Search Results: "nma"

23 July 2006

Martin F. Krafft: X cut-'n'-paste gripe

I sometimes wonder how amazingly b0rken the X window system is, and most of the time it's me swearing about cut-and-paste. Or is it by design that I open a terminal, select some text, close the terminal, and find the paste buffer to be empty? I can't imagine... I'll leave it at that for now and won't bitch about Firefox, OpenOffice.org, and most GTK apps with respect to pasting what I previously copied by selecting stuff with the mouse. Update: many people responded, pointing me to clipboard managers that work around the basic design limitation, because X "cut-n-paste" is actually more of a "drag-n-drop" implementation. Chris Siebenmann explained it best:
The short answer is 'by (bad) design'. The X people were reacting to the problem of not wanting to shove (potentially) large amounts of data into the X server and require the X server to hold onto things, so they designed cut & paste (the second time around) so that the program that created the cut had to hold onto the data.
The longer answer, with some history, is at
http://utcc.utoronto.ca/~cks/space/blog/sysadmin/XCutAndPasteHistory
In retrospect it's probably an over-engineered solution, and it does have the big flaw you ran into. (Arguably everything from that era of X is very complicated and overengineered.)
Other than that, I've also been pointed to the FreeDesktop ClipBoard standard. Somehow I doubt this will have any influence on Fluxbox in the short run.

19 July 2006

Andrew Pollock: [tech] All I've ever wanted was a networked printer

Sad, but true. Well, not so much networked, as attached to my Linux box... With Sarah going back to school, we needed a working printer. Numerous attempts at step-up transformer technology had met with failure, to the point where it was rapidly becoming more economical to buy a new printer. So we did. Today it arrived. We got a Brother HL-5250DN, for the princely sum of $230 from Amazon. Main reasons for going for it were it had built-in duplexing, like the Panasonic KX-P7100 it was replacing, but unlike the Panasonic, which I unfortunately discovered after purchasing, was a WinPrinter, the Brother is a full-blown PostScript/PCL printer. And it's network-ready to boot. Very sweet. It's very important to be able to telnet to your printer. It does the whole gamut of networky things (naturally the first thing I did after plugging it in was run nmap over it): FTP, Telnet, HTTP, SMB, LPD, IPP and JetDirect support. Oh, and SNMP. Awesome. It gave me a good excuse to have a quick tinker with CUPS, and now we can print from Linux, MacOS X, and Windows. Very nice. Much better than the stupid WinPrinter. Hopefully the consumables won't cost a fortune, and I wonder if A4 paper exists in this country?

18 July 2006

Jordi Mallach: Seventy years of the Spanish Civil War and the Spanish Revolution

A few months ago I wrote about the 75th anniversary of the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic which was celebrated throughout the state. That weekend I visited a fantastic exposition of Republican and Revolutionary war propaganda posters, in Segorbe.

Today, Spain remembers the beginning of the end. During the evening of the 17th of July and morning of the 18th, a group of generals of the Spanish regular army raised against the democratically elected left-wing government of the Republic. History says that the murdering of Calvo-Sotelo, a right-wing leader, was what finally provoked the conflict. It was no secret that the same right-wing and some elements in the army had been conspiring for weeks about an uprise. The only question was when, but the government was fooled by general Mola and didn't take really effective measures to prevent it.


Warning from sanitary authorities against venereal diseases Mola and Sanjurjo planned to start taking over official buildings and army quarters and quickly seize control of the major cities. During the first hours of their rebelion, they managed to take over most of the southern regions in Andalusia, Extremadura and parts of the Northwest, plus most of the islands and the Moroccan protectorate area. Meanwhile, the Republic did not manage to react quickly due to the weakness of the government, and in the first days of the crisis, the government changed a few times. Finally, the Republican parties decided that to defend the state they should give arms to the unions, and soon after many militia groups were getting organised in the cities, and columns sent off to liberate other towns.


Solidarity of Catalunya to the Basque front The insurrection was suffocated in Barcelona after some heavy fighting against the military in the Montju c castle; the Anarchists of the CNT grew strong in Catalunya and Arag n, and offered good resistance in those fronts. After the first days of the coupe d'etat, it was clear neither the legitimate government or the rebels calculated how things would go after the first days. The government was confident in being able to end the rebelion as they did four years before; the fascists thought they would have quickly brought down the government with a successful coup. But after the first week, the country was divided in two halves, and both sides of the conflict were keen on fighting, due to the big social fracture during the last months of the government. The Republic asked for help to the League of Nations, but the United Kingdom and France decided not to intervene, scared about the conflict trespassing the Spanish borders and becoming another bloody war in European fields. The only official external aid came from the USSR and the International Brigades, formed by volunteers of more than 50 nations. Some well-known personalities like Ernest Hemingway or George Orwell came to aid as well. Orwell wrote about his life-changing experience in a Barcelona immerse in the social revolution, where he joined the anti-stalinist socialist party POUM. Badly wounded in the neck, he left the front and went back to Barcelona, and witnessed the assault of the Telef nica by the communists against the anarchists, during the fets de maig, after which the POUM was declared illegal. Orwell captured his experiences in the frontline and Barcelona in his book Homage to Catalonia.


To defend Madrid is to defend Catalunya Franco and Mola, aided by the Northafrican troops and soon after by their fascist allies of Italy and Germany, didn't have big problems seizing the Basque Country and Asturies in the North, but not before making the town of Gernika disappear below the nazi Condor Legion bombing, in what would be a test for the massive aereal bombings of Word War II. The battle for Madrid was fierce, and the city wasn't occupied until the very last days of the war. The long defence of the capital made was immortalised in the famous phrase No pasar n.


Madrid's No pasar n During the war, anarchist groups controlling fields and towns in Arag n and Catalunya managed to bring a Social Revolution to the area. The people collectivised the land and industries, administered by local assemblies. This experience is regarded as the time when Libertarian Communism has been successful. The experience ended dramatically when the anarchists were treasoned and blocked by the communists, and eventually defeated by Franco at the front.


Each bullet for a target After the first and a half years, the fronts had stabilised in Madrid and the East of Andalusia, until early in 1939, Barcelona fell in Franco's hands, after the bloody Batalla de l'Ebre, being followed by Girona and the rest of Catalunya. The fate of the democratic state was clear. Two months later, Madrid fell and Val ncia and the small area still under Republican control surrended.


Robert Capa's Muerte de un miliciano Franco declared a totalitarian regime to, according to the fascists, reconcile the two Spains. In the first five years of the regime, up to 100.000 were executed in the franquist repression, including the Catalan president, Llu s Companys and many intellectuals. The dictatorship continued executing people until two months before Franco's death, 36 years later. Hundreds of thousands also had to exile in M xico, France and other destinations, leaving Spain in ashes, road gutters full of scattered bodies and the population facing famine. The cultural elite left the country, making the state's clock go back at least a decade. Their reconciliation really meant humiliation and repression. Many people were also murdered during the war behind republican and rebel lines, but the genocide of the aftermath had was unmatchable.


The Republic promoted education among the troups It is a bit late to restore the dignity of the victims, but not too late. Some associations have been fighting since the end of Franco's regime to get some kind of public recognition for their suffering, for their priceless fight for the legal and democratically elected Republic, for the people who didn't make it.


