for use by the educational community of Andalucia, Spain which will be available for teachers and students within the domestic sphere. Guadalinex Edu distribution is equivalent to the future Guadalinex V6 citizen but oriented to the educational sector.

Looking for the highest possible level of stability in the distribution, the CGA will be releasing a beta version of the distribution, installable by anyone who wants it. The aim is to involve the educational community in the stabilization and development of Guadalinex Edu, before its deployment in local schools.

Guadalinex Edu Beta 1 is fully functional, but should not forget that this is a beta version which may contain errors from both: the applications included by the CGA in the distribution, and errors coming from the base distribution where it must be installed (Jaunty Jackalope Ubuntu 9.04), so it is not recommended for use in production computers and, in any case, it is recommend making a backup of important data before installation.

Within an ICT Center, Guadalinex Edu will take advantage of the network infrastructure and servers from the center to offer:

For domestic users, Guadalinex Edu is offered as a meta package to be installed on Ubuntu Jaunty and offers tons of applications like:

Plus all the benefits of Guadalinex:

And Ubuntu:

Installation instructions for home users are available here(In spanish)

If you have a Launchpad account, you can add comments and report bugs at the following addresses (if you do not have an account, you can register with Launchpad for one)

Comments:
https://launchpad.net/guadalinexedu/+addquestion

Bug reports:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/guadalinexedu

Original link in spanish here

Francois Marier: Safer synergy setup for laptop-desktop keyboard sharing

Synergy is a very useful piece of software for anybody wanting to share a mouse and keyboard between two networked computers.

Here is the setup I use to:
First of all, I've got the following ~/.synergy.conf on both of my laptop and desktop machines:
section: screens
mylaptop:
mydesktop:
end
section: links
mylaptop:
right = mydesktop
mydesktop:
left = mylaptop
end
section: options
keystroke(alt+shift+space) = switchInDirection(left)
keystroke(alt+space) = switchInDirection(right)
end

With this, I am ready to start the server on my desktop machine:
synergys -a localhost
Now, in order to encrypt the synergy client/server traffic, I create an ssh tunnel between the two machines:
ssh -f -N -L localhost:24800:localhost:24800 mydesktop
Then I start the synergy client on my laptop. However, some recent problems have convinced me to have a more robust alternative to simply starting the client like this:
synergyc localhost
As recommended by a few helpful people on #debian-devel, I decided to use the supervise tool (part of the daemontools package) to automatically restart the synergy client if it crashes. Here is how I do it:
supervise ~/.synergyc &
This command refers to a ~/.synergyc directory containing a single run script. That shell script consists of:
#!/bin/sh
xset r rate 500 30
/usr/bin/synergyc --no-daemon localhost

(The xset call is necessary since synergyc crashes seem to reset the repeat flag of X for some reason...)

The only problem I still need to fix in my setup is the potential password leak in the next few seconds after the synergy client crashes. Such a crash has already caused me to accidentally type my laptop password into a desktop IRC window the other day :(

Ideally, I would like the synergy server to swallow the first second or two of keyboard input after its client suddenly drops out. This could eliminate quite a few embarrassing wrong windows.

Gerfried Fuchs: Twitter: "technically wrong"

It's quite interesting. Twitter has this snippet in its registration page: By clicking on 'Create my account' above, you confirm that you are over 13 years of age and accept the Terms of Service. At least currently when you click it leads you to a page that says: Something is technically wrong. I'm very happy to accept that, but I have this strange feeling that it's not what they intended to have there...

Gustavo Noronha Silva: Joining Collabora

In other news, I am now working for Collabora! It is a great opportunity for me, and I will do my best to be on par with the great people that are now my colleagues. I have had the pleasure of working with Marco Barisione, and Pierre-Luc on WebKitGTK+, for some time, and some (most? =)) of them are also fellow Debian and GNOME developers, so I feel at home. Contributing to WebKitGTK+ and Epiphany is something I do as part of my job too, now, and I m not planning on dropping my volunteer contributions =). I have actually landed some patches, and worked on the 1.1.4 release with my @collabora.co.uk address already, and I hope the future holds more opportunity for such contributions!

