Search Results: "cas"

Eddy Petrișor: HOWTO: No SSH logins SFTP only chrooted server configuration with OpenSSH

If you are in a situation where you want to set up a SFTP server in a more secure way, don't want to expose anything from the server via SFTP and do not want to enable SSH login on the account allowed to sftp, you might find the information below useful.

What do we want to achive:

SFTP server
only a specified account is allowed to connect to SFTP
nothing outside the SFTP directory is exposed
no SSH login is allowed
any extra security measures are welcome

To obtain all of the above we will create a dedicated account which will be chroot-ed, its home will be stored on a removable/no always mounted drive (acessing SFTP will not work when the drive is not mounted).

Mount the removable drive which will hold the SFTP area (you might need to add some entry in fstab).

Create the account to be used for SFTP access (on a Debian system this will do the trick):

# adduser --system --home /media/Store/sftp --shell /usr/sbin/nologin sftp

This will create the account sftp which has login disabled, shell is /usr/sbin/nologin and create the home directory for this user.

Unfortunately the default ownership of the home directory of this user are incompatible with chroot-ing in SFTP (which prevents access to other files on the server). A message like the one below will be generated in this kind of case:

$ sftp -v sftp@localhost
[..]
sftp@localhost's password:
debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).
Authenticated to localhost ([::1]:22).
debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]
debug1: Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com
debug1: Entering interactive session.
Write failed: Broken pipe
Couldn't read packet: Connection reset by peer

Also /var/log/auth.log will contain something like this:

fatal: bad ownership or modes for chroot directory "/media/Store/sftp"

The default permissions are visible using the 'namei -l' command on the sftp home directory:

# namei -l /media/Store/sftp
f: /media/Store/sftp
drwxr-xr-x root root /
drwxr-xr-x root root media
drwxr-xr-x root root Store
drwxr-xr-x sftp nogroup sftp

We change the ownership of the sftp directory and make sure there is a place for files to be uploaded in the SFTP area:

# chown root:root /media/Store/sftp
# mkdir /media/Store/sftp/upload
# chown sftp /media/Store/sftp/upload

We isolate the sftp users from other users on the system and configure a chroot-ed environment for all users accessing the SFTP server:

# addgroup sftpusers
# adduser sftp sftusers

Set a password for the sftp user so password authentication works:

# passwd sftp

Putting all pieces together, we restrict access only to the sftp user, allow it access via password authentication only to SFTP, but not SSH (and disallow tunneling and forwarding or empty passwords).

Here are the changes done in /etc/ssh/sshd_config:

PermitEmptyPasswords no
PasswordAuthentication yes
AllowUsers sftp
Subsystem sftp internal-sftp
Match Group sftpusers
ChrootDirectory %h
ForceCommand internal-sftp
X11Forwarding no
AllowTcpForwarding no
PermitTunnel no

Reload the sshd configuration (I'm using systemd):

# systemctl reload ssh.service

Check sftp user can't login via SSH:

$ ssh sftp@localhost
sftp@localhost's password:
This service allows sftp connections only.
Connection to localhost closed.

But SFTP is working and is restricted to the SFTP area:

$ sftp sftp@localhost
sftp@localhost's password:
Connected to localhost.
sftp> ls
upload
sftp> pwd
Remote working directory: /
sftp> put netbsd-nfs.bin
Uploading netbsd-nfs.bin to /netbsd-nfs.bin
remote open("/netbsd-nfs.bin"): Permission denied
sftp> cd upload
sftp> put netbsd-nfs.bin
Uploading netbsd-nfs.bin to /upload/netbsd-nfs.bin
netbsd-nfs.bin 100% 3111KB 3.0MB/s 00:00

Now your system is ready to accept sftp connections, things can be uploaded in the upload directory and whenever the external drive is unmounted, SFTP will NOT work.

Note: Since we added 'AllowUsers sftp', you can test no local user can login via SSH. If you don't want to restrict access only to the sftp user, you can whitelist other users by adding them in the AllowUsers directive, or dropping it entirely so all local users can SSH into the system.

Martin-Éric Racine: xf86-video-geode 2.11.17

This morning, I pushed out version 2.11.17 of the Geode X.Org driver. This is the driver used by the OLPC XO-1 and by a plethora of low-power desktops, micro notebooks and thin clients. This is a minor release. It merges conditional support for the OpenBSD MSR device (Marc Ballmer, Matthieu Herrb), fixes a condition that prevents compiling on some embedded platforms (Brian A. Lloyd) and upgrades the code for X server 1.17 compatibility (Maarten Lankhorst).
Pending issues:

toggle COM2 into DDC probing mode during driver initialization
reset the DAC chip when exiting X and returning to vcons
fix a rendering corner case with Libre Office

Norbert Preining: Shishiodoshi or Us and They On the perceived exclusivity of Japanese

The other day I received from my Japanese teacher an interesting article by Yamazaki Masakazu comparing garden styles, and in particular the attitude towards and presentation of water in Japanese and European gardens (page 1, page 2). The author s list of achievements is long, various professorships, dramatist, literature critique, recognized as Person of Cultural Merit, just to name a view. I was looking forward to an interesting and high quality article! The article itself introduces the reader to Shishiodoshi, one of the standard ingredients of a Japanese garden: It is a device where water drips into a bamboo tube that is also a seesaw. At some point the water in the bamboo tube makes the seesaw switch over and the water pours out, after which the seesaw returns to the original position and a new cycle begins.

The author describes his feelings and thoughts about the shishiodoshi, in particular connects human life (stress and relieve, cycles), the flow of time, and some other concepts with the shishiodoshi. Up to here it is a wonderful article providing interesting insights into the way the author thinks. Unfortunately, then the author tries to underline his ideas by comparing the Japanese shishiodoshi with European style water fountains, describing the former with all favorable properties and full of deep meaning, while the latter is qualified as beautiful and nice, but bare of any deeper meaning. I don t go into details that the whole comparison is anyway a bad one, as he is comparing Baroque style fountains, a very limited period, and furthermore ignores the fact that water fountains are not genuinely European (isn t there one in the Kenrokuen, one of the three most famous gardens in Japan!?), nor does he consider any other water-installation that might be available. What really destroys the in principle very nice article is the tone: The general tone of the article then can be summarized into: The shishiodoshi is rich on meaning, connects to the life of humans, instigates philosophical reflections, represents nature, the flow of time etc. The water fountain is beautiful and gorgeous, but that is all. I don t think that this separation, or this negative undertone, was created on purpose by the author. A person of his stature is supposedly above this level of primitive comparison. I believe that it is nothing else but a consequence of upbringing and the general attitude that permeates the whole society with this feeling of separateness. Us and They Repeatedly providing sentences like Japanese people and Western people have different tastes.. ( ). About 10 times in this short article expressions like Japanese and Westerner appear, leaving the reader with a bitter taste of an author that considers first the Japanese a people (what about Ainu, Ryukyu, etc?), and second that the Japanese are exclusive in the sense that they are set apart from the rest of the world in their way of thinking, living, being. What puzzles me is that this is not only a singular opinion, but a very general straight in the Japanese media, TV, radio, newspaper, books. Everyone considers Japan and Japanese as something that is fundamentally and profoundly different from everyone else in the world. There is We the Japanese (and that doesn t mean nationality of passport, but blood line!), and there are They the Rest or, as the way of writing and and description on many occasion suggestions, They the Barbarians . A short anecdote will underly this: One of the favorite TV talk show / pseudo-documentary style is about Japanese living abroad. That day a lady married in Paris was interviewed. What followed was a guided tour through Paris showing: Dirt in the gutter, street cleaning cars, waste disposal places. Yes, that was all. Just about the dirt . Of course, at length the (unfortunately only apparent) cleanliness of Japanese cities and neighborhoods are mentioned and shown to remind everyone how wonderful Japan is and how dirty the Barbarians. I don t want to say that I consider Japan more dirty than most other countries just the visible part is clean, the moment you step a bit aside and around the corner, there are the worst trash just thrown away without consideration. Anyway. To return to the topic of Us and They I consider us all humans, first and foremost, and nationality, birthplace, and all that are just by chance. I do NOT reject cultural differences, they are here, of course. But cultural differences are one thing, separating one self and one s perceived people from the rest of the world is another. Conclusion I repeat, I don t think that the author had any ill intentions, but it would have been nicer if the article wouldn t make such a stark distinction. He could have written about Shishiodoshi and water fountains without using the Us They categorization. He could have compared other water installations, could have discussed the long tradition of small ponds in European gardens, just to name a few things. But the author choose to highlight differences instead of commonalities. It is the Us against Them feeling that often makes life in Japan for a foreigner difficult. Japanese are not special, Austrians, too, are not special, nor are Americans, Russians, Tibetans, or any other nationality. No nationality is special, we are all humans. Maybe at some point this will arrive also in the Japanese society and thinking.

Gunnar Wolf: Feeling somewhat special

Today I feel more special than I have ever felt. Or... Well, or something like that. Thing is, there is no clear adjective for this But I successfully finished my Specialization degree! Yes, believe it or not, today I can formally say I am Specialist in Informatic Security and Information Technologies (Especialista en Seguridad Inform tica y Tecnolog as de la Informaci n), as awarded by the Higher School of Electric and Mechanic Engineering (Escuela Superior de Ingenier a Mec nica y El ctrica) of the National Polytechnical Institute (Instituto Polit cnico Nacional). In Mexico and most Latin American countries, degrees are usually incorporated to your name as if they were a nobiliary title. Thus, when graduating from Engineering studies (pre-graduate universitary level), I became "Ingeniero Gunnar Wolf". People graduating from further postgraduate programs get to introduce themselves as "Maestro Foobar Baz" or "Doctor Quux Noox". And yes, a Specialization is a small posgraduate program (I often say, the smallest possible posgraduate). And as a Specialist... What can I brag about? Can say I am Specially Gunnar Wolf? Or Special Gunnar Wolf? Nope. The honorific title for a Specialization is a pointer to null, and when casted into a char* it might corrupt your honor-recognizing function. So I'm still Ingeniero Gunnar Wolf, for information security reasons. So that's the reason I am now enrolled in the Masters program. I hope to write an addenda to this message soonish (where soonish 18 months) saying I'm finally a Maestro. As a sidenote, many people asked me: Why did I take on the specialization, which is a degree too small for most kinds of real work recognition? Because it's been around twenty years since I last attended a long-term scholar program as a student. And my dish is quite full with activities and responsabilities. I decided to take a short program, designed for 12 months (I graduated in 16, minus two months that the university was on strike... Quite good, I'd say ;-) ) to see how I fared on it, and only later jumping on the full version. Because, yes, to advance my career at the university, I finally recognized and understood that I do need postgraduate studies. Oh, and what kind of work did I do for this? Besides the classes I took, I wrote a thesis on a model for evaluating covert channels for establishing secure communications.

Thorsten Alteholz: alpine and UTF-8 and Debian lists

This is a note for my future self: When writing an email with only charset=US-ASCII , alpine creates an email with:



Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; format=flowed; charset=US-ASCII

and everything is fine. In case of UTF-8 characters inside the text, alpine creates something like:



Content-Type: MULTIPART/MIXED; BOUNDARY="705298698-1667814148-1432049085=:28313"

and the only available part contains:



Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; format=flowed; charset=UTF-8

Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8BIT

Google tells me that the reason for this is:

Alpine uses a single part MULTIPART/MIXED to apply a protection wrapper around QUOTED-PRINTABLE and BASE64 content to prevent it from being corrupted by various mail delivery systems that append little (typically advertising) things at the end of the message.