Excellent anarchist poster rejecting the politisation
of children by any of the three loyal groups Other people reject these efforts banning them of "revisionism". Not too surprisingly, these are the sons or grandsons of the people who won the war. The current government is about to pass a Historic Memory law which aims to give recognition to all these people who gave their lives for an ideal and freedom. Unfortunately, due to pressures from the right, it is probable that the text will be ammended to make it more acceptable by them. I fear it will end up not pleasing the victims at all. I have a passion for Spanish Civil War related matters, and in the last years I tried to use any opportunity to listen to my Catalan grandmother talk about war affairs in Barcelona, and my grandfather, from a town in the middle of the Republican side of the Teruel front, but born in a very catholic family, about how the war went on in Vall and the nearby mountains.


From the defensive No pasar n to the encouraging Pasaremos! I know my grandfather only told me the less compromising stories, like how he was sent to dig refuges until he was 16 and apt to fight in the Front, or how he was put in charge of hiding the church's valuable relics in a few barns. He never told me about how life was after the war in the small town. It is dramatic to see that all the people who were old enough to have a sense of what was going on at the time are so old that these unvaluable memories and stories will be mostly gone in ten years. (Most of the pictures are taken from the Sociedad Ben fica de Historiadores Aficionados y Creadores' website, which has a huge documented catalog)

Enrico Zini: Third day in Addis

Believe it or not, a network that fails often is the best thing to have when you are teaching network troubleshooting. Various tools useful for networking:
  • ifconfig - configure a network interface

  • dnsmasq - Simple DNS and DHCP server

  • host - DNS lookup utility

  • route - show / manipulate the IP routing table

  • arping - send ARP REQUEST to a neighbour host

  • mii-tool - view, manipulate media-independent interface status (IOW, see if the cable works)

  • nmap - Network exploration tool and security / port scanner Examples:

    # Look at what machines are active in the local network:
    nmap -sP 10.5.15.0/24
    # Look at what ports are open in a machine:
    nmap 10.5.15.26
    
  • tcpdump - dump traffic on a network It can be used to see if there is traffic, and to detect traffic that shouldn't be there.

Useful tip:
# Convert a unix timestamp to a readable date
date -d @1152841341
What happens when you browse a web page:
  1. type the address www.google.com in the browser
  2. the browser needs the IP address of the web server:
  1. look for the DNS address in /etc/resolv.conf (/etc/resolv.conf is created automatically by the DHCP client)
  2. try all the DNS servers in /etc/resolv.conf until one gives you the IP address of www.google.com
  3. take the first address that comes from the DNS (in our case was 64.233.167.104)
  1. figure out how to connect to 64.233.167.104:
  1. consult the routing table to see if it's in the local network:
  1. if it's in the local network, then look for the MAC address (using ARP - Address Resolution Protocol)
  2. if it'd not in the local network, then send through the gateway (again using ARP to find the MAC address of the gateway)
  1. Send out the HTTP request to the local web server or through the gateway, using the Ethernet physical protocol, and the MAC address to refer to the other machine.
Troubleshooting network problems:
  1. See if the network driver works:
  1. With ifconfig, see if you see the HWaddr:. If you do not see it, then the linux driver for the network card is not working. Unfortunately there's no exact way to say that it works perfectly
  1. See if you have an IP address with ifconfig. If you find out that you need to rerun DHCP (for example, if the network cable was disconnected when the system started), then you can do it either by deactivating/reactivating the Ethernet interface using System/Administration/Networking or, on a terminal, running:

    # ifdown eth0
    # ifup eth0
    
    If you don't get an IP, try to see if the DHCP server is reachable by running:
    $ arping -D [address of DHCP server]
    
  2. See if the local physical network works:

  1. With sudo mii-tool, see if the cable link is ok. If it's not, then it's a problem in the cable or the plugs, or simply the device at the other end of the cable is turned off.
  2. Try arping or ping -n on a machine in the local network (like the gateway) to see if the local network works.
  1. See if the DNS works:
  1. Find out the DNS address:

    cat /etc/resolv.conf
    
  2. If it's local, arping it

  3. If it's not local, ping -n it

  4. Try to resolve a famous name using that DNS:

    $ host [name] [IP address of the DNS]
    
  5. Try to resolve the name of the machine you're trying to connect. If you can resolve a famous name but not the name you need, then it's likely a problem with their DNS.

  1. If you use a proxy, see if the proxy is reachable: check if the proxy name resolves to an IP, if you can ping it, if you can telnet to the proxy address and port:

    $ telnet [proxy address] [proxy port]
    
    you quit telnet with ^]quit.
  2. If you can connect directly to the web server, try to see if it answers:

    $ telnet [address] 80
    
    If you are connected, you can confirm that it's a web server:
    GET / HTTP/1.0 (then Enter twice)
    
    If it's a web server, it should give you something like a webpage or an HTTP redirect.
When you try to setup a service and it doesn't work:
  1. check that it's running:

    $ ps aux   grep dnsmasq
    
  2. check that it's listening on the right port:

    $ sudo netstat -lp
    
  3. check that it's listening from the outside:

    $ nmap [hostname]
    
  4. check for messages in /var/log/daemon.log or /var/log/syslog

  5. check that the configuration is correct and reload or restart the server to make sure it's running with the right configuration:

    # /etc/init.d/dnsmasq restart
    
dnsmasq:
By default: works as a DNS server that serves the data in /etc/hosts. By default: uses /etc/resolv.conf to find addresses of other DNS to use when a name is not found in /etc/hosts. To enable the DHCP server, uncomment:
dhcp-range=192.168.0.50,192.168.0.150,12h
in /etc/dnsmasq.conf and set it to the range of addresses you want to serve. Pay attention to never put two DHCP servers on the same local network, or they will interfere with each others. To test if the DHCP server is working, use dhcping (not installed by default on Ubuntu). To communicate other information like DNS, gateway and netmask to the clients, use this piece of dnsmasq.conf:
# For reference, the common options are:
# subnet mask - 1
# default router - 3
# DNS server - 6
# broadcast address - 28
dhcp-option=1,255.255.255.0
dhcp-option=3,192.168.0.1
dhcp-option=6,192.168.0.1
dhcp-option=28,192.168.0.255
Problems found today:
  • changing the name of the local machine in /etc/hosts breaks sudo, and without sudo it's impossible to edit the file. The only way to fix this is a reboot in recovery mode.
  • dhclient -n -w is different than dhclient -nw
Quick start examples with tar:
# Create an archive
tar zcvf nmap.tar.gz *.deb
# Extract an archive
tar zxvf nmap.tar.gz
# Look at the contents of an archive
tar ztvf nmap.tar.gz
Quick & dirty way to send a file between two computers without web server, e-mail, shared disk space or any other infrastructure:
# To send
nc -l -p 12345 -q 1 < nmap.tar.gz
# To receive
nc 10.5.15.123 12345 > nmap.tar.gz
# To repeat the send command 20 times
for i in  seq 1 20 ; do nc -l -p 12345 -q 1 < nmap.tar.gz ; done

17 June 2006

David Pashley: Invalid Characters in Encoding with JAVA

Imagine you've got some text you've been told is ASCII and you've told java that it's ASCII using:
Reader reader = new InputStreamReader(inputstream, "ASCII");
Imagine your surprise when it happily reads in non-ascii values, say UTF-8 or ISO8859-1, and converts them to a random character.
import java.io.*;
public class Example1  
   public static void main(String[] args)  
      try 
         FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(args[0]);
         BufferedReader reader 
            = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, args[1]));
         String line;
         while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)  
            System.out.println(line);
          
        catch (Exception e)  
         System.out.println(e);
       
    
 
beebo david% java Example1 utf8file.txt ascii
I t rn ti n liz ti n
beebo david% java Example1 utf8file.txt utf8
I t rn ti n liz ti n
So, I hear you ask, how do you get Java to be strict about the conversion. Well, answer is to lookup a Charset object, ask it for a CharsetDecoder object and then set the onMalformedInput option to CodingErrorAction.REPORT. The resulting code is:
import java.io.*;
import java.nio.charset.*;
public class Example2  
   public static void main(String[] args)  
      try 
         FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(args[0]);
         Charset charset = Charset.forName(args[1]);
         CharsetDecoder csd = charset.newDecoder();
         csd.onMalformedInput(CodingErrorAction.REPORT);
         BufferedReader reader 
            = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, csd));
         String line;
         while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)  
            System.out.println(line);
          
        catch (Exception e)  
         System.out.println(e);
       
    
 
This time when we run it,we get:
beebo david% java Example2 utf8file.txt ascii
java.nio.charset.MalformedInputException: Input length = 1
beebo david% java Example2 utf8file.txt utf8
I t rn ti n liz ti n
On a slightly related note, if anyone knows how to get Java to decode UTF32, VISCII, TCVN-5712, KOI8-U or KOI8-T, I would love to know.