31 March 2009

Sven Mueller: Link collection 2009/03

Well, I normally despise of thinks like this link collection, but I thought I might add it anyway, since these are useful links for me and if I don t post them here, I m likely to forget where to find them in the near future:
  1. Sean Finney has a nice post about storing the list of parameters a (shell) script got in a way that it can be restored later. Quite handy if your script walks through the arguments parsing them (and consuming them while doing so) but you want to be able to display them in a helpful way if the parsing fails at some point.
  2. A while ago, Ingo J rgensmann had a post that helps retrieving files from lost+found after a filesystem check, provided that you run his helper script on a regular basis. The same approach can also be used if you have a backup of all files, but lost the sorting work you did after the backup was done. This is possible because running the script can be done more often then you would normally do backups.
  3. He also has a small post about mtr oddities when IPv6 comes into play
  4. Adeodato Sim wrote about databases and when timestamps that store the timezone information really are more useful then timestamps that don t.
  5. Adeodato also has a short post on using ssh as a socks proxy, which can be quite handy if you are behind a firewall.
Update: Fixed link to Ingo s file retrieval from lost+found article. Thanks to Patrick Schoenfeld who pointed me at the wrong link.
Also thanks to the anonymous poster who found an alternative way to store and (in a way) restore commandline parameters. The solution doesn t work in an as general way as that by Sean Finney et al., but it is much shorter and therefore interesting for where it can be used (when you control how commandline parameters are processed). See comments on this post for details.

Gunnar Wolf: E-voting and paper-based-voting - UNAM teaches us how to achieve the worst of all worlds

As my Institute's sysadmin, I was appointed as the responsible for my Institute's certificate handling for today's voting session for the Universitary Council (Consejo Universitario). UNAM, Mexico's largest University, is moving towards an e-voting platform. I talked about this with our (sole) candidate for the Council, and she told me this has been used a couple of times already - And, as expected, it has led to having to repeat voting sessions, due in part to e-voting's inherent lackings: It is impossible to act on any kind of impugnation. The only thing we have is an electronic vote trail, no way to recount or to make sure that all votes got in. Besides, we had a perfectly antinatural and inadequate identification system, which means voter's identity have no way to be trusted. Besides, we still have all the traditional Universitary bureaucratic paper flow, which completely obscures any positive points this e-voting system might have had. Before going any further, if you are interested: There is a so-called security audit certificate for this system. In Spanish, yes. Take a look at it if you understand the language and want to crack some laughs. I will not make a detailed review of (what I could gather about) the setup. But to make things short: I had to go to the central administrative offices to get a CD-ROM with the monitoring station's SSL certificate. This certificate is tied to an IP address, so only one computer was able to be set up as a monitoring station. So far, so good. But, what is the monitoring station's real role? You will probably laugh. The voting session (at my Institute - Each dependency can specify its own opening and closing times) was from 10:00 and until 18:00. We were instructed to place this computer at a public location, from where: So, what is strange here? That there is a tremendous apparatus providing supposed security to... Information that is completely worthless. Just protecting a number that is, for all purposes, public. Oh, and the opening and closing of the booth - Of course, the system could have flaws during the process, or inject spurious votes along the way, or flip-flop the votes cast whichever way. But, did I mention votes? So far I have not mentioned how people are supposed to vote. Together with our last paycheck, we got a piece of paper with all of the needed information: A randomly generated, 10-character-long-with-mixed-case-and-symbols password, and the link to a web page2. This paper was folded, yes, but it was in no way secured - So, whoever wanted to have all of our passwords could just go through the