Ok, this behavior might come from bad experiences and it seems to work most of the time. Unfortunately if one sends a signed email to a Debian list that checks whether the signature is valid (like for example debian-lts-announce), such an email will be rejected with:

Failed to understand the email or find a signature: UDFormatError:
Cannot handle multipart messages not of type multipart/signed

*sigh*

Ritesh Raj Sarraf: Lenovo Yoga 2 13 with Debian

I recently acquired a Lenovo Yoga 2 13. While, at the time, the Yoga 3 was available, I decided to go for Yoga 2 13. The Yoga 3 comes with the newer Core M Broadwell family, which, in my opinion, doesn't really bring any astounding benefits. The Yoga 2 13 comes in mulitple variants worldwide. Infact these hardware variations have different effets when run under Linux. My varaint of Yoga 2 13 is:

CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4510U CPU @ 2.00GHz
RAM: 8 GiB - Occupying 2 slots
Memory Controller Information
        Supported Interleave: One-way Interleave
        Current Interleave: One-way Interleave
        Maximum Memory Module Size: 8192 MB
        Maximum Total Memory Size: 16384 MB
       
Handle 0x0006, DMI type 6, 12 bytes
Handle 0x0007, DMI type 6, 12 bytes
The usual PCI devices:
rrs@learner:~$ lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller (rev 0b)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 0b)
00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller (rev 0b)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series USB xHCI HC (rev 04)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series HECI #0 (rev 04)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series HD Audio Controller (rev 04)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev e4)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series USB EHCI #1 (rev 04)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series LPC Controller (rev 04)
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 04)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series SMBus Controller (rev 04)
01:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter
17:37          
And the storage devices
Device Model:     WDC WD5000M22K-24Z1LT0-SSHD-16GB
Device Model:     KINGSTON SM2280S3120G

Storage

The drive runs into serious performance problems when its SSHD's NCQ (mis)feature is under use in Linux <= 4.0.

[28974.232550] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
[28974.232565] ahci 0000:00:1f.2: port does not support device sleep
[28983.680955] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x7fffffff SErr 0x400100 action 0x6 frozen
[28983.681000] ata1.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error
[28983.681027] ata1: SError:   UnrecovData Handshk  
[28983.681052] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[28983.681082] ata1.00: cmd 61/40:00:b8:84:88/05:00:0a:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 688128 out
                        res 40/00:3c:78:a9:88/00:00:0a:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[28983.681152] ata1.00: status:   DRDY  
[28983.681171] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[28983.681202] ata1.00: cmd 61/40:08:f8:89:88/05:00:0a:00:00/40 tag 1 ncq 688128 out
                        res 40/00:3c:78:a9:88/00:00:0a:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[28983.681271] ata1.00: status:   DRDY  
[28983.681289] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[28983.681316] ata1.00: cmd 61/40:10:38:8f:88/05:00:0a:00:00/40 tag 2 ncq 688128 out
                        res 40/00:3c:78:a9:88/00:00:0a:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[28983.681387] ata1.00: status:   DRDY  
[28983.681407] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[28983.681435] ata1.00: cmd 61/40:18:78:94:88/05:00:0a:00:00/40 tag 3 ncq 688128 out
                        res 40/00:3c:78:a9:88/00:00:0a:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[28983.697642] ata1.00: status:   DRDY  
[28983.697643] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[28983.697646] ata1.00: cmd 61/40:c8:38:65:88/05:00:0a:00:00/40 tag 25 ncq 688128 out
                        res 40/00:3c:78:a9:88/00:00:0a:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[28983.697647] ata1.00: status:   DRDY  
[28983.697648] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[28983.697651] ata1.00: cmd 61/40:d0:78:6a:88/05:00:0a:00:00/40 tag 26 ncq 688128 out
                        res 40/00:3c:78:a9:88/00:00:0a:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[28983.697651] ata1.00: status:   DRDY  
[28983.697652] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[28983.697656] ata1.00: cmd 61/40:d8:b8:6f:88/05:00:0a:00:00/40 tag 27 ncq 688128 out
                        res 40/00:3c:78:a9:88/00:00:0a:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[28983.697657] ata1.00: status:   DRDY  
[28983.697658] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[28983.697661] ata1.00: cmd 61/40:e0:f8:74:88/05:00:0a:00:00/40 tag 28 ncq 688128 out
                        res 40/00:3c:78:a9:88/00:00:0a:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[28983.697662] ata1.00: status:   DRDY  
[28983.697663] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[28983.697666] ata1.00: cmd 61/40:e8:38:7a:88/05:00:0a:00:00/40 tag 29 ncq 688128 out
                        res 40/00:3c:78:a9:88/00:00:0a:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[28983.697667] ata1.00: status:   DRDY  
[28983.697668] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[28983.697672] ata1.00: cmd 61/40:f0:78:7f:88/05:00:0a:00:00/40 tag 30 ncq 688128 out
                        res 40/00:3c:78:a9:88/00:00:0a:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)
[28983.697672] ata1.00: status:   DRDY  
[28983.697676] ata1: hard resetting link
[28984.017356] ata1: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
[28984.022612] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[28984.022740] ata1: EH complete
[28991.611732] Suspending console(s) (use no_console_suspend to debug)
[28992.183822] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Synchronizing SCSI cache
[28992.186569] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Stopping disk
[28992.186604] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache
[28992.189594] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk
[28992.967426] PM: suspend of devices complete after 1351.349 msecs
[28992.999461] PM: late suspend of devices complete after 31.990 msecs
[28993.000058] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.0: System wakeup enabled by ACPI
[28993.000306] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: System wakeup enabled by ACPI
[28993.016463] PM: noirq suspend of devices complete after 16.978 msecs
[28993.017024] ACPI: Preparing to enter system sleep state S3
[28993.017349] PM: Saving platform NVS memory
[28993.017357] Disabling non-boot CPUs ...
[28993.017389] intel_pstate CPU 1 exiting
[28993.018727] kvm: disabling virtualization on CPU1
[28993.019320] smpboot: CPU 1 is now offline
[28993.019646] intel_pstate CPU 2 exiting

In the interim, to overcome this problem, we can force the device to run in degraded mode. I'm not sure if it is really the degraded mode, or the device was falsely advertised as a 6 GiB capable device. Time will tell, but for now, force it to run in 3 GiB mode, and so far, I haven't run into the above mentioned probems. To force 3 GiB speed, apply the following.

rrs@learner:~$ cat /proc/cmdline
BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-4.0.4+ root=/dev/mapper/sdb_crypt ro cgroup_enable=memory swapaccount=1 rootflags=data=writeback libata.force=1:3 quiet
16:42

And then verify it... As you can see below, I've forced it for ata1 because I want my SSD drive to run at full-speed. I've done enough I/O, which earlier resulted in the kernel spitting the SATA errors. With this workaround, the kernel does not spit any error messages.

[    1.273365] libata version 3.00 loaded.
[    1.287290] ahci 0000:00:1f.2: AHCI 0001.0300 32 slots 4 ports 6 Gbps 0x3 impl SATA mode
[    1.288238] ata1: FORCE: PHY spd limit set to 3.0Gbps
[    1.288240] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m2048@0xb051b000 port 0xb051b100 irq 41
[    1.288242] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m2048@0xb051b000 port 0xb051b180 irq 41
[    1.288244] ata3: DUMMY
[    1.288245] ata4: DUMMY
[    1.606971] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 320)
[    1.607906] ata1.00: ATA-9: WDC WD5000M22K-24Z1LT0-SSHD-16GB, 02.01A03, max UDMA/133
[    1.607910] ata1.00: 976773168 sectors, multi 0: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32), AA
[    1.608856] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[    1.609106] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     ATA      WDC WD5000M22K-2 1A03 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[    1.927167] ata2: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
[    1.928980] ata2.00: ATA-8: KINGSTON SM2280S3120G, S8FM06.A, max UDMA/133
[    1.928983] ata2.00: 234441648 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32), AA
[    1.929616] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133

And the throughput you get out of your WD SATA SSHD drive, with capability set to 3.0 GiB is:

rrs@learner:/media/SSHD/tmp$ while true; do dd if=/dev/zero of=foo.img bs=1M count=20000; sync; rm -rf foo.img; sync; done
20000+0 records in
20000+0 records out
20971520000 bytes (21 GB) copied, 202.014 s, 104 MB/s
20000+0 records in
20000+0 records out
20971520000 bytes (21 GB) copied, 206.111 s, 102 MB/s

Hannes Reinecke has submitted patches for NCQ enhancements, for Linux 4.1, which I hope will resolve these problems. Another option is to disable NCQ for the drive, or else blacklist the make/model in driver/ata/libata-core.c

By the time I finished this blog entry draft, I had tests to conclude that this did not look like an NCQ problem. Because in degraded mode too, it runs with NCQ enabled (check above).

rrs@learner:~$ sudo fstrim -vv /media/SSHD
/media/SSHD: 268.2 GiB (287930949632 bytes) trimmed
16:58          
rrs@learner:~$ sudo fstrim -vv /
[sudo] password for rrs:
/: 64 GiB (68650749952 bytes) trimmed
16:56

Another interesting feature of this drive is support for TRIM / DISCARD. This drive's FTL accepts the TRIM command. Ofcourse, you need to ensure that you have discard enabled in all the layers. In my case, SATA + Device Mapper (Crypt and LVM) + File System (ext4) Display

The overall display of this device is amazing. It is large enough to give you vibrant look. At 1920x1080 resolution, things look good. The display support was available out-of-the-box.

There were some suspend / resume hangs that occured with kernels < 4.x, during suspend / resume. The issue was root caused and fixed for Linux 4.0.

You may still notice the following kernel messages, though not problematic to me so far.

[28977.518114] PM: thaw of devices complete after 3607.979 msecs
[28977.590389] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[28977.590582] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[28977.591095] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[28977.591185] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[28977.591368] acpi device:30: Cannot transition to power state D3cold for parent in (unknown)
[28977.591911] pci_bus 0000:01: Allocating resources
[28977.591933] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[28977.592093] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[28977.592401] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment

You may need to disable the Intel Management Engine Interface (mei.ko), incase you run into suspend/resume problems.

rrs@learner:/media/SSHD/tmp$ cat /etc/modprobe.d/intel-mei-blacklist.conf
blacklist mei
blacklist mei-me
17:01

You may also run into the following Kernel Oops during suspend/resume. Below, you see 2 interation of sleep because it first hibernates and then sleeps (s2both).