4 June 2006

Dirk Eddelbuettel: Sunburst Races Marathon 2006

Went to South Bend, Indiana, on Friday for the 2006 Sunburst Marathon yesterday morning. This is a smallish marathon with 600 runners, embedded in a half-marathon, 10k and 5k all of which start at the College Football Hall of Fame and end in the Notre Dame football stadium. Early 6:00am start, made worse by the fact that it is one time zone earlier too so I got up at 3:30am 'my time. Ouch. The race almost didn't start as a hazardous materials spill was announced right at start time. Luckily, that got taken care of and we were off and running at 6:15am. The first ten to twelve miles went pretty well and fast, and I slowed down a little afterwards. I started to pay for the fast first half with some oncoming cramps starting around mile 18. Somehow I managed to suppress the cramps with a combination of walking water stops, gatorade, gu (handed out by the race organisers a four or five water stops -- nice!) and sheer stubbornness and some more walking when needed. I had aimed to beat my Boston qualifying time of 3:20 -- and I did with a chip time of 3:17:48, which is also another PR and a nice improvement over the previous three marathons. So on to Boston for the one hundred eleventh Boston Marathon next April!

20 May 2006

David Pashley: Choosing Member Functions at Runtime in Java

Have you ever wanted to call a member function in your class, but not known what it will be at compile time? I'm writing a SAX parser and would like a function for every element name. I could write a massive switch statement in the startElement function, but this will quite quickly become unmanagable for a large schema. The alternative is to look to see if a particular member function exists and call it. To do this little bit of magic we need to use Java's introspection API. The first thing to do is to get a Class object for our class. We can do that by calling:
Class klass = this.getClass();
We can then look up the method we are looking for using Class.getMethod, but this function requires an array of types that the method we are looking for takes as parameters, so we get the right version of an overloaded method. We can do this with:
Class[] arguments =   Int.class, String.class, URL.class ;
Method method = klass.getMethod("foo", arguments);
Now we have our method, we can call it using the Method.invoke() call. This takes an object as the first parameter, which we can use this, and an array of Objects for the parameters.
Object[] values =  bar, baz, quux ;
method.invoke(this, values);
But what happens if our class has no member method called foo()? Well, Class.getMethod() will throw a NoSuchMethodException, so we can just throw a try/catch block around the code to deal with unhandled functions. It's worth pointing out that Class.getMethod() also throws SecurityException and Method.invoke() throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException and InvocationTargetException, so you'll want to catch Exception too. We can chain some of these calls together and the result for my SAX parser is:
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes atts) 
            throws SAXException  
   try  
       Class[] argTypes =   String.class, String.class, String.class,
               Attributes.class  ;
       Object[] values =   uri, localName, qName, atts  ;
       this.getClass().getMethod("startElement_" + localName, argTypes)
               .invoke(this, values);
     catch (NoSuchMethodException e)  
       log.debug("unhandled element " + localName);
     catch (Exception e)  
       e.printStackTrace();
    
 
With this arrangement, when I want to handle a new element in my code I can just make a function like:
public void startElement_foo(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes atts)
            throws SAXException  
   ... 
 

6 May 2006

Martin F. Krafft: How they do it

Previously, I wondered how the Myanmar government blocks SSH on port 443. Sean Furey took the time to point out to me that sshd sends a banner when a client connects, before the SSL session is started. I forgot that. The Myanmar government, or rather Bagan Cybertech, which owns the Internet monopoly in the country (and is run by the government), uses Squid as a cache and content filter for port 80, so I thought they also use it on port 443 (as a CONNECT-proxy). But I cannot find of a way to make Squid prevent SSH-over-port-443, so they seem to be using some other content filter, which wouldn't be hard to write, after all. Sean proposes to tunnel SSH over SSL, using stunnel (or the like), and this seems like a cleaner approach than his other suggestion, which is to delay the banner. In both cases, however, client support is needed, and I cannot see how PuTTY (the traveller's friend) can do it. Update: of course, the delay approach does not need client support. Ryan Lovett pointed me to AjaxTerm and AnyTerm, which both establish SSH connections from the webserver, and use Ajax to push the session to the web browser, where it can be interactively used. I'll have to try that the next time! And I should finally get the DNS tunnel working again!

Martin F. Krafft: Back home

My last day in Bangkok is hardly worth writing about, I mostly ran around meeting people and trying to get the last things done, before getting on the plane at 23:30 that night. I did meet the Jim Thompson retail manager and had an interesting two and a half hour lunch with her (she is quite a character, and it won't be the last time I've visited her), subsequently went to visit the Jim Thompson museum. Then, I stopped by the dreadful Khaosan Road to pick something up for a friend and left as quickly as I could. The "tourist centre" of Bangkok is now even more horrible than the last time I went there, buzzing with improperly dressed (sex and beach) tourists, and lined with shops ripping them off. I found myself getting rather annoyed watching this crowd, who are all representatives of the West and are thus painting quite a despicable picture. Coming back to the hotel, I still wasn't allowed to take a shower by the unfriendly hotel staff, but was lucky when an englishman heard my cries and offered his room for a quick rinse. Feeling a lot better, I made my way to the airport and passed the three hours waiting time with my new Murakami book. The flight itself was okay, despite the Swedish couple next to me. Apparently it must have been their first long distance flight, and they could not get enough "free drinks," so while the guy was stashing away cans of beer into his bag, the girl ordered a beer, whiskey on the rocks, and red wine all at the same time, then kept complaining to her boyfriend that she wasn't feeling well. As I was sitting on the aisle, I had to get up to let one of them out every 15 minutes or so (they refused to climb over me), so you can imagine how I felt when we finally landed in Vienna, 11 hours later. At least they have excellent coffee at the airport to soothe the pain, and by the time I learnt that my Swiss flight back to Zurich was delayed by almost two hours, I had already stopped worrying and just took everything with a smile. So now I am back home and somewhat sad. Running over to the supermarket to fill the fridge for the weekend was depressive, and I am sort of reluctant to catch on with real life again, but who wouldn't be after any vacation. Enough whining... My cousin and travel companion on last year's trip to Southeastasia found it amusing that my previous travel reports continuously switched between expressions of displeasure with a certain sight, and statements that I'd have to return soon. Both are true; I have been disappointed a number of times during the time in Myanmar, but I attribute that largely to following the "beaten track," the route all tourists go. Now that I've seen the most popular sights, I am ready to get off the beaten track the next time and get to know the country as it really is, not as it has been shaped to meet the demands of tourists. As I stated before, I have much more to say about my trip than I am willing to do publicly. In case you are interested in my thoughts, please drop me a line and let me know briefly how I know you, or why you are reading my blog anyway, just so I can make sure that I know who'll be reading my comments. If you have gotten an email from me, advertising the blog before the trip, you need not let me know. But before you get your hopes up, these aren't going to be revolutionary thoughts I have to keep away from the public; instead, they are just personal ramblings, not censored for the general public.