bunch of papers and get them. Now, contrasting to the strong perception of physical security surrounding the oh-so-important monitoring stations, how can a person vote? Oh, sure, just fire up your favorite browser and go to https://www.jornadaelectoral.unam.mx/, produce your student number if you are a student or your full RFC3, select via checkboxes4, click on "submit", and voil , you have voted. From any location, from any machine. Yes, the University's population is largely itinerant, many people will be voting from abroad and all. It is good to give them a voice. But... At what price? Lets see... The security audit mentions the system is free from any malicious routine that can automatically alter the results and it has the minimum needed validations against spurious data injections from the most common Web browsers. However, if I am interested in modifying the results... I could put a trojan in a Faculty's laboratories, which modifies the votes sent by their users (students vote as well). Yes, I'd have to know how the system works, but lets accept security through obscurity does not work, and that this is a well-known system (as it has been used for over 3 years and is at version 3.5). PHP-based, for further points. Oh, and (if I recall correctly) a voter does not even get feedback as for which formula did he vote for, so no way of knowing if the computer really sent the information I requested. And given the low security for the password handling, I would not bet on it being worth much. Besides, this system was partly established to allow people voting from abroad - as long as they picked up their March 10 paycheck. That excludes anybody who has spent over three weeks away! Many other things can be said. Last detail: e-voting's main selling point is that the results are known instantaneously, and (if no paper trail exists) no tedious re-counting is ever done, right? Meet universitary bureaucracy. Technology changes, but processes don't. The Local Electoral Surveillance Commission has the responsability to enter once again the system after the vote has finished, and ask the server for the preliminary results. This consists of a tarball with the tally sheet (from the voters, who voted and who didn't), the total votes for each formula, and... one more file I don't remember. They also have to generate the signed legal documents where they testify to the received information. And then, ahem, they have to burn those files5 onto a CD-ROM, print them, and physically take them to the central administrative offices. Yes, take something from the server and get it to the server. For us it is not terrible (1.5Km can be readily done), but this same procedure must be done by people in other cities where there are University campii holding elections. How Nice! Anyway... Worst of both worlds. The inefficacies of a paper-based ellection, together with the unaccountability of an e-voting ellection, sprinkled with fake sense of security here and there. Bah.
  1. 1. Except that it didn't. I guess they didn't stress-test the server, so every couple of minutes it returned a connection error. Of course, the page would no longer self-update. And after noticing that, I (and nobody else but me) had to go and give the password and certificate for the system to continue to operate.
  2. 2. which is http://www.dgae-siae.unam.mx/ - The Schooling Administration General Direction (DGAE), an universitary body which has no relation with electoral issues. DGAE made available a poster detailing how to vote... But, again, lets ignore that fact for now
  3. 3. A nationwide ID number, largely derived from name and birth date data - Both numbers are often widely known, they cannot be considered private in any way.
  4. 4. Oh, for goodness sake... The "ballot" has 1..n options, and each has a checkbox, not a radio button. That means, you can select multiple options, which is of course invalid. Why? Because the electoral rules indicate that selecting more than one option in a ballot makes the ballot invalid, and thus, a way for making it invalid must be provided. Isn't logic beautiful?!
  5. 5. Want some more insight on what needs to be done? Take a look at the instructions. Don't forget paying attention to the lexicon used - We are still asked to count the votes, an impossible feat given the vote is 100% system-based - Quote: Los miembros de la CLVE realizar n, con base en el reporte del sistema, el c mputo de los votos depositados en la urna a favor de cada una de las f rmulas, declarando nulos los votos que procedan.