[  180.470206] Syncing filesystems ... done.
[  180.473337] Freezing user space processes ... (elapsed 0.001 seconds) done.
[  180.475210] PM: Marking nosave pages: [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff]
[  180.475213] PM: Marking nosave pages: [mem 0x0006f000-0x0006ffff]
[  180.475215] PM: Marking nosave pages: [mem 0x00088000-0x000fffff]
[  180.475220] PM: Marking nosave pages: [mem 0x97360000-0x97b5ffff]
[  180.475274] PM: Marking nosave pages: [mem 0x9c36f000-0x9cffefff]
[  180.475356] PM: Marking nosave pages: [mem 0x9d000000-0xffffffff]
[  180.476877] PM: Basic memory bitmaps created
[  180.477003] PM: Preallocating image memory... done (allocated 380227 pages)
[  180.851800] PM: Allocated 1520908 kbytes in 0.37 seconds (4110.56 MB/s)
[  180.851802] Freezing remaining freezable tasks ... (elapsed 0.001 seconds) done.
[  180.853355] Suspending console(s) (use no_console_suspend to debug)
[  180.853520] wlan0: deauthenticating from c4:6e:1f:d0:67:26 by local choice (Reason: 3=DEAUTH_LEAVING)
[  180.864159] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain
[  181.172222] PM: freeze of devices complete after 319.294 msecs
[  181.196080] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[  181.196124] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 3707 at drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_display.c:7904 hsw_enable_pc8+0x659/0x7c0 [i915]()
[  181.196125] SPLL enabled
[  181.196159] Modules linked in: rfcomm ctr ccm bnep pci_stub vboxpci(O) vboxnetadp(O) vboxnetflt(O) vboxdrv(O) bridge stp llc xt_conntrack iptable_filter ipt_MASQUERADE nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4 iptable_nat nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat nf_conntrack xt_CHECKSUM xt_tcpudp iptable_mangle ip_tables x_tables nls_utf8 nls_cp437 vfat fat rtsx_usb_ms memstick snd_hda_codec_hdmi joydev mousedev hid_sensor_rotation hid_sensor_incl_3d hid_sensor_als hid_sensor_accel_3d hid_sensor_magn_3d hid_sensor_gyro_3d hid_sensor_trigger industrialio_triggered_buffer kfifo_buf industrialio hid_sensor_iio_common iTCO_wdt iTCO_vendor_support hid_multitouch x86_pkg_temp_thermal intel_powerclamp coretemp intel_rapl iosf_mbi kvm_intel kvm btusb hid_sensor_hub bluetooth uvcvideo videobuf2_vmalloc videobuf2_memops
[  181.196203]  videobuf2_core v4l2_common videodev media pcspkr evdev mac_hid arc4 psmouse serio_raw efivars i2c_i801 rtl8723be btcoexist rtl8723_common rtl_pci rtlwifi mac80211 snd_soc_rt5640 cfg80211 snd_soc_rl6231 snd_hda_codec_realtek i915 snd_soc_core snd_hda_codec_generic ideapad_laptop ac snd_compress dw_dmac sparse_keymap drm_kms_helper rfkill battery dw_dmac_core snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_dmaengine snd_soc_sst_acpi snd_hda_controller video 8250_dw regmap_i2c snd_hda_codec drm snd_hwdep snd_pcm spi_pxa2xx_platform i2c_designware_platform soc_button_array snd_timer i2c_designware_core snd i2c_algo_bit soundcore shpchp lpc_ich button processor fuse ipv6 autofs4 ext4 crc16 jbd2 mbcache btrfs xor raid6_pq algif_skcipher af_alg dm_crypt dm_mod sg usbhid sd_mod rtsx_usb_sdmmc rtsx_usb crct10dif_pclmul
[  181.196220]  crc32_pclmul crc32c_intel ghash_clmulni_intel aesni_intel aes_x86_64 lrw gf128mul glue_helper ablk_helper cryptd ahci libahci libata xhci_pci ehci_pci xhci_hcd ehci_hcd scsi_mod usbcore usb_common thermal fan thermal_sys hwmon i2c_hid hid i2c_core sdhci_acpi sdhci mmc_core gpio_lynxpoint
[  181.196224] CPU: 3 PID: 3707 Comm: kworker/u16:7 Tainted: G           O    4.0.4+ #14
[  181.196225] Hardware name: LENOVO 20344/INVALID, BIOS 96CN29WW(V1.15) 10/16/2014
[  181.196230] Workqueue: events_unbound async_run_entry_fn
[  181.196233]  0000000000000000 ffffffffa0706f68 ffffffff81522198 ffff880064debc88
[  181.196235]  ffffffff8106c5b1 ffff880251460000 ffff880250f83b68 ffff880250f83b78
[  181.196237]  ffff880250f83800 0000000000000001 ffffffff8106c62a ffffffffa071407c
[  181.196238] Call Trace:
[  181.196248]  [<ffffffff81522198>] ? dump_stack+0x40/0x50
[  181.196251]  [<ffffffff8106c5b1>] ? warn_slowpath_common+0x81/0xb0
[  181.196254]  [<ffffffff8106c62a>] ? warn_slowpath_fmt+0x4a/0x50
[  181.196278]  [<ffffffffa06ae349>] ? hsw_enable_pc8+0x659/0x7c0 [i915]
[  181.196289]  [<ffffffffa0643ee0>] ? intel_suspend_complete+0xe0/0x6e0 [i915]
[  181.196300]  [<ffffffffa0644501>] ? i915_drm_suspend_late+0x21/0x90 [i915]
[  181.196311]  [<ffffffffa0644690>] ? i915_pm_poweroff_late+0x40/0x40 [i915]
[  181.196318]  [<ffffffff813fa7ba>] ? dpm_run_callback+0x4a/0x100
[  181.196321]  [<ffffffff813fb010>] ? __device_suspend_late+0xa0/0x180
[  181.196324]  [<ffffffff813fb10e>] ? async_suspend_late+0x1e/0xa0
[  181.196326]  [<ffffffff8108b973>] ? async_run_entry_fn+0x43/0x160
[  181.196330]  [<ffffffff81083a5d>] ? process_one_work+0x14d/0x3f0
[  181.196332]  [<ffffffff81084463>] ? worker_thread+0x53/0x480
[  181.196334]  [<ffffffff81084410>] ? rescuer_thread+0x300/0x300
[  181.196338]  [<ffffffff81089191>] ? kthread+0xc1/0xe0
[  181.196341]  [<ffffffff810890d0>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x180/0x180
[  181.196346]  [<ffffffff81527898>] ? ret_from_fork+0x58/0x90
[  181.196349]  [<ffffffff810890d0>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x180/0x180
[  181.196350] ---[ end trace 8e339004db298838 ]---
[  181.220094] PM: late freeze of devices complete after 47.936 msecs
[  181.220972] PM: noirq freeze of devices complete after 0.875 msecs
[  181.221577] ACPI: Preparing to enter system sleep state S4
[  181.221886] PM: Saving platform NVS memory
[  181.222702] Disabling non-boot CPUs ...
[  181.222731] intel_pstate CPU 1 exiting
[  181.224041] kvm: disabling virtualization on CPU1
[  181.224680] smpboot: CPU 1 is now offline
[  181.225121] intel_pstate CPU 2 exiting
[  181.226407] kvm: disabling virtualization on CPU2
[  181.227025] smpboot: CPU 2 is now offline
[  181.227441] intel_pstate CPU 3 exiting
[  181.227728] Broke affinity for irq 19
[  181.227747] Broke affinity for irq 41
[  181.228771] kvm: disabling virtualization on CPU3
[  181.228793] smpboot: CPU 3 is now offline
[  181.229624] PM: Creating hibernation image:
[  181.563651] PM: Need to copy 379053 pages
[  181.563655] PM: Normal pages needed: 379053 + 1024, available pages: 1697704
[  182.472910] PM: Hibernation image created (379053 pages copied)
[  181.232347] PM: Restoring platform NVS memory
[  181.233171] Enabling non-boot CPUs ...
[  181.233246] x86: Booting SMP configuration:
[  181.233248] smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 1 APIC 0x1
[  181.246771] kvm: enabling virtualization on CPU1
[  181.249339] CPU1 is up
[  181.249389] smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 2 APIC 0x2
[  181.262313] kvm: enabling virtualization on CPU2
[  181.264853] CPU2 is up
[  181.264903] smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 3 APIC 0x3
[  181.277831] kvm: enabling virtualization on CPU3
[  181.280317] CPU3 is up
[  181.288471] ACPI: Waking up from system sleep state S4
[  182.340655] PM: noirq thaw of devices complete after 0.637 msecs
[  182.378087] PM: early thaw of devices complete after 37.428 msecs
[  182.378436] rtlwifi: rtlwifi: wireless switch is on
[  182.451021] rtc_cmos 00:01: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[  182.697575] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 320)
[  182.697617] ata2: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
[  182.699248] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[  182.699911] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
[  182.699917] ahci 0000:00:1f.2: port does not support device sleep
[  186.059539] PM: thaw of devices complete after 3685.338 msecs
[  186.134292] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  186.134479] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  186.134992] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  186.135080] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  186.135266] acpi device:30: Cannot transition to power state D3cold for parent in (unknown)
[  186.135950] pci_bus 0000:01: Allocating resources
[  186.135974] pcieport 0000:00:1c.0: bridge window [mem 0x00100000-0x000fffff 64bit pref] to [bus 01] add_size 200000
[  186.135980] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  186.136049] pcieport 0000:00:1c.0: res[15]=[mem 0x00100000-0x000fffff 64bit pref] get_res_add_size add_size 200000
[  186.136072] pcieport 0000:00:1c.0: BAR 15: assigned [mem 0x9fb00000-0x9fcfffff 64bit pref]
[  186.136174] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  186.136490] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  199.454497] Suspending console(s) (use no_console_suspend to debug)
[  200.024190] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Synchronizing SCSI cache
[  200.024356] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache
[  200.025359] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Stopping disk
[  200.028701] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk
[  201.106085] PM: suspend of devices complete after 1651.336 msecs
[  201.106591] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[  201.106628] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 3725 at drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_display.c:7904 hsw_enable_pc8+0x659/0x7c0 [i915]()
[  201.106628] SPLL enabled
[  201.106656] Modules linked in: rfcomm ctr ccm bnep pci_stub vboxpci(O) vboxnetadp(O) vboxnetflt(O) vboxdrv(O) bridge stp llc xt_conntrack iptable_filter ipt_MASQUERADE nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4 iptable_nat nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat nf_conntrack xt_CHECKSUM xt_tcpudp iptable_mangle ip_tables x_tables nls_utf8 nls_cp437 vfat fat rtsx_usb_ms memstick snd_hda_codec_hdmi joydev mousedev hid_sensor_rotation hid_sensor_incl_3d hid_sensor_als hid_sensor_accel_3d hid_sensor_magn_3d hid_sensor_gyro_3d hid_sensor_trigger industrialio_triggered_buffer kfifo_buf industrialio hid_sensor_iio_common iTCO_wdt iTCO_vendor_support hid_multitouch x86_pkg_temp_thermal intel_powerclamp coretemp intel_rapl iosf_mbi kvm_intel kvm btusb hid_sensor_hub bluetooth uvcvideo videobuf2_vmalloc videobuf2_memops
[  201.106694]  videobuf2_core v4l2_common videodev media pcspkr evdev mac_hid arc4 psmouse serio_raw efivars i2c_i801 rtl8723be btcoexist rtl8723_common rtl_pci rtlwifi mac80211 snd_soc_rt5640 cfg80211 snd_soc_rl6231 snd_hda_codec_realtek i915 snd_soc_core snd_hda_codec_generic ideapad_laptop ac snd_compress dw_dmac sparse_keymap drm_kms_helper rfkill battery dw_dmac_core snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_dmaengine snd_soc_sst_acpi snd_hda_controller video 8250_dw regmap_i2c snd_hda_codec drm snd_hwdep snd_pcm spi_pxa2xx_platform i2c_designware_platform soc_button_array snd_timer i2c_designware_core snd i2c_algo_bit soundcore shpchp lpc_ich button processor fuse ipv6 autofs4 ext4 crc16 jbd2 mbcache btrfs xor raid6_pq algif_skcipher af_alg dm_crypt dm_mod sg usbhid sd_mod rtsx_usb_sdmmc rtsx_usb crct10dif_pclmul
[  201.106711]  crc32_pclmul crc32c_intel ghash_clmulni_intel aesni_intel aes_x86_64 lrw gf128mul glue_helper ablk_helper cryptd ahci libahci libata xhci_pci ehci_pci xhci_hcd ehci_hcd scsi_mod usbcore usb_common thermal fan thermal_sys hwmon i2c_hid hid i2c_core sdhci_acpi sdhci mmc_core gpio_lynxpoint
[  201.106714] CPU: 0 PID: 3725 Comm: kworker/u16:25 Tainted: G        W  O    4.0.4+ #14
[  201.106715] Hardware name: LENOVO 20344/INVALID, BIOS 96CN29WW(V1.15) 10/16/2014
[  201.106720] Workqueue: events_unbound async_run_entry_fn
[  201.106723]  0000000000000000 ffffffffa0706f68 ffffffff81522198 ffff880064dd7c88
[  201.106725]  ffffffff8106c5b1 ffff880251460000 ffff880250f83b68 ffff880250f83b78
[  201.106727]  ffff880250f83800 0000000000000002 ffffffff8106c62a ffffffffa071407c
[  201.106728] Call Trace:
[  201.106737]  [<ffffffff81522198>] ? dump_stack+0x40/0x50
[  201.106740]  [<ffffffff8106c5b1>] ? warn_slowpath_common+0x81/0xb0
[  201.106742]  [<ffffffff8106c62a>] ? warn_slowpath_fmt+0x4a/0x50
[  201.106765]  [<ffffffffa06ae349>] ? hsw_enable_pc8+0x659/0x7c0 [i915]
[  201.106776]  [<ffffffffa0643ee0>] ? intel_suspend_complete+0xe0/0x6e0 [i915]
[  201.106786]  [<ffffffffa0644501>] ? i915_drm_suspend_late+0x21/0x90 [i915]
[  201.106797]  [<ffffffffa0644690>] ? i915_pm_poweroff_late+0x40/0x40 [i915]
[  201.106802]  [<ffffffff813fa7ba>] ? dpm_run_callback+0x4a/0x100
[  201.106805]  [<ffffffff813fb010>] ? __device_suspend_late+0xa0/0x180
[  201.106809]  [<ffffffff813fb10e>] ? async_suspend_late+0x1e/0xa0
[  201.106811]  [<ffffffff8108b973>] ? async_run_entry_fn+0x43/0x160
[  201.106813]  [<ffffffff81083a5d>] ? process_one_work+0x14d/0x3f0
[  201.106815]  [<ffffffff81084463>] ? worker_thread+0x53/0x480
[  201.106818]  [<ffffffff81084410>] ? rescuer_thread+0x300/0x300
[  201.106821]  [<ffffffff81089191>] ? kthread+0xc1/0xe0
[  201.106824]  [<ffffffff810890d0>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x180/0x180
[  201.106827]  [<ffffffff81527898>] ? ret_from_fork+0x58/0x90
[  201.106830]  [<ffffffff810890d0>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x180/0x180
[  201.106832] ---[ end trace 8e339004db298839 ]---
[  201.130052] PM: late suspend of devices complete after 23.960 msecs
[  201.130725] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.0: System wakeup enabled by ACPI
[  201.130885] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: System wakeup enabled by ACPI
[  201.146986] PM: noirq suspend of devices complete after 16.930 msecs
[  201.147591] ACPI: Preparing to enter system sleep state S3
[  201.147942] PM: Saving platform NVS memory
[  201.147948] Disabling non-boot CPUs ...
[  201.147999] intel_pstate CPU 1 exiting
[  201.149324] kvm: disabling virtualization on CPU1
[  201.149337] smpboot: CPU 1 is now offline
[  201.149640] intel_pstate CPU 2 exiting
[  201.151096] kvm: disabling virtualization on CPU2
[  201.151108] smpboot: CPU 2 is now offline
[  201.152017] intel_pstate CPU 3 exiting
[  201.153250] kvm: disabling virtualization on CPU3
[  201.153256] smpboot: CPU 3 is now offline
[  201.156229] ACPI: Low-level resume complete
[  201.156307] PM: Restoring platform NVS memory
[  201.160033] CPU0 microcode updated early to revision 0x1c, date = 2014-07-03
[  201.160190] Enabling non-boot CPUs ...
[  201.160241] x86: Booting SMP configuration:
[  201.160243] smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 1 APIC 0x1
[  201.172665] kvm: enabling virtualization on CPU1
[  201.174982] CPU1 is up
[  201.175013] smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 2 APIC 0x2
[  201.187569] CPU2 microcode updated early to revision 0x1c, date = 2014-07-03
[  201.188796] kvm: enabling virtualization on CPU2
[  201.191130] CPU2 is up
[  201.191158] smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 3 APIC 0x3
[  201.203297] kvm: enabling virtualization on CPU3
[  201.205679] CPU3 is up
[  201.210414] ACPI: Waking up from system sleep state S3
[  201.224617] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.0: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[  201.332523] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[  201.332634] PM: noirq resume of devices complete after 121.623 msecs
[  201.372718] PM: early resume of devices complete after 40.058 msecs
[  201.372892] rtlwifi: rtlwifi: wireless switch is on
[  201.373270] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk
[  201.373271] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Starting disk
[  201.445954] rtc_cmos 00:01: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[  201.692510] ata2: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
[  201.694719] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
[  201.694724] ahci 0000:00:1f.2: port does not support device sleep
[  201.836724] usb 2-4: reset high-speed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[  201.890158] psmouse serio1: synaptics: queried max coordinates: x [..5702], y [..4730]
[  201.930768] psmouse serio1: synaptics: queried min coordinates: x [1242..], y [1124..]
[  202.076784] usb 2-5: reset full-speed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[  202.205100] usb 2-5: ep 0x2 - rounding interval to 64 microframes, ep desc says 80 microframes
[  202.316799] usb 2-7: reset full-speed USB device number 5 using xhci_hcd
[  202.444945] usb 2-7: No LPM exit latency info found, disabling LPM.
[  202.556817] usb 2-8: reset full-speed USB device number 6 using xhci_hcd
[  202.908691] usb 2-6: reset high-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd
[  203.932602] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 320)
[  204.044890] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[  206.228698] PM: resume of devices complete after 4855.892 msecs
[  206.380738] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  206.383152] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  206.385775] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  206.388066] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  206.390415] acpi device:30: Cannot transition to power state D3cold for parent in (unknown)
[  206.393078] pci_bus 0000:01: Allocating resources
[  206.393098] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  206.395470] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  206.397927] i915 0000:00:02.0: BAR 6: [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x2] has bogus alignment
[  206.518516] Restarting kernel threads ... done.
[  206.518812] PM: Basic memory bitmaps freed
[  206.518816] Restarting tasks ... done.