4 May 2006

Martin F. Krafft: Back to Bangkok

I spent my last evening in Yangon at "Sandy's Myanmar Cuisine", a wonderful restaurant (albeit a little pricey, I paid $10 for appetiser, main dish, and two beers) overlooking the Kandawgyi lake, attached to the Yangon Kandawgyi Palace hotel; dinner was duck eggs filled with minced prawns, followed by boiled snake-head fish, wrapped in moringa leaves. Quite delicious, although I would have really liked to try their pig ear salad, but they rightfully alerted me that their pig ears weren't fresh. Afterwards, I treated myself to perhaps the second-best back massage I've ever received (the first one was delivered by a massage therapist from Berkeley, whom I had met on the boat down the Mekong to Luang Prabang last year. Before the airport the next morning, I made a stop at the Yangon MICT, specifically the Myanmar Info-Tech company, to meet William, the Myanmar Linux Guru #1. Unfortunately, he was busy at the 5th Myanmar ICT week, so I sat in one of the talks instead and was very pleased to learn that there is an active (but small) group of people working hard on localisation of Pango to the Burmese and Pali languages (the latter being the ancient Buddhist language, and the acceptance of the Burmese character set into Unicode 4.0. I exchanged email addresses with a few of the folks involved, who were well familiar with Debian and Ubuntu, and rather interested in teaming up. I'll forward their addresses to the localisation people as soon as I get back. With still some time left before check-in, I enjoyed my last Myanmar-style breakfast -- Mohinga -- which is a spicey fish soup with noodles, and definitely the best way to start the day; I'll miss it. At the airport, I was getting mildly annoyed once again at their security procedures, which in part required everyone to surrender their gas lighters. Of course, I had four of those on me and in my hand luggage, but when I refused to give them all of them, pointing to the smoker's lounge on the far side of the security check, they held their heads low and gave in. I bet they do this primarily to sell the lighters for some cash on the side, given that nowhere else in Myanmar, or flying to Myanmar, I was asked to do the same. My chaotic self managed to also leave the info brochure from the Info-Tech company, as well as the slides from the talks at the immigration counter, which promptly got me into a questioning by the military as to what kind of documents these were (they cannot speak English in general). With the help of a local, I told them all about localisation and they seemed impressed, but when I finally got on the plane, I guess I felt somewhat of a relief to be outside this tightly-controlled country again. I landed in Bangkok and took a taxi to the hotel, only to discover that thanks to a power outage and the crappy Internet connection back in Mandalay, I had managed to book the wrong one. Instead of central Sukhumvit, I am now staying at Soi 57, which is 4 km further outside of the city. That wouldn't be a problem, for the sky train station is right in front of the hotel, but the staff have not had a lesson in friendliness and generally barked back rather than answering my requests. Plus, since my flight tomorrow is only at 23:30 and I requested to take a shower at 20:00 before taking off (having otherwise checked out and cleared my room), they simply shoved a sign into my face which stated that check-out after 16:00 hours would cost a full day's room rate, and that they did not have any showers available otherwise. Screw that. I'll make sure to let asiarooms.com know in the form of a review. Having settled, and with a bunch of Thai Baht left to spend, I headed for the center, bought myself another Murakami book ("Hardboiled Wonderland and the End of the World"; I seriously love this author), and then proceeded to spend money as fast as I could -- and I am not good at that. I got another massage, bought some bamboo plates and one of those gravity-defying wine bottle holders, a bunch of DVDs, had dinner, and then didn't feel like anything more, so I went back home. As usual, coming back to Bangkok is quite a disappointment (while arriving at Bangkok at the beginning of a trip is a thrill). The city is busy, dirty, and noisy, it's all comparatively expensive (even if you bargain hard), and people are so much more into making money that it's not really possible to get in touch with locals. Then again, I cannot figure out whether my disappointment stems from the shopping mode (into which I was put by several requests to bring back stuff), this being the end of my vacation, or just being back in a metropole after so many rural days. Almost no plans for tomorrow. I might have to make my way to the dreadful Khaosan Road to pick up some student IDs for friends, I would like to (finally) see the snake farm, and I have a lunch appointment with the retail manager of Jim Thompson (the famous silk exporter), who happens to be a friend of Adam, the guy I met in Mandalay, and who introduced me to her -- no worries, I am not getting into the silk business, nor will I spend money there, but the lady is supposed to be quite a character and fun to talk to. Why not? If I wake up, it'll be Tai Chi in Lumpini Park at around 5:30, and if there's time in the afternoon, I'll make my way up north to the biggest market of Bangkok (don't have the name handy). In general, not such an exciting day, waiting to return to Europe. Sigh.

3 May 2006

Martin F. Krafft: How do they do it?

Ever since I entered Myanmar, I could not connect to my SSH server anymore. I had anticipated port 22 to be blocked, so I bound sshd onto port 443, which the government (would like to but) cannot block. Nevertheless, the connection times out. Is it really conceivable that they employ a content filter that can separate HTTPS traffic from other encrypted traffic? Isn't SSH also just an SSL connection before the session negotiation commences? I really wonder what they do, and even more how I could get around it. Obviously, a TCP- or IP-over-HTTPS tunnel would do, but I don't have access to one right now.

Martin F. Krafft: Money issues

I suck at spending money, and three hours on the market saw me spend not even 10'000 Kyats ($7.50). So I gave up and took a taxi to a nearby orphanage, where I left all my remaining money minus the small amount I was going to need for dinner tonight and the taxi to the airport tomorrow, which I thought was still in the safety deposit at the hotel. Yeah well... thought. I still have small dollars, but with those, you end up paying too much all the time, so instead I went out on the quest to change some money with the street touts. Normally, if you are walking the streets, you'll have someone approach you with "change money" every few metres, and it gets quite annoying. Of course, over time, you develop methods to deal with them, ranging from avoiding eye contact, walking fast, and simply answering their usual introductory questions ("how are you?" or "where do you come from?") with "no, I don't need any money". But of course, when you are actually searching for someone to change money, nobody comes up. I just spent an hour roaming the streets without a single tout approaching me. And when one finally did, I was surprised at what happened to the rate. He offered 1'300 Kyats for the dollar, when it was 1'450 this morning, and 1'400 while I was on the market. Naturally, I told him to get a grip and fortunately soon found the next one, who explained to me that the dollar is now at 1'200, but he'd be so gracious as to offer me 1'250. Yeah right. The next one, shortly afterwards, also offered 1'250, and so did the forth and fifth, with whom I then made the exchange, having grown tired of the search. What I find pretty amazing is how the word spreads. There are hundreds of those money changers all over the place, and if the rate really dropped by 200 Kyats in a single day (which my hotel confirms), then it's pretty cool how quickly everyone finds out. The Southeastasian countries never cease to amaze me. On a related issue, more infos on the beggars question: I enjoyed a cup of tea with a former professor of English at the Yangon University, and I asked him how Myanmar people deal with beggars of both kinds, the stationary (and less obnoxious ones), and the ones who keep pestering you for minutes on end. He pretty much gave me the same answer I had received the other day: "I have some, and they don't, so I give". Since the Portuguese traveller has not linked up with me so far, I guess that settles the debate for me. Thanks for reading along.