30 March 2009

John Goerzen: Kindle 2: How s It Going?

It s now been almost a month since I got my Kindle 2 and wrote about my first impressions of it. In that amount of time, I figure I have read, on the Kindle, the equivalent of 1500 to 2000 printed pages. I ll start with my personal reactions to the device, and then move on into some less subjective observations about it. What I ve Used It For To give you a quick idea of what I m reading: The Gut Reaction I want everything to be available on the Kindle, and I want to read everything on it. Whether that s just some excitement at a new device (still possible after a month, I guess), or something more lasting, I m still a little unclear about but I suspect it s something more lasting. I have read far, far more since I have had the Kindle than I had for quite some time prior, excepting a certain Hitchhiker s Guide to the Galaxy marathon one Christmas vacation. This leads me to think that the Kindle s main competitor isn t the Sony PRS-505, but rather the XBox, Wii, Netflix, and Hulu. Not that I watched that much TV to start with, but I haven t even been keeping up with the Daily Show since I got the Kindle. Not only that, but it prompted me to go to the local used bookstore (all proceeds go to charity) and buy a paper copy of David Copperfield for $10, so Terah could read it with me while I reread it on the Kindle. So it seems that Amazon s stats which show that people tend to read more once they get the Kindle, and don t cut down on paper book buying are about right in my case. Plus there s the fact that I ve loaded up the Kindle with over a hundred free books of all sorts of descriptions, some from Amazon s own free book catalog (extensive in itself), and others from Feedbooks, Gutenberg, or other places. That s taken up some time itself, and I now have achieved what I tend to achieve with all devices like this (iPod, MythTV, etc): more material than I can ever possibly get through. Why I Like It So, what exactly IS it about this thing that I like? Part of it has to be the size of the device. Granted, I wish the screen were larger, but even with the leather case, the device is a pretty nice size. I find that I keep two or three books that I m reading at the top of my list, and it s great to be able to carry around a single device and be able to select from a book as the mood strikes. Part of it is the built-in dictionary and search tools, which I ve already discussed. In the end, Amazon s execution of the concept is just done really, really well. It doesn t require some sort of proprietary Windows app like Sony s reader does. It doesn t even require a PC at all. It acts as reliable as a book, and that s something. The highlight/clippings feature is also pretty nice. You can highlight a section of text, which then causes it to be rendered with an underline on-screen just like you can underline something in a book. Better yet, when you re reading the book, you can call up a list of all such passages (as well as your bookmarks, etc), see them with an excerpt of text, and jump directly to them. No more need for millions of tiny pieces of paper marking a page that contains a marking. Even better than that, the Kindle creates a .txt (yes, plain text) file in the documents/ directory for you. Each time you bookmark or highlight a passage, it adds a little summary of the passage to that file, as well as information about the location of it. For highlights, the summary is the content of the highlight itself. So if you re going to go blog about the book later, there are a bunch of ready-made quotes you can cut-and-paste later. You can read that file both on the Kindle and on a PC. Sweet. So, I guess I would say that the Kindle makes it easier to read complex texts, and fun to read lighter ones. Availability of Content There are several ways you can get content onto the Kindle. The first, of course, is Amazon s own Kindle Store. Quite the clever bit of engineering there. You hit buy , and generally by the time you can walk over to the Kindle and pick it up, the book s on it, thanks to the integrated cell-network wireless modem. Subscriptions to newspapers and magazines work similarly each issue is automatically delivered in the middle of the night. However, it seems that the magazines such as New Yorker and Atlantic aren t exactly complete replicas of the print editions for some reason. The pricing of Kindle content is generally cheaper than paperback editions of books, but not by much. I think it should be more heavily discounted than it is, and part of that may be due to the large commission Amazon takes on things. Ironically, Amazon also has a tremendous array of free public domain and copyrighted books, and an equally staggering number of books available for under $1. For the classics, and other things out of copyright, my favorite place to turn is Feedbooks. They ve got ebooks available for download for just about any format, including Kindle, and generally do a good job of providing a real linked Table of Contents and the like. Kindle can read DRM-free content in .txt or .mobi format. I ve also built my own ebooks for the Kindle using Mobiperl. It takes an ePub source directory and makes a MobiPocket file out of it, which can be installed on the Kindle directly. For things I find on Project Gutenberg, GutenMark is a nice tool to create a good-looking HTML representation. I also use quote-fixer to help with my other pet peeve: straight quotes and lack of em-dashes on a device that can, and should, display both. Screen I m still of two minds about the screen. On the one hand, it doesn t give me eyestrain like reading on a PC, laptop, or cellphone screen does. Also, it looks remarkably book-like. A well-prepared Kindle etext feels so professional on the screen, so real, so lovingly-prepared, that it s fun to read. The Feedbooks David Copperfield is an excellent example of this, as is Houston Smith s Why Religion Matters. There are several things I don t like about the screen. One is that, while reading a book, it leaves a margin around the edge of the text. I can t figure out why it doesn t use all the available screen real-estate, especially since its built-in web browser does. Another is that, while not terribly reflective, it is still somewhat reflective, and glare from the sun or a light at a bad angle can make the screen unreadable unless you turn it a bit to a different angle. But my biggest gripe about the screen is that it s not as high-contrast as I d like. Still, I very much enjoy the Kindle, so I guess it s not as huge a problem as I think it could be sometimes. Pet Peeve I get really annoyed when I download content for the Kindle and discover that it doesn t have a linked Table of Contents (meaning I can click on a chapter and go directly to it). I m even more annoyed when it uses straight typewriter quotes instead of the angled typesetter s quotes or smart quotes . The Kindle is capable of beautifully rendering them, as well as things such as em dashes, and when I see what is obviously some cheap attempt at a conversion of some ancient ASCII document, rather than a proper attempt to make a good-looking book, I get annoyed. And so it was that I requested, and got, a $0.80 refund for my purchase of Sherlock Holmes: The Complete Collection and instead paid $3.60 for The Complete Sherlock Holmes. Yes, I could have spent a few hours converting all these from Gutenberg, but $3.60 is so cheap that it wasn t worth it. Customer Service Amazingly, Amazon s customer service for the Kindle is not their usual Asian form letter service. It s Americans, who seem to read, understand, and care about problems. I was pleasantly surprised. Too bad the rest of Amazon doesn t learn a thing or two from it. Conclusion I think the Kindle is worth it. It will pay for itself exceptionally quickly for people like me that don t live anywhere near a large library, and enjoy reading out-of-copyright material. Even if it doesn t pay for itself that quickly, the convenience of being able to carry several actively reading books with you on a single small device is pretty nice. No more pile of books in my suitcase for travel.