There is one more occasional Kernel Oops (below), which I believe again has to do with Intel.

[ 8770.745396] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 8770.745441] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 7206 at drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_display.c:9756 intel_check_page_flip+0xd2/0xe0 [i915]()
[ 8770.745444] Kicking stuck page flip: queued at 466186, now 466191
[ 8770.745445] Modules linked in: cpuid rfcomm ctr ccm bnep pci_stub vboxpci(O) vboxnetadp(O) vboxnetflt(O) vboxdrv(O) bridge stp llc xt_conntrack iptable_filter ipt_MASQUERADE nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4 iptable_nat nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat nf_conntrack xt_CHECKSUM xt_tcpudp iptable_mangle ip_tables x_tables nls_utf8 nls_cp437 vfat fat rtsx_usb_ms memstick snd_hda_codec_hdmi joydev mousedev hid_sensor_rotation hid_sensor_incl_3d hid_sensor_als hid_sensor_accel_3d hid_sensor_magn_3d hid_sensor_gyro_3d hid_sensor_trigger industrialio_triggered_buffer kfifo_buf industrialio hid_sensor_iio_common iTCO_wdt iTCO_vendor_support hid_multitouch x86_pkg_temp_thermal intel_powerclamp coretemp intel_rapl iosf_mbi kvm_intel kvm btusb hid_sensor_hub bluetooth uvcvideo videobuf2_vmalloc videobuf2_memops
[ 8770.745484]  videobuf2_core v4l2_common videodev media pcspkr evdev mac_hid arc4 psmouse serio_raw efivars i2c_i801 rtl8723be btcoexist rtl8723_common rtl_pci rtlwifi mac80211 snd_soc_rt5640 cfg80211 snd_soc_rl6231 snd_hda_codec_realtek i915 snd_soc_core snd_hda_codec_generic ideapad_laptop ac snd_compress dw_dmac sparse_keymap drm_kms_helper rfkill battery dw_dmac_core snd_hda_intel snd_pcm_dmaengine snd_soc_sst_acpi snd_hda_controller video 8250_dw regmap_i2c snd_hda_codec drm snd_hwdep snd_pcm spi_pxa2xx_platform i2c_designware_platform soc_button_array snd_timer i2c_designware_core snd i2c_algo_bit soundcore shpchp lpc_ich button processor fuse ipv6 autofs4 ext4 crc16 jbd2 mbcache btrfs xor raid6_pq algif_skcipher af_alg dm_crypt dm_mod sg usbhid sd_mod rtsx_usb_sdmmc rtsx_usb crct10dif_pclmul
[ 8770.745536]  crc32_pclmul crc32c_intel ghash_clmulni_intel aesni_intel aes_x86_64 lrw gf128mul glue_helper ablk_helper cryptd ahci libahci libata xhci_pci ehci_pci xhci_hcd ehci_hcd scsi_mod usbcore usb_common thermal fan thermal_sys hwmon i2c_hid hid i2c_core sdhci_acpi sdhci mmc_core gpio_lynxpoint
[ 8770.745561] CPU: 0 PID: 7206 Comm: icedove Tainted: G        W  O    4.0.4+ #14
[ 8770.745563] Hardware name: LENOVO 20344/INVALID, BIOS 96CN29WW(V1.15) 10/16/2014
[ 8770.745565]  0000000000000000 ffffffffa0706f68 ffffffff81522198 ffff88025f203dc8
[ 8770.745569]  ffffffff8106c5b1 ffff880250f83800 ffff880254dcc000 0000000000000000
[ 8770.745572]  0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ffffffff8106c62a ffffffffa0709d50
[ 8770.745575] Call Trace:
[ 8770.745577]  <IRQ>  [<ffffffff81522198>] ? dump_stack+0x40/0x50
[ 8770.745592]  [<ffffffff8106c5b1>] ? warn_slowpath_common+0x81/0xb0
[ 8770.745595]  [<ffffffff8106c62a>] ? warn_slowpath_fmt+0x4a/0x50
[ 8770.745616]  [<ffffffffa06a0bb3>] ? __intel_pageflip_stall_check+0x113/0x120 [i915]
[ 8770.745634]  [<ffffffffa06af042>] ? intel_check_page_flip+0xd2/0xe0 [i915]
[ 8770.745652]  [<ffffffffa067cde1>] ? ironlake_irq_handler+0x2e1/0x1010 [i915]
[ 8770.745657]  [<ffffffff81092d1a>] ? check_preempt_curr+0x5a/0xa0
[ 8770.745663]  [<ffffffff812d66c2>] ? timerqueue_del+0x22/0x70
[ 8770.745668]  [<ffffffff810bb7d5>] ? handle_irq_event_percpu+0x75/0x190
[ 8770.745672]  [<ffffffff8101b945>] ? read_tsc+0x5/0x10
[ 8770.745676]  [<ffffffff810bb928>] ? handle_irq_event+0x38/0x50
[ 8770.745680]  [<ffffffff810be841>] ? handle_edge_irq+0x71/0x120
[ 8770.745685]  [<ffffffff810153bd>] ? handle_irq+0x1d/0x30
[ 8770.745689]  [<ffffffff8152a866>] ? do_IRQ+0x46/0xe0
[ 8770.745694]  [<ffffffff8152866d>] ? common_interrupt+0x6d/0x6d
[ 8770.745695]  <EOI>  [<ffffffff8152794d>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
[ 8770.745701] ---[ end trace 8e339004db29883a ]---

Network

In my case, the laptop came with the Realtek Wireless device (details above in lspci output). Note: The machine has no wired interface.

While the Intel Wifi devices shipped with this laptop have their own share of problems, this device (rtl8723be) works out of the box. But only for a while. There is no certain pattern on what triggers the bug, but once triggered, the network just freezes. Nothing is logged.

If your Yoga 2 13 came with the RTL chip, the following workaround may help avoid the network issues.

rrs@learner:/media/SSHD/tmp$ cat /etc/modprobe.d/rtl8723be.conf
options rtl8723be fwlps=0
17:06

MCE

Almost every boot, eventually, the kernel reports MCE errors. Not something I understand well, but so far, it hasn't caused any visible issues. And from what I have googled so far, nobody seems to have fixed it anywhere

So, with fingers crossed, lets just hope this never translates into a real problem.

What the kernel reports of the CPU's capabilities.