Martin F. Krafft: Eventful times in Yangon

The last 18 hours have been quite eventful, including a mugging, an accident involving first aid, two more confrontations with the military, a visit to the university, and a monk drowning a fly. Fortunately, the heat has gone down quite a bit, the thermometre at the pharmacy now measuring 44 degrees in the shade. When I left the Internet cafe yesterday in the early afternoon, thick clouds covered the sky and it was starting to become quite bearable. Thus, I decided to visit Shwedagon Paya that afternoon, but not before getting a massage (for $3), which was duly necessary after the two hours of almost continuous typing during the hottest hours. I reached the pagoda sometime around 16:00 and almost got into a fight with the ticket office. Admission is $5, and since I am keeping my dollars until all the Kyats are spent, I was asked to pay 8000 Kyats. The current exchange rate (which fluctuates +/- 50 Kyats per day, it's very unstable) is 1450 Kyats to one dollar (it was 850 just one month ago), so I'd have to pay a little more than half a dollar more if I paid in local currency. The lady tried to tell me that she's paying 1550 or 1600 for $1, so I tried to tell her that she better find some other exchange place because she's being ripped off. After ten minutes of a heated discussion, I turned around to leave and she finally settled for 7500 Kyats. You may wonder why I make such a fuzz about 500 Kyats, but the reason is simply that the money goes to the government, which I don't want to support unless I have to. The pagoda itself is quite impressive, rising 100 metres into the sky from atop a sixty metre high. In as such, you can see this pagoda from many places in the city, unless enclosed by tall buildings that usually line the streets. It's said to contain the hairs of Buddha, from when he shaved his head to go and contemplate under the tree in the forest for six years at the age of 29 years, while in Bagan I was told that Buddha threw his hair into the sky, where it hovered and bring luck as long as it remains up there. I suppose he had to shave more than once, so the theories can both hold. I had a guide show me around, but I ended up knowing more about Myanmar history and Buddhism than him, so it was kind of a joke when he asked me for $5 afterwards. I gave him a lecture that he needs to announce his price beforehand and gave him $3, then left him protesting. Again, I am not here to rip people off, but I also won't pay $5 for a half hour tour, when the guide should instead be at home and reading books about the stuff he told. Still, I found the pagoda quite impressive, even though the overcast sky prevented me from seeing the sunset, for which it is famous among tourists. I would come back again at night to watch the supposedly beautiful lighting after dusk, and headed back to the city, with a number of detours thanks mostly to hopping on the wrong busses. As I mentioned before, "yes" apparently means "no" and "yes" and "I don't understand" and "thank you" and almost anything else, if used as a response by a not-so-fluent Burmese. For dinner, I treated myself to a somewhat expensive Sushi dinner, came back to the pagoda to watch the evening life of families and couples strolling clockwise around the stupa (resembling a little the evening family strolls in small Italian cities), found the lighting too bright and still boring, and made my way to the hotel, on foot because I only had a $20 note on me, which is useless when trying to pay for a taxi. ... and then I was mugged; not by some evil Burmese or one of the many muslims living in the city, but by two American rednecks, who apparently ran out of money (and it's very hard to get more without going across the Thai border) and were desperate enough to threaten me with a knife. I really didn't feel like a hero and prepared to hand over the $20 bill, when I saw a military truck drive up the road behind their backs, and remembered the Burmese call for help ("Keh-ba!"), which I shouted just as they were about to pass. The rednecks tried to make a run but had no chance (the military did not even think about using guns, they just called out to a police man at the end of the street, in the direction the rednecks were running). There was not much discussion, the two were loaded onto the truck, and the police officer then explained to me that those guys will be held in prison for two weeks before handed over to their embassy for further prosecution in the US. He asked me if I wanted to press charges against them, in which case they could get sentenced to up to ten years in prison in Myanmar for use of a weapon against civilians (with no right to a lawyer or help from the embassy), but I declined. Curiously, just in the morning, I had read a bit in a doctorate thesis on Myanmar prison life in the bookstore on Merchant Street at the corner of 38th, and it was obvious that the next two weeks for them were going to be hell on earth and enough of a punishment for their misdeed. While handing over my passport, I was assured that the "prisoners" were not going to find out my identity (and I doubt they'll find this blog), and with still somewhat shaky legs and a slight feeling of guilt, I climbed in the back of a police truck to take me to the hotel, wondering a little about how friendly and cool the police were towards foreigners. The next morning, I rose early to confirm my flight reservation and make some arrangements for tomorrow's departure, then headed off to the university by public bus in the hope to talk to the folks at the computer science department about Linux, and to hand over some of the Ubuntu CDs I have left. In Mandalay, it was not possible for me to set foot on the campus, and here in Yangon it would not have been much different, had I not met a zoology professor on the bus, who took me to the campus and refuted everyone's claim that I could not enter. Instead, she called the computer science head professor, who then explained to the officials that she had been waiting for me and would come and pick me up. While waiting, I witnessed a Burmese student just falling to the ground and ran over to help -- nobody else did. With the military folks chasing me (I had not thought about that), I didn't actually have to explain a lot when I knelt down next to the guy, obviously trying to help. The officials just stood close by and watched my every move, as I scrambled to remember my first aid training, diagnosed the guy with a heat stroke, or something in that direction (no sweat, very hot forehead, rapid pulse, white face, mild seizures, uncontrolled movement of the eyes, and delirious lulling), and gave orders to the bystanders to help me carry him to the shade, get water (I had some electrolyte rehydrating solution left), sugar, to have someone fan his head, and someone else call a doctor. Nobody understood anything of what I said until another student with very good English skills translated. Nevertheless, noone wanted to get a doctor because it was too expensive, so I offered to pay the charges and off they went, and I handed over 10'000 Kyats (more than enough) to the translating student with instructions. In the meantime, the computer science professor had arrived, and took me to her office, where I found out that the university is already using Red Hat to teach some of their courses, that she's the vice president of the Myanmar Computer Professionals Association, and that she's also a member of the Myanmar Linux Users' Group. She set up a meeting for me with the founder of this group tomorrow morning, and I proceeded to show off Ubuntu's Live CD to her, and to explain the benefits of Debian over Red Hat, which she understood very well and seemed delighted, because "dependency hell" has been a major problem for them in the past. I left her with half a dozen CDs and information on how she could obtain more, then had lunch with two of the teachers (where I witnessed a monk drowning a fly into his soup while laughing! Imagine that!), who wouldn't let me pay no matter how hard I tried. Upon leaving the campus for the city centre an hour or two later, I was informed that the guy had recovered and was okay, and the officials gave me 3000 Kyats, which I suppose must be the return money from the doctor. Another instance of honesty. I'll spend the afternoon strolling over the market to spend some of my excess Kyats (the rest of which will go to an orphanage), probably get another massage, and finally take in my last Burmese dinner, together with the Burmese white wine I had picked up at the vineyard on the way to Taunggyi, possibly accompanied by the Portuguese traveller I had met before in Bagan and Inle, who's now in Yangon as well... ... which is good, because I found a new argument pro beggars the other day, as I was resting at a street tea shop: I witnessed plenty of Burmese people handing money to a bunch of beggars on the other side of the street. One benefactor then came over to the tea shop, sat down at the table next to me, and answered my question as to why he just gave them money with a simple "because I have some at the moment, and they do not." To me, it could not have been more convincing, and by now, the only argument against supporting beggars is the one raised by the Portuguese: if begging is lucrative, people will give up their self-sufficieny in the countryside and come to live on the streets in the city, in the hope for more money. I'll be looking forward to tonight's discussion. Tomorrow's my day of departure (after meeting the Linux Users' Group founder at the MICT park on the way to the airport), and I'll be in Bangkok for 24 hours before going home. And already the thought of Bangkok makes me sad, because it surely was a great trip in this lovely country, even though I wasn't always happy with how it turned out. I'll be back.