Gustavo Noronha Silva: WebKitGTK+ 1.1.4 released!

So, we have been able to keep up with releasing every two weeks. I can t say I emptied my wishlist for this release, but we did get a good load of good new features, and bug fixes. Go get it, and come back to read about what s new. Those of you who hate when you middle-click a link and it opens in another window will be glad to know that this version clears the only lasting missing piece of API required to allowing the browser to concede your wish. If you get irritated with weird scrolling behavior when using the keyboard, this release also fixes most of the remaining pet peeves, with a proper GtkBinding implementation for our WebView, done by Xan. Font rendering has also received some much needed love, and we have chased and killed most of the problems with WebKitGTK+ wanting to download stuff instead of displaying them because of bad headers provided by the server. There is still work to be done in this area, but most of it will probably go into libsoup, instead. You may have heard about HTML5 media tags support. Well, we have sharpened some of the rough edges of the code that already existed, making it able to play some basic ogg examples, such as the ones used by the Mozilla guys for testing. Now on to make 1.1.5 rock even more!

Russell Coker: Inhaling Petrol Fumes

Tonight at 6PM the channel 7 news will have a special report about the dangers of inhaling fumes while filling cars with petrol. I m blogging now because based on past experience I expect almost no technical content in the report and that the advert for the news show contains everything that is useful. The advert showed that they had used some film technique to show the fumes leaving the petrol tank while fuel is pumped in. It was obvious that the fumes were rising past the face of the man who was filling the tank. Not that this is really news, if you observe closely when fuel is pumped into a car you can see where the vapor escapes as the slight difference in density causes whatever is behind it to shimmer slightly. For a long time the Prius has had a bladder inside the fuel tank which expands and contracts to match the fuel volume [1]. This greatly reduces the evaporative loss of fuel when the car is parked and the ambient temperature changes and also when fuel is pumped in. So it seems that in regard to the issue of fuel vapor poisoning the driver, the Prius has been better than other cars for about 10 years. Apparently Toyota have developed a new system that they have implemented in the Hybrid Lexus and the new Hybrid Camry which involves vapor recovery , this is supposed to give similar benefits in terms of not releasing petrol fumes into the environment but without limiting the capacity of the fuel tank in cold weather (a common complaint about the Prius). I have not been able to find any technical information on how this works (please let me know if you know a good web page about it). The next issue is that any car which gives good fuel efficiency and has a reasonable size petrol tank will be better in regard to vapor releases. The less frequently you need to refuel your car the less fuel vapor you will inhale. I predict that channel 7 will not suggest that people drive fuel efficient cars, they are probably more likely to go for hand-wringing about the inevitable health problems, or make vague claims that the government should do something about it. The fact that the news show in question is immediately followed by Today Tonight (one of the tabloid TV shows) is an indication of the likely quality. A final issue is the puddles of fuel that you commonly see at petrol stations. People regularly spill reasonable quantities of petrol and Diesel fuel and it just accumulates on the concrete. It s not uncommon that I will have to drive with my car windows open after buying petrol due to the petrol that I stood in evaporating from my shoes. Apart from training people to not be stupid when refueling their vehicles I can t think of any way of solving this problem. A petrol station employee once told me that it s not uncommon for people to refuel cars with their young children standing within splash range of the fuel nozzle. If people can t manage to avoid splashing their children with fuel then it seems that it will be impossible to get them to do anything reasonable or intelligent regarding the refueling process.