[    0.041496] mce: CPU supports 7 MCE banks
[  299.540930] mce: [Hardware Error]: Machine check events logged

The MCE logs extracted from the buffer.

mcelog: failed to prefill DIMM database from DMI data
Hardware event. This is not a software error.
MCE 0
CPU 0 BANK 5
MISC 38a0000086 ADDR fef81880
TIME 1432455005 Sun May 24 13:40:05 2015
MCG status:
MCi status:
Error overflow
Uncorrected error
MCi_MISC register valid
MCi_ADDR register valid
Processor context corrupt
MCA: corrected filtering (some unreported errors in same region)
Generic CACHE Level-2 Generic Error
STATUS ee0000000040110a MCGSTATUS 0
MCGCAP c07 APICID 0 SOCKETID 0
CPUID Vendor Intel Family 6 Model 69
Hardware event. This is not a software error.
MCE 1
CPU 0 BANK 6
MISC 78a0000086 ADDR fef81780
TIME 1432455005 Sun May 24 13:40:05 2015
MCG status:
MCi status:
Uncorrected error
MCi_MISC register valid
MCi_ADDR register valid
Processor context corrupt
MCA: corrected filtering (some unreported errors in same region)
Generic CACHE Level-2 Generic Error
STATUS ae0000000040110a MCGSTATUS 0
MCGCAP c07 APICID 0 SOCKETID 0
CPUID Vendor Intel Family 6 Model 69
Hardware event. This is not a software error.
MCE 2
CPU 0 BANK 5
MISC 38a0000086 ADDR fef81880
TIME 1432455114 Sun May 24 13:41:54 2015
MCG status:
MCi status:
Error overflow
Uncorrected error
MCi_MISC register valid
MCi_ADDR register valid
Processor context corrupt
MCA: corrected filtering (some unreported errors in same region)
Generic CACHE Level-2 Generic Error
STATUS ee0000000040110a MCGSTATUS 0
MCGCAP c07 APICID 0 SOCKETID 0
CPUID Vendor Intel Family 6 Model 69
Hardware event. This is not a software error.
MCE 3
CPU 0 BANK 6
MISC 78a0000086 ADDR fef81780
TIME 1432455114 Sun May 24 13:41:54 2015
MCG status:
MCi status:
Uncorrected error
MCi_MISC register valid
MCi_ADDR register valid
Processor context corrupt
MCA: corrected filtering (some unreported errors in same region)
Generic CACHE Level-2 Generic Error
STATUS ae0000000040110a MCGSTATUS 0
MCGCAP c07 APICID 0 SOCKETID 0
CPUID Vendor Intel Family 6 Model 69

Categories:
Debian-Blog
Computing
Technology

Keywords:
Lenovo
Yoga
Yoga 2 13
debian

RHUT

Lunar: Reproducible builds: week 3 in Stretch cycle

What happened about the reproducible builds effort for this week: Toolchain fixes

Stephen Kitt uploaded binutils-mingw-w64/6 which enabled deterministic archives.
Daniel Stender uploaded gamera/3.4.2-1 which removed timestamps from the documentation generator output.
Emmanuel Bourg uploaded maven-archiver/2.6-2 which formatted the date in pom.properties with the UTC timezone.
Dmitry Shachnev uploaded python-qt4/4.11.3+dfsg-2 which removes timestamps from generated files. Original patch by Reiner Herrmann.

Tomasz Buchert submitted a patch to fix the currently overzealous package-contains-timestamped-gzip warning. Daniel Kahn Gillmor identified #588746 as a source of unreproducibility for packages using python-support. Packages fixed The following 57 packages became reproducible due to changes in their build dependencies: antlr-maven-plugin, aspectj-maven-plugin, build-helper-maven-plugin, clirr-maven-plugin, clojure-maven-plugin, cobertura-maven-plugin, coinor-ipopt, disruptor, doxia-maven-plugin, exec-maven-plugin, gcc-arm-none-eabi, greekocr4gamera, haskell-swish, jarjar-maven-plugin, javacc-maven-plugin, jetty8, latexml, libcgi-application-perl, libnet-ssleay-perl, libtest-yaml-valid-perl, libwiki-toolkit-perl, libwww-csrf-perl, mate-menu, maven-antrun-extended-plugin, maven-antrun-plugin, maven-archiver, maven-bundle-plugin, maven-clean-plugin, maven-compiler-plugin, maven-ear-plugin, maven-install-plugin, maven-invoker-plugin, maven-jar-plugin, maven-javadoc-plugin, maven-processor-plugin, maven-project-info-reports-plugin, maven-replacer-plugin, maven-resources-plugin, maven-shade-plugin, maven-site-plugin, maven-source-plugin, maven-stapler-plugin, modello-maven-plugin1.4, modello-maven-plugin, munge-maven-plugin, ocaml-bitstring, ocr4gamera, plexus-maven-plugin, properties-maven-plugin, ruby-magic, ruby-mocha, sisu-maven-plugin, syncache, vdk2, wvstreams, xml-maven-plugin, xmlbeans-maven-plugin. The following packages became reproducible after getting fixed:

cgal/4.6-3 by Joachim Reichel.
cmake/3.2.2-1 by Felix Geyer.
dbus/1.8.16-2 by Simon McVittie.
dialog/1.2-20150513-1 by Santiago Vila.
dmaths/3.5.2.5+dfsg1-1 by Innocent De Marchi.
faad2/2.8.0~cvs20150510-1 by Fabian Greffrath.
fence-agents/4.0.18-1 by Christoph Berg.
gamera/3.4.2-1 uploaded by Daniel Stender, original patch by Reiner Herrmann.
hello-traditional/2.10-3 by Santiago Vila.
libapache2-mod-perl2/2.0.9~rc1-1 uploaded by Niko Tyni, fixed upstream.
libdbix-fulltextsearch-perl/0.73-11 uploaded by Dominic Hargreaves, original patch by Chris Lamb.
libjpeg-turbo/1:1.4.0-7 uploaded by Ond ej Sur , original patch by Reiner Herrmann.
libtime-format-perl/1.12-2 by gregor herrmann.
libx11-keyboard-perl/1.4-5 by gregor herrmann.
mailman/1:2.1.20-1 uploaded by Thijs Kinkhorst, original patch by Lunar.
miscfiles/1.4.2.dfsg.1-10 uploaded by Robert Luberda, original patch by Chris Lamb.
mkvtoolnix/7.9.0-1 uploaded by Christian Marillat, fixed upstream.
mozilla-dom-inspector/1:2.0.15-1 by David Pr vot.
nano/2.3.99pre3-1 uploaded by Jordi Mallach, original patch by Lunar.
ndiswrapper/1.59-3 uploaded by Julian Andres Klode, original patch by Chris Lamb.
original-awk/2012-12-20-3 uploaded by Santiago Vila, original patch by Chris Lamb.
procmail/3.22-25 uploaded by Santiago Vila, original patch by Lunar.
pxz/4.999.99~beta4+gitae80846-2 by Holger Levsen.
python-tuskarclient/0.1.17-2 uploaded by Thomas Goirand, original patch by Reiner Herrmann.
routino/2.7.3-2 by Bas Couwenberg.
scantailor/0.9.11.1-3 by Daniel Stender.
serverstats/0.8.2-11 prepared by Bjoern Boschman, original patch and upload by Chris Lamb.
sysstat/11.1.3-1 by Robert Luberda.
t-prot/3.4-3 by Axel Beckert.
wmsystemtray/1.4+git20150508-1 by Doug Torrance.
yafc/1.3.6-1 uploaded by Sebastian Ramacher, fixed upstream

Some uploads fixed some reproducibility issues but not all of them:

allegro4.4/2:4.4.2-6 uploaded by Andreas R nnquist, original patch by Chris Lamb.
base-files/9.1 uploaded by Santiago Vila, original patch by Lunar, follow-up patch submitted to fix umask-related variations.
castle-game-engine/5.1.1-2 by Paul Gevers.
device3dfx/2013.08.08-2 uploaded by Guillem Jover, original patch by Chris Lamb.
gettext/0.19.4-1 by Santiago Vila.
sendmail/8.14.9-1 by Andreas Beckmann.
smartlist/3.15-24 Santiago Vila Use gzip -n to stop recording current time. Closes: #777445.
uruk/20150401-1 uploaded by Joost van Baal-Ili , original patch by Chris Lamb.

Ben Hutchings also improved and merged several changes submitted by Lunar to linux. Currently untested because in contrib:

Dmitry Smirnov uploaded fheroes2-pkg/0+svn20150122r3274-2-2.

reproducible.debian.net

Thanks to the reproducible-build team for running a buildd from hell. gregor herrmann

Mattia Rizzolo modified the script added last week to reschedule a package from Alioth, a reason can now be optionally specified. Holger Levsen splitted the package sets page so each set now has its own page. He also added new sets for Java packages, Haskell packages, Ruby packages, debian-installer packages, Go packages, and OCaml packages. Reiner Herrmann added locales-all to the set of packages installed in the build environment as its needed to properly identify variations due to the current locale. Holger Levsen improved the scheduling so new uploads get tested sooner. He also changed the .json output that is used by tracker.debian.org to lists FTBFS issues again but only for issues unrelated to the toolchain or our test setup. Amongst many other small fixes and additions, the graph colors should now be more friendly to red-colorblind people. The fix for pbuilder given in #677666 by Tim Landscheidt is now used. This fixed several FTBFS for OCaml packages. Work on rebuilding with different CPU has continued, a kvm-on-kvm build host has been set been set up for this purpose. debbindiff development Version 19 of debbindiff included a fix for a regression when handling info files. Version 20 fixes a bug when diffing files with many differences toward a last line with no newlines. It also now uses the proper encoding when writing the text output to a pipe, and detects info files better. Documentation update Thanks to Santiago Vila, the unneeded -depth option used with find when fixing mtimes has been removed from the examples. Package reviews 113 obsolete reviews have been removed this week while 77 has been added.

Lunar: Reproducible builds: week 2 in Stretch cycle

What happened about the reproducible builds effort for this week: Media coverage Debian's effort on reproducible builds has been covered in the June 2015 issue of Linux Magazin in Germany.

Article about reproducible builds in Linux Magazin June 2015

Toolchain fixes

gregor herrmann uploaded libextutils-depends-perl/0.404-1 which makes its output deterministic.
Christian Hofstaedtler uploaded yard/0.8.7.4-2 which will not write timestamps in the generated documentation. Original patch by Chris Lamb, does not write timestamps in the generated documentation anymore.
Emmanuel Bourg uploaded maven-plugin-tools/3.3-2 which removes the date from the plugin descriptor. Patch by Reiner Herrmann.
Emmanuel Bourg uploaded maven-archiver/2.6-1 which now uses the date set in the DEB_CHANGELOG_DATETIME environment variable for the timestamp in the pom.properties file embedded in the jar files. Original patch by Chris West.
Nicolas Boulenguez uploaded dh-ada-library/6.4 which will warn against non deterministic ALI for sources newer than changelog.