Martin F. Krafft: Myanmar security

I guess following the bomb attacks from last year, the Yangon people have stepped up security procedures, requiring your bags and body searched at all major hotels, business, and shopping places. I find it amusing though, that they run the metal detector once down your body, and whether it beeps or not, that's all. It always beeps due to my cellphone, but they never made me take it out or felt it. Airport security is similar. I have no problems taking my pocket knife in hand luggage, and they don't make a fuss about people putting things from their pockets into their bags, after they have been scanned, and before the body is searched. Very effective.

2 May 2006

Andres Salomon: rock n roll professionals

I was listening to a DJ Shadow album, “Preemptive Strike”, and recognized one of the songs. The track “High Noon” was from (or included samples of) a Therapy? album called Lonely, Cryin’, Only. I was curious whether Therapy? had originally written the song, or whether both were covers, so I dug around Therapy?’s site a bit and discovered this gem: “Here’s an example of how strange it can be. About a month ago we got a call from DJ Shadow’s management. He’s releasing a DVD and wanted to know if we would give permission for him to include a section of our cover of ‘High Noon’, a song he wrote! Apparently he uses it in his live set and needed clearance from us. How screwed is that? He’s asking us if we allow him to use a section of a cover of a song he wrote! Bizarre.” The music industry is a strange place.

Martin F. Krafft: Yangon

I am nearing the end of my trip, and have arrived in Yangon late yesterday. Fortunately, as I got to the airport, there was yet another change in schedule, and I only had to make one stopover in Mandalay as opposed to a second one in Bagan. And if it hadn't been for the French package tourists, wo were nasty (= unwashed, or with a really bad perfume), smelly (I think they all suffered from diarrhoea and couldn't control their exhausts) and rather obnoxious (= loud, and unwilling to speak English, aggrevating themselves why the Burmese wouldn't talk French to them), I might well have enjoyed the trip. I did finish Murakami's book as we touched down in Yangon, and I really enjoyed it. Give it a week, then I'll know whether it has replaced "Wild Sheep Chase" as my favourite of his books. One problem overshadowed the entire day, nevertheless, and I think it must relate to bad food the night before at the Four Sisters Inn in Nyaung Shwe (not meaning to badmouth them, such things can happen): Around noon, I started feeling nausea every now and then, and my stomach apparently meant to tell me that something's not right, my belly feeling hot to the touch. I was then sure I'd come down with another food poisoning, but so far (24 hours later), my body has not revolted yet and the symptoms are fading, so maybe it's strong enough to cope without sending me to bed for a day. Which would be rather unfortunate. The hotel, which I prearranged over the Internet, is nice, and in a very good location. Upon arrival, I tried to score new reading material at one of the bookstores but found them closed already, so I ate some food at the market (not giving my stomach a break, really), had a couple of beers at a small bar, and finally fell asleep to a crap action movie involving a kidnapping and many cellphones on the TV, with the intention not to get out of bed until I could not sleep anymore. And that I did. When I finally went to breakfast, it was almost 9 o'clock, which is averagely three hours later than the last two weeks, and tried to figure out what to do for the day. Of course, I am haunted by bad spirits because even here in Myanmar, which is not socialist (anymore), the first of May is still a holiday, meaning that most sights and shops (including the ENglish bookstore) are closed for the day. I'll thus consider just roaming the streets, getting out of the heat at noon to watch a movie at the cinema (which is supposed to be a big event on holidays), write some more blog entries, and then possibly hire a guide for Shwedagon Paya towards the evening, 2-3 hours before sunset. Thanks for reading along.

1 May 2006

Martin F. Krafft: PR and the blog

My last entry from Bagan (which was a little too emotional in retrospect) got me an email response, stating that I am making too much fuzz about bringing clothing to Myanmar, especially because the amount really wasn't that much. And that it seems as if I am only carrying clothing to this country for PR reasons. It is true that I talk about this "mission" a lot, but it is also true that it means quite a bit to me, and that I am (or rather have been) going through some pains to accomplish it. And while I cannot deny a selfish component in what I am doing, the purpose is not PR, but rather the satisfaction I get from helping others. In that sense, altruism and egoism are very closely related for me. Apart, I am posting my thoughts to my blog, which is read by two kinds of people: those interested in what I am doing, and the readers of Planet Debian. The first group are invited to read as much as they want, which is what makes blogs -- a pull medium -- a very nice vehicle for a travel diary. I realise that the second group, the readers of Planet Debian, are somewhat involuntarily subjected to what I write. I have been encouraged by many people to post travel impressions to Planet Debian, as well as others are encouraged by many (including myself) to post off-topic stuff as well. It adds to the diversity, and renders Planet Debian as a great means to support us all and adds to the values of our community (which is more than a bunch of geeks hacking away, but has quite a bunch of social components). In addition, Planet Debian readers are certainly experienced with deleting or ignoring posts they don't care about, so I do not feel particularly guilty or imposing. I hope that my feelings here are on spot.

Martin F. Krafft: No lake for me

I am scheduled to leave Inle today for Yangon; that is to say, I was scheduled to leave to Yangon on a noon-time flight, and despite confirmation yesterday, this morning the flight was cancelled. Fortunately, I managed to get one in the late afternoon, but instead of a direct flight, I have to go via Mandalay, Bagan, and then Yangon instead. Fun fun fun. This also means my stay here at Inle Lake is almost over, and I have not even seen the lake. That was a conscious decision, simply the weather is quite bad, rain in the morning, and a drizzle most of the afternoon, and without a view of the surrounding mountains, there really was little incentive to subject yourself to tourist treatment on a loud boat, while unable to move and getting soaked. Despite the weather, I did pass a rather pleasant day yesterday. I joined the crowd at my hotel on a trip to Taunggyi, from where they continued to Kalak; I didn't have much interest in seeing this place, so I was to stay in Taunggyi and catch a bus back. Before we got there, though, we stopped over at a vineyard run by a German, which serves three "okay" wines made from French Shiraz and Italian Musquat grapes, which they grow here in Myanmar. After a wine tasting at 8:00 o'clock in the morning, we continued to Taunggyi, where is was raining unpleasantly, so I had only a short stroll across the huge market, then set off to find the cheroot factory (cheroots are a local type of cigarettes; see below), as well as the Shan museum and library. Unfortunately, all three were closed for the day, it being Saturday and market day and all. If it hadn't been for a short encounter with the military, I would have to admit that my trip to Taunggyi was pointless. I have yet to find out what actually went on in Taunggyi, but it seems that some important government people got together, while the police and military secured the area around it. My bus was about to leave, so I insisted to go the direct route and found myself accompanied by five armed soldiers, walking in a pentagonal shape around me. As we passed the Pagoda with the convention, I dared to take a peek but was immediately commanded to keep my head straight and not look. I caught the bus in time and enjoyed a one and a half hour ride back to Nyaungshwe, the town in which I am staying, perched on a rather small pickup truck with 31 other passengers. I guess you have to see it to believe it, but this sort of mass transport is common in most Asian parts, especially India. I got back in time to run some errands (like post a little present to Eddy back in Pyin Oo Lwin) and met a canoe driver around 15:30 for a three hour ride among the canals running virtually everywhere in the town and through the rice fields. The first stop was another cheroot factory, where I was introduced to the art of rolling these local cigarettes. They use some rather coarse tobacco, roll it up in a bamboo leave, which is glued in place with glutinous rice. As filter, thin bamboo wood is rolled up tight and rolled together with the tobacco. It takes the women working at the factory around 15 seconds to make one cheroot; it took me almost 15 minutes to make one. :) We continued, and my driver was all too keen about showing off the peculiar rowing style developed by the Intha people (those who inhabit the lake and surroundings) to decrease the strain on their arms: they stand on one leg, hold the padel in the arm on the other side, wrap the other leg around it, and then kick the padel in and through the water, while keeping a good balance. I wanted to try, but the driver would not let me, and it's probably better that way or else I would have most likely gotten really wet. Returning from three hours of canoeing, my arms and back ached, and I was dreaming of a shower and a massage when I ran into the Portuguese globetrotter from Bagan by chance and we decided to have dinner instead. Ending a lengthy discussion with whiskey at around midnight, I struggled to find my way back home, the streets being completely unlit (we've been without power for a while), my torch back in the hotel, and the whiskey skewing my sense of direction. I did eventually find the hotel, must have passed it several times looking for the sign, and was all too ashamed to wake the owner to let me in. My plan for this morning was simply to sleep in, eat breakfast, then go to the airport, but the couple next door to my room forgot to take the snooze function off their alarm clock before going to breakfast at 6:00, and with bamboo walls, the sound carried perfectly well. But I considered it no biggie, got up, ate, headed for a massage, and then was lucky to have some time to make arrangements for my next flight, after discovering the one I was supposed to take had been cancelled. So now, with four hours to eat, I am happy to sample another serving of Shan delicacies, undecided between rice noodles with a semi-sweet seasoning of green tea leaves and peanuts, or a pumpkin curry with ginger. Tonight, I'll be in Yangon, and I am looking forward to this city, having heard many great stories, and with some good references in my pocket. As always, stay tuned.