Uwe Hermann: Coreboot hacking: How to solder a PLCC socket on your board

Desoldering station. When trying to port coreboot (previously LinuxBIOS) to a new mainboard you're often confronted with a big problem: the BIOS/ROM chip on the respective motherboard is soldered onto the board (i.e., not in a socket). This means that you cannot easily (hot-)swap the chip during development or for recovery purposes. So you basically have exactly one try to flash the ROM chip with a fully working/booting coreboot image. If that goes wrong your board is bricked. Desoldering the chip This makes it pretty much impossible to develop a coreboot port for such boards (and soldered-on ROM chips are becoming more and more common, unfortunately). However, I've recently tried to replace the soldered-on (PLCC) ROM chip on one of my boards with a socket. What sounds pretty scary at first, especially given that I have almost non-existant soldering skills, turned out to be really not that hard. Also, it can be done with relatively cheap and readily available equipment. I have written a short HOWTO for desoldering chips and soldering on sockets in the coreboot wiki, and also finished a video showing most of the process, which I hope will be helpful for others: Place the PLCC chip
The video is CC-BY-SA 3.0, music is taken from ccmixter.org and is CC-NC 3.0 licensed. Video editing was done using Kino (which uses ffmpeg2theora for Ogg Theora export). I also tried to upload the video to Vimeo, but first they told me to install the Flash 10 abomination (and there's no way I will do that). After browsing the help/forum pages a bit I found a traditional, non-flash upload form, but that then tells me that I cannot upload Ogg Theora videos. WTF? Soldering the socket The Ogg Theora video support feature request has been open for more that a year. Until that issue is fixed I'll just use other video services, thanks...

28 March 2009

Alastair McKinstry: Pkg-config and Modules

At ICHEC one of our tasks is to help users build their software on our supercomputers. Mostly we have to change paths, etc. in code bases that are used by a handful of scientists, and we don't want to exacerbate the hard-coded path problem. We also have multiple versions of certain libraries and compilers installed, which we select using modules: to do this, you select your software environment with e.g.
$ module load intel-fc/11.0.082  netcdf/4.0-intel
This selects the compiler version, and library version. Then, this places appropriate paths in $PATH, $LD_LIBRARY_PATH. While this is useful for selecting, eg. compilers, its often not great for many build processes that expect library paths, etc. hard-coded. I also dislike adding random environmental variables: it loses the Single Point Of Truth that describes the configuration. So I've come up with the following pattern. First, record the modules used (eg. library version) in config.log if configure is used. To do this, add the following to the autoconf file or system headers:
# AC_MODULES_OUTPUT
# -----------------
# Check if the system runs 'modules', and if so, record the modules environment in the config.log
AC_DEFUN([AC_MODULES_LIST],
[AC_CACHE_CHECK[modules output if present],[ac_modules_output],
(ac_modules_output= module list 2>&1 )
if test $? eq 0; then
 AC_MSG_RESULT([Output from 'module list' was:\n $ac_modules_output])
fi
])
Secondly, For all packages, ensure that a pkgconfig package file exists. For example, we have multiple MPI implementations on our SGI system. For MVAPICH, we have a modules file:
stokes2:~$ module show mvapich2-intel
-------------------------------------------------------------------
/ichec/modulefiles/mvapich2-intel/1.2p1:
module-whatis    MVAPICH2 1.2p1 (Intel 11.0.074) 
conflict         mvapich2-gnu mvapich2-intel 
prepend-path     PATH /ichec/packages/mvapich/1.2p1-intel/bin 
prepend-path     LD_LIBRARY_PATH /ichec/packages/mvapich/1.2p1-intel/lib 
prepend-path     MANPATH /ichec/packages/mvapich/1.2p1-intel/share/man 
prepend-path     INCLUDE /ichec/packages/mvapich/1.2p1-intel/include 
prepend-path     CPATH /ichec/packages/mvapich/1.2p1-intel/include 
prepend-path     FPATH /ichec/packages/mvapich/1.2p1-intel/include 
prepend-path     PKG_CONFIG_PATH /ichec/packages/mvapich/1.2p1-intel/share/pkgconfig 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
We add a file mpi.pc to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH for each MPI implementation. So, mpi.pc looks like:
# MPI pkgconfig file for mvapich2-intel
# Normally only used to get variables $prefix, etc.
prefix=/ichec/packages/mvapich/1.2p1-intel
exec_prefix=$ prefix 
libdir=$ prefix /lib
includedir=$ prefix /include
Name: mpi
Description: netCDF libraries, include files and development tools
Version: 1.2p1
Libs: -L$ libdir   -lmpichf90 -lmpich -lpthread -lrdmacm -libverbs -libumad -lrt
Cflags: -I$ includedir 
This then means we can add the following small patch to our target software (in this case a climate code COSMOS):
 #########################################################################
 #
 #  MPI message passing root directory of the chosen compiler
 