josch rebased the experimental version of debhelper on 9.20150507. Packages fixed The following 515 packages became reproducible due to changes of their build dependencies: airport-utils, airspy-host, all-in-one-sidebar, ampache, aptfs, arpack, asciio, aspell-kk, asused, balance, batmand, binutils-avr, bioperl, bpm-tools, c2050, cakephp-instaweb, carton, cbp2make, checkbot, checksecurity, chemeq, chronicle, cube2-data, cucumber, darkstat, debci, desktop-file-utils, dh-linktree, django-pagination, dosbox, eekboek, emboss-explorer, encfs, exabgp, fbasics, fife, fonts-lexi-saebom, gdnsd, glances, gnome-clocks, gunicorn, haproxy, haskell-aws, haskell-base-unicode-symbols, haskell-base64-bytestring, haskell-basic-prelude, haskell-binary-shared, haskell-binary, haskell-bitarray, haskell-bool-extras, haskell-boolean, haskell-boomerang, haskell-bytestring-lexing, haskell-bytestring-mmap, haskell-config-value, haskell-mueval, haskell-tasty-kat, itk3, jnr-constants, jshon, kalternatives, kdepim-runtime, kdevplatform, kwalletcli, lemonldap-ng, libalgorithm-combinatorics-perl, libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl, libany-uri-escape-perl, libanyevent-http-scopedclient-perl, libanyevent-perl, libanyevent-processor-perl, libapache-session-wrapper-perl, libapache-sessionx-perl, libapp-options-perl, libarch-perl, libarchive-peek-perl, libaudio-flac-header-perl, libaudio-wav-perl, libaudio-wma-perl, libauth-yubikey-decrypter-perl, libauthen-krb5-simple-perl, libauthen-simple-perl, libautobox-dump-perl, libb-keywords-perl, libbarcode-code128-perl, libbio-das-lite-perl, libbio-mage-perl, libbrowser-open-perl, libbusiness-creditcard-perl, libbusiness-edifact-interchange-perl, libbusiness-isbn-data-perl, libbusiness-tax-vat-validation-perl, libcache-historical-perl, libcache-memcached-perl, libcairo-gobject-perl, libcarp-always-perl, libcarp-fix-1-25-perl, libcatalyst-action-serialize-data-serializer-perl, libcatalyst-controller-formbuilder-perl, libcatalyst-dispatchtype-regex-perl, libcatalyst-plugin-authentication-perl, libcatalyst-plugin-authorization-acl-perl, libcatalyst-plugin-session-store-cache-perl, libcatalyst-plugin-session-store-fastmmap-perl, libcatalyst-plugin-static-simple-perl, libcatalyst-view-gd-perl, libcgi-application-dispatch-perl, libcgi-application-plugin-authentication-perl, libcgi-application-plugin-logdispatch-perl, libcgi-application-plugin-session-perl, libcgi-application-server-perl, libcgi-compile-perl, libcgi-xmlform-perl, libclass-accessor-classy-perl, libclass-accessor-lvalue-perl, libclass-accessor-perl, libclass-c3-adopt-next-perl, libclass-dbi-plugin-type-perl, libclass-field-perl, libclass-handle-perl, libclass-load-perl, libclass-ooorno-perl, libclass-prototyped-perl, libclass-returnvalue-perl, libclass-singleton-perl, libclass-std-fast-perl, libclone-perl, libconfig-auto-perl, libconfig-jfdi-perl, libconfig-simple-perl, libconvert-basen-perl, libconvert-ber-perl, libcpan-checksums-perl, libcpanplus-dist-build-perl, libcriticism-perl, libcrypt-cracklib-perl, libcrypt-dh-gmp-perl, libcrypt-mysql-perl, libcrypt-passwdmd5-perl, libcrypt-simple-perl, libcss-packer-perl, libcss-tiny-perl, libcurses-widgets-perl, libdaemon-control-perl, libdancer-plugin-database-perl, libdancer-session-cookie-perl, libdancer2-plugin-database-perl, libdata-format-html-perl, libdata-uuid-libuuid-perl, libdata-validate-domain-perl, libdate-jd-perl, libdate-simple-perl, libdatetime-astro-sunrise-perl, libdatetime-event-cron-perl, libdatetime-format-dbi-perl, libdatetime-format-epoch-perl, libdatetime-format-mail-perl, libdatetime-tiny-perl, libdatrie, libdb-file-lock-perl, libdbd-firebird-perl, libdbix-abstract-perl, libdbix-class-datetime-epoch-perl, libdbix-class-dynamicdefault-perl, libdbix-class-introspectablem2m-perl, libdbix-class-timestamp-perl, libdbix-connector-perl, libdbix-oo-perl, libdbix-searchbuilder-perl, libdbix-xml-rdb-perl, libdevel-stacktrace-ashtml-perl, libdigest-hmac-perl, libdist-zilla-plugin-emailnotify-perl, libemail-date-format-perl, libemail-mime-perl, libemail-received-perl, libemail-sender-perl, libemail-simple-perl, libencode-detect-perl, libexporter-tidy-perl, libextutils-cchecker-perl, libextutils-installpaths-perl, libextutils-libbuilder-perl, libextutils-makemaker-cpanfile-perl, libextutils-typemap-perl, libfile-counterfile-perl, libfile-pushd-perl, libfile-read-perl, libfile-touch-perl, libfile-type-perl, libfinance-bank-ie-permanenttsb-perl, libfont-freetype-perl, libfrontier-rpc-perl, libgd-securityimage-perl, libgeo-coordinates-utm-perl, libgit-pureperl-perl, libgnome2-canvas-perl, libgnome2-wnck-perl, libgraph-readwrite-perl, libgraphics-colornames-www-perl, libgssapi-perl, libgtk2-appindicator-perl, libgtk2-gladexml-simple-perl, libgtk2-notify-perl, libhash-asobject-perl, libhash-moreutils-perl, libhtml-calendarmonthsimple-perl, libhtml-display-perl, libhtml-fillinform-perl, libhtml-form-perl, libhtml-formhandler-model-dbic-perl, libhtml-html5-entities-perl, libhtml-linkextractor-perl, libhtml-tableextract-perl, libhtml-widget-perl, libhtml-widgets-selectlayers-perl, libhtml-wikiconverter-mediawiki-perl, libhttp-async-perl, libhttp-body-perl, libhttp-date-perl, libimage-imlib2-perl, libimdb-film-perl, libimport-into-perl, libindirect-perl, libio-bufferedselect-perl, libio-compress-lzma-perl, libio-compress-perl, libio-handle-util-perl, libio-interface-perl, libio-multiplex-perl, libio-socket-inet6-perl, libipc-system-simple-perl, libiptables-chainmgr-perl, libjoda-time-java, libjsr305-java, libkiokudb-perl, liblemonldap-ng-cli-perl, liblexical-var-perl, liblingua-en-fathom-perl, liblinux-dvb-perl, liblocales-perl, liblog-dispatch-configurator-any-perl, liblog-log4perl-perl, liblog-report-lexicon-perl, liblwp-mediatypes-perl, liblwp-protocol-https-perl, liblwpx-paranoidagent-perl, libmail-sendeasy-perl, libmarc-xml-perl, libmason-plugin-routersimple-perl, libmasonx-processdir-perl, libmath-base85-perl, libmath-basecalc-perl, libmath-basecnv-perl, libmath-bigint-perl, libmath-convexhull-perl, libmath-gmp-perl, libmath-gradient-perl, libmath-random-isaac-perl, libmath-random-oo-perl, libmath-random-tt800-perl, libmath-tamuanova-perl, libmemoize-expirelru-perl, libmemoize-memcached-perl, libmime-base32-perl, libmime-lite-tt-perl, libmixin-extrafields-param-perl, libmock-quick-perl, libmodule-cpanfile-perl, libmodule-load-conditional-perl, libmodule-starter-pbp-perl, libmodule-util-perl, libmodule-versions-report-perl, libmongodbx-class-perl, libmoo-perl, libmoosex-app-cmd-perl, libmoosex-attributehelpers-perl, libmoosex-blessed-reconstruct-perl, libmoosex-insideout-perl, libmoosex-relatedclassroles-perl, libmoosex-role-timer-perl, libmoosex-role-withoverloading-perl, libmoosex-storage-perl, libmoosex-types-common-perl, libmoosex-types-uri-perl, libmoox-singleton-perl, libmoox-types-mooselike-numeric-perl, libmousex-foreign-perl, libmp3-tag-perl, libmysql-diff-perl, libnamespace-clean-perl, libnet-bonjour-perl, libnet-cli-interact-perl, libnet-daap-dmap-perl, libnet-dbus-glib-perl, libnet-dns-perl, libnet-frame-perl, libnet-google-authsub-perl, libnet-https-any-perl, libnet-https-nb-perl, libnet-idn-encode-perl, libnet-idn-nameprep-perl, libnet-imap-client-perl, libnet-irc-perl, libnet-mac-vendor-perl, libnet-openid-server-perl, libnet-smtp-ssl-perl, libnet-smtp-tls-perl, libnet-smtpauth-perl, libnet-snpp-perl, libnet-sslglue-perl, libnet-telnet-perl, libnhgri-blastall-perl, libnumber-range-perl, libobject-signature-perl, libogg-vorbis-header-pureperl-perl, libopenoffice-oodoc-perl, libparse-cpan-packages-perl, libparse-debian-packages-perl, libparse-fixedlength-perl, libparse-syslog-perl, libparse-win32registry-perl, libpdf-create-perl, libpdf-report-perl, libperl-destruct-level-perl, libperl-metrics-simple-perl, libperl-minimumversion-perl, libperl6-slurp-perl, libpgobject-simple-perl, libplack-middleware-fixmissingbodyinredirect-perl, libplack-test-externalserver-perl, libplucene-perl, libpod-tests-perl, libpoe-component-client-ping-perl, libpoe-component-jabber-perl, libpoe-component-resolver-perl, libpoe-component-server-soap-perl, libpoe-component-syndicator-perl, libposix-strftime-compiler-perl, libposix-strptime-perl, libpostscript-simple-perl, libproc-processtable-perl, libprotocol-osc-perl, librcs-perl, libreadonly-xs-perl, libreturn-multilevel-perl, librivescript-perl, librouter-simple-perl, librrd-simple-perl, libsafe-isa-perl, libscope-guard-perl, libsemver-perl, libset-tiny-perl, libsharyanto-file-util-perl, libshell-command-perl, libsnmp-info-perl, libsoap-lite-perl, libstat-lsmode-perl, libstatistics-online-perl, libstring-compare-constanttime-perl, libstring-format-perl, libstring-toidentifier-en-perl, libstring-tt-perl, libsub-recursive-perl, libsvg-tt-graph-perl, libsvn-notify-perl, libswish-api-common-perl, libtap-formatter-junit-perl, libtap-harness-archive-perl, libtemplate-plugin-number-format-perl, libtemplate-plugin-yaml-perl, libtemplate-tiny-perl, libtenjin-perl, libterm-visual-perl, libtest-block-perl, libtest-carp-perl, libtest-classapi-perl, libtest-cmd-perl, libtest-consistentversion-perl, libtest-data-perl, libtest-databaserow-perl, libtest-differences-perl, libtest-file-sharedir-perl, libtest-hasversion-perl, libtest-kwalitee-perl, libtest-lectrotest-perl, libtest-module-used-perl, libtest-object-perl, libtest-perl-critic-perl, libtest-pod-coverage-perl, libtest-script-perl, libtest-script-run-perl, libtest-spelling-perl, libtest-strict-perl, libtest-synopsis-perl, libtest-trap-perl, libtest-unit-perl, libtest-utf8-perl, libtest-without-module-perl, libtest-www-selenium-perl, libtest-xml-simple-perl, libtest-yaml-perl, libtex-encode-perl, libtext-bibtex-perl, libtext-csv-encoded-perl, libtext-csv-perl, libtext-dhcpleases-perl, libtext-diff-perl, libtext-quoted-perl, libtext-trac-perl, libtext-vfile-asdata-perl, libthai, libthread-conveyor-perl, libthread-sigmask-perl, libtie-cphash-perl, libtie-ical-perl, libtime-stopwatch-perl, libtk-dirselect-perl, libtk-pod-perl, libtorrent, libturpial, libunicode-japanese-perl, libunicode-maputf8-perl, libunicode-stringprep-perl, libuniversal-isa-perl, libuniversal-moniker-perl, liburi-encode-perl, libvi-quickfix-perl, libvideo-capture-v4l-perl, libvideo-fourcc-info-perl, libwiki-toolkit-plugin-rss-reader-perl, libwww-mechanize-formfiller-perl, libwww-mechanize-gzip-perl, libwww-mechanize-perl, libwww-opensearch-perl, libx11-freedesktop-desktopentry-perl, libxc, libxml-dtdparser-perl, libxml-easy-perl, libxml-handler-trees-perl, libxml-libxml-iterator-perl, libxml-libxslt-perl, libxml-rss-perl, libxml-validator-schema-perl, libxml-xpathengine-perl, libxml-xql-perl, llvm-py, madbomber, makefs, mdpress, media-player-info, meta-kde-telepathy, metamonger, mmm-mode, mupen64plus-audio-sdl, mupen64plus-rsp-hle, mupen64plus-ui-console, mupen64plus-video-z64, mussort, newpid, node-formidable, node-github-url-from-git, node-transformers, nsnake, odin, otcl, parsley, pax, pcsc-perl, pd-purepd, pen, prank, proj, proot, puppet-module-puppetlabs-postgresql, python-async, python-pysnmp4, qrencode, r-bioc-graph, r-bioc-hypergraph, r-bioc-iranges, r-bioc-xvector, r-cran-pscl, rbenv, rlinetd, rs, ruby-ascii85, ruby-cutest, ruby-ejs, ruby-factory-girl, ruby-hdfeos5, ruby-kpeg, ruby-libxml, ruby-password, ruby-zip-zip, sdl-sound1.2, stterm, systemd, taktuk, tcc, tryton-modules-account-invoice, ttf-summersby, tupi, tuxpuck, unknown-horizons, unsafe-mock, vcheck, versiontools, vim-addon-manager, vlfeat, vsearch, xacobeo, xen-tools, yubikey-personalization-gui, yubikey-personalization. The following packages became reproducible after getting fixed:

cwirc/2.0.0-8 uploaded by Colin Tuckley, original patch by Reiner Herrmann.
darkplaces/0~20140513+svn12208-1 by Simon McVittie.
exactimage/0.9.1-4 by Sven Eckelmann.
gnupg/1.4.19-1 by Daniel Kahn Gillmor.
httpunit/1.7+dfsg-11 by Emmanuel Bourg.
hy/0.10.1-2 uploaded by Tianon Gravi, original patch by Reiner Herrmann.
ioquake3/1.36+u20150412+dfsg1-2 by Simon McVittie, original patch by Reiner Herrmann.
kiwi/1.9.22-3 by Jelmer Vernooij.
lava-server/2015.05-1 uploaded by Neil Williams, original patch by Reiner Herrmann.
libelixirfm-perl/1.1.976-4 uploaded by gregor herrmann, original patch by Chris Lamb.
littler/0.2.3-2 by Dirk Eddelbuettel.
mednafen/0.9.38.1-1 by Stephen Kitt.
nftables/0.4-4 by Arturo Borrero Gonzalez.
ntdb/1.0-7 by Jelmer Vernooij.
onioncat/0.2.2+svn566-1 by intrigeri.
openarena/0.8.8-13 by Simon McVittie.
openarena-085-data/0.8.5split-6 by Simon McVittie.
openarena-088-data/0.8.8-3 by Simon McVittie.
openarena-data/0.8.5split-6 by Simon McVittie.
openarena-maps/0.8.5split-6 by Simon McVittie.
openarena-players/0.8.5split-6 by Simon McVittie.
openarena-players-mature/0.8.5split-6 by Simon McVittie.
openarena-textures/0.8.5split-6 by Simon McVittie.
pybik/2.0-1 by B. Clausius.
python-xmp-toolkit/2.0.1+git20140309.5437b0a-1 by Daniel Stender.
quakespasm/0.90.0-3 by Stephen Kitt.
traceroute/1:2.0.21-1 uploaded by Laszlo Boszormenyi, original patch by Lunar.
unar/1.8.1-4 uploaded by Matt Kraai, original patch by Lunar.
websvn/2.3.3-1.3 uploaded by Thijs Kinkhorst, original patch by Chris Lamb.
xd/3.23.01-2 uploaded by Frank B. Brokken, original patch by Chris Lamb.

Some uploads fixed some reproducibility issues but not all of them:

ada-reference-manual/1:2012.2-5 by Nicolas Boulenguez.
apparmor/2.9.2-2 by intrigeri.
argyll/1.7.0+repack-1 by J rg Frings-F rst.
lava-dispatcher/2015.05-1 by Neil Williams.
libaunit/3.7.1-2 by Nicolas Boulenguez.
libflorist/2014-2 by Nicolas Boulenguez.
mailcrypt/3.5.9-8 uploaded by Barak A. Pearlmutter, original patch by Chris Lamb.
openchange/1:2.2-7 by Jelmer Vernooij.
sane-backends/1.0.24-11 by J rg Frings-F rst timestamps in .dvi and .ps
tomcat6/6.0.41-4 by Emmanuel Bourg.
tomcat7/7.0.61-1 by Emmanuel Bourg; currently FTBFS.
tomcat8/8.0.22-2 by Emmanuel Bourg.

Patches submitted which did not make their way to the archive yet:

#784541 on yasm by Lunar: remove build date from version strings.
#784694 on smcroute by Micha Lenk: remove build date from version string.
#784672 on gnumeric by Daniel Kahn Gillmor: remove timestamps in embedded gzip'ed data in shared library.
#774347 on sed by Lunar: fix permissions before creating the package.
#784352 on icebreaker by Reiner Herrmann: use UTC timezone when calculating version date.
#784325 on kde-workspace by Lunar: make the output of kdm confproc.pl stable.
#784602 on monkeysign by Daniel Kahn Gillmor: use time of debian/changelog entry when generating documentation.
#784723 on alot by Juan Picca: pass time of debian/changelog entry to Sphinx.
#784538 on file-rc by Lunar: use sed instead of grep+mv to keep correct file permissions.
#784335 on libapache2-mod-perl2 by Lunar: set PERL_HASH_SEED=0 during configure to make the generated .c and .h files stable.
#784267 on mpv by Lunar: pass --disable-build-date to ./configure.
#784793 on bugs-everywhere by Daniel Kahn Gillmor: use time of debian/changelog entry as build date.
#784318 on gnome-desktop3 by Lunar: use time of debian/chanelog entry as build date.
#774504 on debianutils by Lunar: fix file permissions.

reproducible.debian.net Alioth now hosts a script that can be used to redo builds and test for a package. This was preliminary done manually through requests over the IRC channel. This should reduce the number of interruptions for jenkins' maintainers The graph of the oldest build per day has been fixed. Maintainance scripts will not error out when they are no files to remove. Holger Levsen started work on being able to test variations of CPU features and build date (as in build in another month of 1984) by using virtual machines. debbindiff development Version 18 has been released. It will uses proper comparators for pk3 and info files. Tar member names are now assumed to be UTF-8 encoded. The limit for the maximum number of different lines has been removed. Let's see on reproducible.debian.net how it goes for pathological cases. It's now possible to specify both --html and --text output. When neither of them is specified, the default will be to print a text report on the standard output (thanks to Paul Wise for the suggestion). Documentation update Nicolas Boulenguez investigated Ada libraries. Package reviews 451 obsolete reviews have been removed and 156 added this week. New identified issues: running kernel version getting captured, random filenames in GHC debug symbols, and timestamps in headers generated by qdbusxml2cpp. Misc. Holger Levsen went to re:publica and talked about reproducible builds to developers and users there. Holger also had a chance to meet FreeBSD developers and discuss the status of FreeBSD. Investigations have started on how it could be made part of our current test system. Laurent Guerby gave Lunar access to systems in the GCC Compile Farm. Hopefully access to these powerful machines will help to fix packages for GCC, Iceweasel, and similar packages requiring long build times.

Ian Campbell: A vhosting git setup with gitolite and gitweb

Since gitorious' shutdown I decided it was time to start hosting my own git repositories for my own little projects (although the company which took over gitorious has a Free software offering it seems that their hosted offering is based on the proprietary version, and in any case once bitten, twice shy and all that). After a bit of investigation I settled on using gitolite and gitweb. I did consider (and even had a vague preference for) cgit but it wasn't available in Wheezy (even backports, and the backport looked tricky) and I haven't upgraded my VPS yet. I may reconsider cgit this once I switch to Jessie. The only wrinkle was that my VPS is shared with a friend and I didn't want to completely take over the gitolite and gitweb namespaces in case he ever wanted to setup git.hisdomain.com, so I needed something which was at least somewhat compatible with vhosting. gitolite doesn't appear to support such things out of the box but I found an interesting/useful post from Julius Plenz which included sufficient inspiration that I thought I knew what to do. After a bit of trial and error here is what I ended up with: Install gitolite The gitolite website has plenty of documentation on configuring gitolite. But since gitolite is in Debian its even more trivial than even the quick install makes out. I decided to use the newer gitolite3 package from wheezy-backports instead of the gitolite (v2) package from Wheezy. I already had backports enabled so this was just:

# apt-get install gitolite3/wheezy-backports

I accepted the defaults and gave it the public half of the ssh key which I had created to be used as the gitolite admin key. By default this added a user gitolite3 with a home directory of /var/lib/gitolite3. Since they username forms part of the URL used to access the repositories I want it to include the 3, so I edited /etc/passwd, /etc/groups, /etc/shadow and /etc/gshadow to say just gitolite but leaving the home directory as gitolite3. Now I could clone the gitolite-admin repo and begin to configure things. Add my user This was simple as dropping the public half into the gitolite-admin repo as keydir/ijc.pub, then git add, commit and push. Setup vhosting Between the gitolite docs and Julius' blog post I had a pretty good idea what I wanted to do here. I wasn't too worried about making the vhost transparent from the developer's (ssh:// URL) point of view, just from the gitweb and git clone side. So I decided to adapt things to use a simple $VHOST/$REPO.git schema. I created /var/lib/gitolite3/local/lib/Gitolite/Triggers/VHost.pm containing:

package Gitolite::Triggers::VHost;
use strict;
use warnings;
use File::Slurp qw(read_file write_file);
sub post_compile  
    my %vhost = ();
    my @projlist = read_file("$ENV HOME /projects.list");
    for my $proj (sort @projlist)  
        $proj =~ m,^([^/\.]*\.[^/]*)/(.*)$, or next;
        my ($host, $repo) = ($1,$2);
        $vhost $host  //= [];
        push @ $vhost $host  => $repo;
     
    for my $v (keys %vhost)  
        write_file("$ENV HOME /projects.$v.list",
                     atomic => 1  , join("\n",@ $vhost $v ));
     
 
1;

I then edited /var/lib/gitolite3/.gitolite.rc and ensured it contained:

LOCAL_CODE                =>  "$ENV HOME /local",
POST_COMPILE => [ 'VHost::post_compile', ],

(The first I had to uncomment, the second to add). All this trigger does is take the global projects.list, in which gitolite will list any repo which is configured to be accessible via gitweb, and split it into several vhost specific lists. Create first repository Now that the basics were in place I could create my first repository (for hosting qcontrol). In the gitolite-admin repository I edited conf/gitolite.conf and added:

repo hellion.org.uk/qcontrol
    RW+     =   ijc

After adding, committing and pushing I now have "/var/lib/gitolite3/projects.list" containing:

hellion.org.uk/qcontrol.git
testing.git

(the testing.git repository is configured by default) and /var/lib/gitolite3/projects.hellion.org.uk.list containing just:

qcontrol.git

For cloning the URL is:

gitolite@$ VPSNAME :hellion.org.uk/qcontrol.git

which is rather verbose ($ VPSNAME is quote long in my case too), so to simplify things I added to my .ssh/config:

Host gitolite
Hostname $ VPSNAME 
User gitolite
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa_gitolite

so I can instead use:

gitolite:hellion.org.uk/qcontrol.git

which is a bit less of a mouthful and almost readable. Configure gitweb (http:// URL browsing) Following the documentation's advice I edited /var/lib/gitolite3/.gitolite.rc to set:

UMASK                           =>  0027,

and then:

$ chmod -R g+rX /var/lib/gitolite3/repositories/*

Which arranges that members of the gitolite group can read anything under /var/lib/gitolite3/repositories/*. Then:

# adduser www-data gitolite

This adds the user www-data to the gitolite group so it can take advantage of those relaxed permissions. I'm not super happy about this but since gitweb runs as www-data:www-data this seems to be the recommended way of doing things. I'm consoling myself with the fact that I don't plan on hosting anything sensitive... I also arranged things such that members of the groups can only list the contents of directories from the vhost directory down by setting g=x not g=rx on higher level directories. Potentially sensitive files do not have group permissions at all either. Next I created /etc/apache2/gitolite-gitweb.conf:

die unless $ENV GIT_PROJECT_ROOT ;
$ENV GIT_PROJECT_ROOT  =~ m,^.*/([^/]+)$,;
our $gitolite_vhost = $1;
our $projectroot = $ENV GIT_PROJECT_ROOT ;
our $projects_list = "/var/lib/gitolite3/projects.$ gitolite_vhost .list";
our @git_base_url_list = ("http://git.$ gitolite_vhost ");