27 April 2006

Martin F. Krafft: Almost crying in Bagan

I guess you could say I am now on the verge of tears, or at least have been for a while (and it's wearing off) -- since I came back from a little expedition on a horse cart around Bagan, visiting some of the poorest villages in the area to drop off a good share of the presents I still have with me (like marbles, balloons (latex ones, so biodegradable), soap bubbles, hair pins, fake jewellery, balls, and pens and paper), as well as a bunch of tubes of toothpaste, bars of soap, and bottles of shampoo, which I had picked up on the way just before. My sadness comes from two aspects of this experience. The first, which is minor because I had expected it, was simply to (once again) witness the conditions under which the poorest of the poor live: in bamboo houses together with their cattle and pigs (everyone here seems well aware of bird flu and have taken the appropriate precautions; the government apparently did a good job in educating its people), with trash and feces all over the place, kids with almost no clothing and the elderly obviously sick from a distance. But I've actually seen worse in Laos and expected it, so that wasn't the main source of my tristesse. What almost made my eyes water was rather the fact that in the first village of the two I managed today, my arrival and obvious wish to give out gifts resulted in fights among the kids, and in dishonest behaviour by some, while the mob was almost ready to run me over as everyone (including grownups) was stretching out the hand and grabbing at whatever I pulled out of my bag. Call me naive, but that part I did not expect. It's understandable, as for these people, anything makes a difference, sometime and existential one, but they are Bhuddist after all, and among the teachings of the Bhudda you can find such lines as "do not be dishonest", and its philosophy (which carries throughout many non-Bhuddist Asian countries) includes the rule to never lose one's face, which covers shouting or fighting. On my first trip to Southeast Asia -- Vietnam -- I reached some remote villages in the Tonkinese Alps in the country's north -- villages which where equally poor, but which were also quite detached from civilisation as found around larger cities. While money still served as the main means of exchange, it appears to have a much lesser meaning to the people, who are mostly self-sufficient to a point of independence from the government as far as you can get (I guess). In these villages, I also passed out presents, but never had an experience such as the one today (nor did we experience something of this sort in some of the villages in Laos, equally removed from the main lines of infrastructure). Rather than fighting for the gifts, the kids would share them. Rather than tears, the gifts brought smiles. It thus seems that civilisation as we know it causes the competition even among kids, and that's the part that fills me with sadness at the same time as it disillusions me quite a bit, because that kind of civilisation will inevitably spread. Going off on a tangent (without the intention to return), I have been thinking a lot about my "mission" in Myanmar, which was to bring clothing and medication, as well as gifts to the poor. While one could interpret this mission -- carrying more than 15 kg of "stuff" through the stifling heat -- as an altruistic act, I also cannot deny the selfish component, because I take great joy in helping people. If you recall, dropping off the clothing I had brought in a village a couple of miles outside of Pyin Oo Lwin didn't fill me with the satisfaction I had hoped to gain, mainly because I was obviously misinformed about Myanmar (btw: I am calling it Myanmar again, which is actually what locals use, unless they speak with tourists). Fortunately, however, I quite easily managed to accept that the mission was still a success for the people undoubtedly were helped quite a lot. If there is one thing I have learnt for sure this time around, then it's that I will return, sooner rather than later, and hopefully with a lot more goods than this time around. This trip has been self-funded, which is why I am also (trying to) spend most time on vacation. I could well imagine that the next time might see me just running the goods there and fly back after only a couple of days. Of course, there are no details, but keep this in the back of your heads (and pass it on), just in case you'd be willing to donate funds to finance the trip. This brings me to another, somewhat related topic, which I have been pondering ever since I arrived in Myanmar, and especially so after I met and talked to a Portuguese globetrotter, last night: the topics of beggars and how to support these countries in effective ways. Let me address those in turn, the second one first as it's more closely related to my braindump you just read (thanks for that), and because I am nowhere near a resolution and can thus sum it up in three sentences: even though individual aid trips, like the one I am on, are helping, I would guess their effectiveness to be quite low, and raising this effectiveness certainly requires a lot of effort and infrastructure. Thus, it may be more beneficial if I were to donate my will to help to an existing organisation already established and connected in the Southeast Asian countries. I am not talking Unicef and other, similar large organisations (some of which I do support already, and if only financially), but rather much smaller endeavours that concentrate on this area only -- surely the need for help exists in all developing countries, but I am most interested in helping Southeast Asia, for the people here have taught me so many valuable things that have changed my life. On the first topic -- beggars -- let me say this much: if you've been to developing countries, you know what I am talking about. If you have not, just imagine all sorts of people (but mostly poor-looking) coming up to you with their hand stretched out, saying "money, money" repeatedly and not respecting a "no" in any way. Any guide book advises you not to give any money, because it will increase the "nuisance" these beggars are to future tourists. But at one point during my time here, I was as far as giving a small amount to everyone who came up (unless there were more around, at which point it would just get out of control too fast) by reason that it doesn't hurt me a bit, and that despite the syndicates and other arguments against it, if you are actually helping one out of ten beggars, that's one more than zero. Since then, however, I've found some more compelling arguments, and the one that's been the most persuasive so far is that a beggar's success attracts more beggars, and while the guide books call that a "nuisance", the real problem is that these people come from villages to cities, from places where they are self-sufficient (at least in Myanmar with its vast resources) to places where they'll end up sleeping on the streets. Enough of that for now, you can be sure there will be more another time; on to something completely different: This is the first time I am travelling Southeast Asia while blogging, and I have very mixed feelings about it. First of all, Myanmar isn't the place for easy Internet access, so it's been quite painful to keep publishing (which was only possible thanks to the help of Hanspeter back at home; thanks), nor is it the place where you'd be inclined to spend a couple of pensive hours in front of the screen while serialising your thoughts into writing -- the power keeps coming and going every couple of minutes, and frequently the battery-backed power supplies most people have cannot bridge the downtime. But that's not the reason why I am not really too satisfied with my blog entries so far. I have found it difficult to write even in Thailand, where Internet access was excellent, and I guess it's mainly due to two reasons: first, there is too much going on outside and the fear of losing a minute of "street action" to these godaweful computers just keeps me from taking the time to think before writing. The second reason is related: impressions need time to settle, and I guess in some ways I do prefer very much to just "be", rather than experiencing with the objective to blog about it in the back of your head at all times (I am a geek after all, don't forget that). I guess I'll try it another time since having Aline along for the first part, and then being subjected to Myanmar's suboptimal information infrastructure, may be factors of larger value than I see them right now. By the way: this blog does not contain all of my writings while I am here, for obvious reasons, so there is more to come if you are interested, but not via this channel. I'll let you know. Now, on the boring side: I returned to the temples in the late afternoon yesterday and saw another three or four, before sprawling out on top of another in aspiration of the sunset to be Obscured By Clouds (which is when I talked to the aforementioned globetrotter for an hour or so). I did find that after all, Bagan didn't have much in store for me, having seen some of the temples at Angkor. The scenery is breathtaking, and some temples are really astonishing views, but as soon as you get on the inside, they are mostly walls and Bhuddas, one similar to the others, and thus quite unlike to what I'd seen in Angkor last year. Since I am also not the type of guy to go off meditating for a day in a remote location, or take my book far away to read in peace, I think that this one day between the temples was enough for me. Maybe the temperature did play a role too, but there was no question for me: I was to do something else the next day (which is today), rather than go out again on that horse cart. I thus joined up with some Australian travellers on their overland way to their new home, London, and hired a taxi to Mount Popa, home of the 37 Nats (spirits) which are closely knit into the Burmese culture. After a 25 minute climb up steep stairs, I found myself again disappointed by a somewhat dirty and absolutely non-pretty stupa on the top of the hill. The view (and temperature) was great though, so no hard feelings, but also no time lost to head back to the hotel, to get on with the village hopping I had planned for the afternoon. Tomorrow morning I am leaving for Hohe and Inle Lake, where it'll be much cooler (or so they say). Stay tuned. PS: And of course, Murakami's novel is not called "Kafka at the Beach", as I wrote in yesterday's entry, but "Kafka on the Shore". I guess it must have been yesterday's intense heat causing that Freudian slip. Anyway, the book is truly captivating and I am afraid I'll zoom through those 600 pages faster than I'd like, given that it's the last of the books I brought. Hopefully I'll find something to pick up on the way that's not Agatha Christie, Dan Brown, Jane Austen, or the other wonderful writers of entertainment fiction, which I'd rather not read even if you paid me for it.