+  # Get default MPI ROOT from the pkgconfig file if possible
+  pkg-config mpi --variable=prefix 2> /dev/null > /dev/null
+  if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
+    MPIROOT= pkg-config mpi --variable=prefix 
+  fi
+
   if   [ $compiler = ifort ]; then
     export cc=cc
     if [ $CHAN = MPI2 ]; then
-       export MPIROOT=/sw/sarge-ia32/mpich2-1.0.4p1-pgi
+       export MPIROOT=$ MPIROOT:-/sw/sarge-ia32/mpich2-1.0.4p1-pgi 
     elif [ $CHAN = MPI1 ]; then
Such a patch is generic enough to be useful outside our institution, and means the code can build out-of-the-box on many systems. Now to add mpi.pc to Debian ... Tags , , , ,

Jordi Mallach: An update on GRUB2

Some time ago I wrote about the the state of GRUB2 and a milestone on getting it boot my Apple PowerBook G4 without manual intervention. More than a year later, GRUB2 has changed and improved a lot, as the community keeps growing and patches and ideas are continously being posted. Some months and commits after my previous post, GRUB broke again on Apple OpenFirmware and I'd get dropped to OF console, the amount of commits since the last known working version and the current SVN was quite big, and although I was able to narrow it to a few suspicious changes, I had no time to bisect it properly, and sadly I had to go back to yaboot for a while. But procrastinating sometimes helps, and when I should have been writing and studying, on December I gave GRUB a new try on my laptop to see if a few important changes to memory allocation would have changed anything. And it did! So after fighting quite a few problems, I was able to report partial success to grub-devel. Again, getting GRUB installed correctly was a bit challenging and needed some hackery, due to incorrectly generated device.map, and the linux module mysteriously not getting loaded. Luckily, Michel D nzer found out that this was due to a bug in sort ordering in the HFS module, which broke the lookup of files with underscores like _linux.mod, and for which he posted a possible fix by taking Linux's table of character ordering, which is a blob of hex values. GRUB developers didn't seem too happy about applying the patch: they argument that a blob like that should be well documented or written in some other more readable way, and there's a possible problem with the mix of Linux GPLv2 and GRUB GPLv3+ codebases, if a table of data like what Michel posted is actually copyrightable. The discussion ended up dying and nothing was done... until Pavel Roskin picked it up weeks later and posted a new patch, based on hfsutils GPLv2+ code, which addressed these issues. The new patch seems to have a few issues, which makes it fail as before, but hopefully it'll be fixed soon. Additionally, I wasn't able to boot using UUIDs as the search commands fails to detect the correct boot device on my system (but not on Michel's), so I had to disable that in /etc/default/grub. To workaround the linux module loading bug while the patch is fixed, I just added this ugly hack to /etc/grub.d/09_local_prelinux:
#! /bin/sh -e
# Work-around for bugs in the hfs module which makes the load of
# linux.mod fail.
cat << EOF
insmod (hd,3)/usr/lib/grub/powerpc-ieee1275/_linux.mod
insmod linux
EOF
This is enough to get the initrd and linux commands available. However, update-grub will still add search commands to your menu entries even if you disabled UUID support; I can't understand why, but I know it breaks on my PowerBook due to some OF rarety. Just removing the line from the menu entry will leave me with a working config that boots without any manual editing at GRUB prompt. The latest GRUB snapshot in Debian fixes the device.map issue, but adds one last issue: update-grub will fail due to some gfxterm detection code, a workaround is to replace an exit 1 with exit 0 when this happens in /etc/grub.d/00_header. On the weird architectures front, it's worth noting that this month Dave Miller popped up on the list and started posting patches to fix the rotten SPARC port, and I think it's safe to assume that it'll be on an usable state really soon. Impressive!

Matthew Garrett

"Open"Solaris. Especially ironic given that there's a 2-clause BSD implementation out there already.

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