26 April 2006

Martin F. Krafft: Mandalay to Bagan, and 2700 temples

Leaving the computer centre in Mandalay, I decided to settle my further itineraries and headed to an Internet shop in the hope to arrange some online bookings, using Aline's credit card (because mine was lost and I would rather preserve the cash dollars I have, given that there is no way to get more money in this country. I managed to book myself hotel rooms for the One Night in Bangkok I have before returning home, as well as the five days of Yangon before. Other than that, however, I could not get any flights; Myanmar-internal flights cannot be booked online, and Thai Airways refuses to take passengers when the name on the credit card does not match the passenger's. Given that my plans for the evening where set, I had to leave the place with my mission unaccomplished and headed for the Green Elephant restaurant, which the Lonely Planet describes as up-scale. For a whopping $7, I treated myself to beer, pickled ginger and green tea leaves, and butter fish in a tomato curry. Very delicious. Afterwards I attended the Mandalay Marionette & Culture Show, which was quite lovely despite the atonal music that came with it. Mandalay marionettes (or Myanmar marionettes in general) are very elaborately made, and the style to guide them is very unique to the country, the art having been the popular art back in the days when kings ruled the land. The artists are devoted to keeping this art alive, and you could really feel their enjoyment as they showed fights between ogres, princes and snakes, riding horses and trolling monkeys, princes engaging in "hackysack"-style football artistics (which is very popular over here, and people are rather good), as well as synchronised dances between marionettes and real dancers. I can recommend this show to anyone visiting (as I recommend to anyone visiting Hanoi to see the water puppet theatre) and am glad I chose this option over the "Moustache Brothers" performance, which is political satire and slapstick on the edge of legality. I ended the evening talking to some other travellers, most of which had no interest in listening to others but to tell their stories instead. The next morning saw me rising at 4:30 to catch the ferry to Bagan at 6:00 o'clock. The boat had comfortable seats and a restaurant, and only a handful passengers, so the 10 hours went by reasonably fast (no comparison to the ride we took on the Mekhong last year to get from Chiang Khong in Thailand to Luang Phrabang in Laos). We arrived in Bagan on time and together with some Australians I found the May Kha Lar guesthouse (following again the Lonely Planet), which is a rather pleasant place with a lovely, elderly, English-speaking lady running it. SHe also arranged my further air travel for me and wanted about $30 less than the official booking offices. I decided to spend an additional day in Bagan, so I am heading out from here by plane on the 28th, going to Heho, then spending two and a half days at Inle Lake, and flying to Yangon on the 30th. From there, I am leaving for Bangkok on 4 May. With the tickets in my pocket, I felt relieved, showered, and went for a traditional Burmese massage, which turns out to be completely different from the Thai style (which Laos and Vietnam copied more or less) and was rather painful, both because the lady literally tormented my legs far too long and spent only a very short time on my pained shoulders, and because neither the mosquito coils nor my repellents warded off the beasts as I was lying there out in the darkening sky right at dusk. No Malaria in this region, fortunately. Following a very traditional Burmese dinner (goat meat curry), I went to bed because... ... the next day I rose again at 4:30 to meet a guide, and left the hotel at 5:00 o'clock on a horse cart for a tour of the temples. Bagan is what could be called the heart of Myanmar, and on a 42 square kilometre area, you can find 2700 temples (of the 4500 originally built), dating back to the 10th century AD. Unfortunately, the wall carvings and paintings in most temples has been washed away, and it was nowhere near as fascinating to stroll along the endless corridors as it had been in Angkor Wat or Bayon Wat in Cambodia, but from the outside, these temples still look spectacular and are well preserved or restored. Also, climbing up on one or the other, the sight was almost overwhelming: a vast landscape of strupas and temples as far as the eye would reach, and all that under a lovely sunny sky. Haha. The "sunny" bit is what made me get up so early, because the temperatures are bearable only up until 11 o'clock or so. Between noon and 16:00 o'clock today, the thermometre measured 46 degrees Celsius -- I don't think I've ever been in a place so hot (if you leave out our trip to Death Valley in an airconditioned van. So in order to escape the heat, I went to the archaeological museum at noon, then back to the city and into the swimming pool of one of the nicer hotels in town, which cost me $3 for a pool that was green (they don't have the money for chemicals), and the water about the temperature of my bathtub at home. I did not swim, but fortunately, the showers there were pleasantly cold, so I lay in the shade to read ("Kafka on the Short" by Haruki Murakami), taking a shower every ten minutes to cool down. Going back to the hotel, I find the electricity to be gone once again. I think that this town (and Mandalay as well) has maybe 4 hours of electricity a day, it coming and going every few minutes (which makes computer use quite unpleasant). This also means that there is no aircondition most of the day, at least in the budget hotels which don't have their own generator. I am meeting my guide again at 16:00 hours for another 2-3 hours, then will follow the hotel owner's suggestion for a "back massage expert", eat, sleep, and climb Mount Popa tomorrow morning. I'll try to get online again in the afternoon. Thanks for reading along.

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