This extracts the vhost name from $ GIT_PROJECT_ROOT (it must be the last element) and uses it to select the appropriate vhost specific projects.list. Then I added a new vhost to my apache2 configuration:

<VirtualHost 212.110.190.137:80 [2001:41c8:1:628a::89]:80>
        ServerName git.hellion.org.uk
        SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /var/lib/gitolite3/repositories/hellion.org.uk
        SetEnv GITWEB_CONFIG /etc/apache2/gitolite-gitweb.conf
        Alias /static /usr/share/gitweb/static
        ScriptAlias / /usr/share/gitweb/gitweb.cgi/
</VirtualHost>

This configures git.hellion.org.uk (don't forget to update DNS too) and sets the appropriate environment variables to find the custom gitolite-gitweb.conf and the project root. Next I edited /var/lib/gitolite3/.gitolite.rc again to set:

GIT_CONFIG_KEYS                 => 'gitweb\.(owner description category)',

Now I can edit the repo configuration to be:

repo hellion.org.uk/qcontrol
    owner   =   Ian Campbell
    desc    =   qcontrol
    RW+     =   ijc
    R       =   gitweb

That R permission for the gitweb pseudo-user causes the repo to be listed in the global projects.list and the trigger which we've added causes it to be listed in projects.hellion.org.uk.list, which is where our custom gitolite-gitweb.conf will look. Setting GIT_CONFIG_KEYS allows those options (owner and desc are syntactic sugar for two of them) to be set here and propagated to the actual repo. Configure git-http-backend (http:// URL cloning) After all that this was pretty simple. I just added this to my vhost before the ScriptAlias / /usr/share/gitweb/gitweb.cgi/ line:

        ScriptAliasMatch \
                "(?x)^/(.*/(HEAD   \
                                info/refs   \
                                objects/(info/[^/]+   \
                                         [0-9a-f] 2 /[0-9a-f] 38    \
                                         pack/pack-[0-9a-f] 40 \.(pack idx))   \
                                git-(upload receive)-pack))$" \
                /usr/lib/git-core/git-http-backend/$1

This (which I stole straight from the git-http-backend(1) manpage causes anything which git-http-backend should deal with to be sent there and everything else to be sent to gitweb. Having done that access is enabled by editing the repo configuration one last time to be:

repo hellion.org.uk/qcontrol
    owner   =   Ian Campbell
    desc    =   qcontrol
    RW+     =   ijc
    R       =   gitweb daemon

Adding R permissions for daemon causes gitolite to drop a stamp file in the repository which tells git-http-backend that it should export it. Configure git daemon (git:// URL cloning) I actually didn't bother with this, git http-backend supports the smart HTTP mode which should be as efficient as the git protocol. Given that I couldn't see any reason to run another network facing daemon on my VPS. FWIW it looks like vhosting could have been achieved by using the --interpolated-path option. Conclusion There's quite a few moving parts, but they all seems to fit together quite nicely. In the end apart from adding www-data to the gitolite group I'm pretty happy with how things ended up.

Rog rio Brito: A Small Python Project (coursera-dl) Activites

Lately, I have been dedicating a lot of my time (well, at least compared to what I used to) to Free Software projects. In particular, I have spent a moderate amount of time with two projects written in Python. In this post, I want to talk about the first, more popular project is called coursera-dl. To be honest, I think that I may have devoted much more time to it than to any other project in particular. With it I started to learn (besides the practices that I already used in Debian), how to program in Python, how to use unit tests (I started with Python's built-in unittest framework, then progressed to nose, and I am now using pytest), hooking up the results of the tests with a continuous integration system (in this case, Travis CI). I must say that I am sold on this idea of testing software (after being a skeptical for way too long) and I can say that I find hacking on other projects without proper testing a bit uncomfortable, since I don't know if I am breaking unrelated parts of the project. My use/migration to pytest was the result of a campaign from pytest.org called Adopt Pytest Month which a kind user of the project let me know about. I got a very skilled volunteer assigned from pytest to our project. Besides learning from their pull requests, one side-effect of this whole story was that I spent a moderate amount of hours trying to understand how properly package and distribute things on PyPI. One tip learned along the way: contrary to the official documentation, use twine, not python setup.py upload. It is more flexible for uploading your package to PyPI. You can see the package on PyPI. Anyway, I made the first upload of the package to PyPI on the 1st of May and it already has almost 1500 downloads, which is far more than what I expected. A word of warning: there are other similarly named projects, but they don't seem to have as much following as we have. A speculation from my side is that this may be, perhaps, due to me spending a lot of time interacting with users in the bug tracker that github provides. Anyway, installation of the program is now as simple as:

pip install coursera

And all the dependencies will be neatly pulled in, without having to mess with multi-step procedures. This is a big win for the users. Also, I even had an offer to package the program to have it available in Debian! Well, despite all the time that this project demanded, I think that I have only good things to say, especially to the original author, John Lehmann.

If you like the project, please let me know and consider yourselves invited to participate lending a hand, testing/using the program or triaging some bugs.

Lucas Nussbaum: systemd: Type=simple and avoiding forking considered harmful?

(This came up in a discussion on debian-user-french@l.d.o) When converting from sysvinit scripts to systemd init files, the default practice seems to be to start services without forking, and to use Type=simple in the service description. What Type=simple does is, well, simple. from systemd.service(5):

If set to simple (the default value if neither Type= nor BusName= are specified), it is expected that the process configured with ExecStart= is the main process of the service. In this mode, if the process offers functionality to other processes on the system, its communication channels should be installed before the daemon is started up (e.g. sockets set up by systemd, via socket activation), as systemd will immediately proceed starting follow-up units. In other words, systemd just runs the command described in ExecStart=, and it s done: it considers the service is started. Unfortunately, this causes a regression compared to the sysvinit behaviour, as described in #778913: if there s a configuration error, the process will start and exit almost immediately. But from systemd s point-of-view, the service will have been started successfully, and the error only shows in the logs:

root@debian:~# systemctl start ssh
root@debian:~# echo $?
0
root@debian:~# systemctl status ssh
  ssh.service - OpenBSD Secure Shell server
 Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/ssh.service; enabled)
 Active: failed (Result: start-limit) since mer. 2015-05-13 09:32:16 CEST; 7s ago
 Process: 2522 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/sshd -D $SSHD_OPTS (code=exited, status=255)
 Main PID: 2522 (code=exited, status=255)

mai 13 09:32:16 debian systemd[1]: ssh.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=255/n/a
mai 13 09:32:16 debian systemd[1]: Unit ssh.service entered failed state.
mai 13 09:32:16 debian systemd[1]: ssh.service start request repeated too quickly, refusing to start.
mai 13 09:32:16 debian systemd[1]: Failed to start OpenBSD Secure Shell server.
mai 13 09:32:16 debian systemd[1]: Unit ssh.service entered failed state.

With sysvinit, this error is detected before the fork(), so it shows during startup:

root@debian:~# service ssh start
 [....] Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd/etc/ssh/sshd_config: line 4: Bad configuration option: blah
 /etc/ssh/sshd_config: terminating, 1 bad configuration options
 failed!
 root@debian:~#

It s not trivial to fix that. The implicit behaviour of sysvinit is that fork() sort-of signals the end of service initialization. The systemd way to do that would be to use Type=notify, and have the service signals that it s ready using systemd-notify(1) or sd_notify(3) (or to use socket activation, but that s another story). However that requires changes to the service. Returning to the sysvinit behaviour by using Type=forking would help, but is not really a solution: but what if some of the initialization happens *after* the fork? This is actually the case for sshd, where the socket is bound after the fork (see strace -f -e trace=process,network /usr/sbin/sshd), so if another process is listening on port 22 and preventing sshd to successfully start, it would not be detected. I wonder if systemd shouldn t do more to detect problems during services initialization, as the transition to proper notification using sd_notify will likely take some time. A possibility would be to wait 100 or 200ms after the start to ensure that the service doesn t exit almost immediately. But that s not really a solution for several obvious reasons. A more hackish, but still less dirty solution could be to poll the state of processes inside the cgroup, and assume that the service is started only when all processes are sleeping. Still, that wouldn t be entirely satisfying

Simon Josefsson: Certificates for XMPP/Jabber

I am revamping my XMPP server and I ve written down notes on how to set up certificates to enable TLS. I will run Debian Jessie with JabberD 2.x, using the recent jabberd2 jessie-backport. The choice of server software is not significant for the rest of this post. Running XMPP over TLS is a good idea. So I need a X.509 PKI for this purpose. I don t want to use a third-party Certificate Authority, since that gives them the ability to man-in-the-middle my XMPP connection. Therefor I want to create my own CA. I prefer tightly scoped (per-purpose or per-application) CAs, so I will set up a CA purely to issue certificates for my XMPP server. The current XMPP specification, RFC 6120, includes a long section 13.7 that discuss requirements on Certificates. One complication is the requirement to include an AIA for OCSP/CRLs fortunately, it is not a strict MUST requirement but a weaker SHOULD . I note that checking revocation using OCSP and CRL is a MUST requirement for certificate validation some specification language impedence mismatch at work there. The specification demand that the CA certificate MUST have a keyUsage extension with the digitalSignature bit set. This feels odd to me, and I m wondering if keyCertSign was intended instead. Nothing in the XMPP document, nor in any PKIX document as far as I am aware of, will verify that the digitalSignature bit is asserted in a CA certificate. Below I will assert both bits, since a CA needs the keyCertSign bit and the digitalSignature bit seems unnecessary but mostly harmless. My XMPP/Jabber server will be chat.sjd.se and my JID will be simon@josefsson.org . This means the server certificate need to include references to both these domains. The relevant DNS records for the josefsson.org zone is as follows, see section 3.2.1 of RFC 6120 for more background.

_xmpp-client._tcp.josefsson.org.	IN	SRV 5 0 5222 chat.sjd.se.
_xmpp-server._tcp.josefsson.org.	IN	SRV 5 0 5269 chat.sjd.se.

The DNS records or the sjd.se zone is as follows:

chat.sjd.se.	IN	A	...
chat.sjd.se.	IN	AAAA	...

The following commands will generate the private key and certificate for the CA. In a production environment, you would keep the CA private key in a protected offline environment. I m asserting a expiration date ~30 years in the future. While I dislike arbitrary limits, I believe this will be many times longer than the anticipated lifelength of this setup.

openssl genrsa -out josefsson-org-xmpp-ca-key.pem 3744
cat > josefsson-org-xmpp-ca-crt.conf << EOF
[ req ]
x509_extensions = v3_ca
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
prompt = no
[ req_distinguished_name ]
CN=XMPP CA for josefsson.org
[ v3_ca ]
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
basicConstraints = CA:true
keyUsage=critical, digitalSignature, keyCertSign
EOF
openssl req -x509 -set_serial 1 -new -days 11147 -sha256 -config josefsson-org-xmpp-ca-crt.conf -key josefsson-org-xmpp-ca-key.pem -out josefsson-org-xmpp-ca-crt.pem

Let s generate the private key and server certificate for the XMPP server. The wiki page on XMPP certificates is outdated wrt PKIX extensions. I will embed a SRV-ID field, as discussed in RFC 6120 section 13.7.1.2.1 and RFC 4985. I chose to skip the XmppAddr identifier type, even though the specification is somewhat unclear about it: section 13.7.1.2.1 says that it is no longer encouraged in certificates issued by certification authorities while section 13.7.1.4 says Use of the id-on-xmppAddr format is RECOMMENDED in the generation of certificates . The latter quote should probably have been qualified to say client certificates rather than certificates , since the latter can refer to both client and server certificates. Note the use of a default expiration time of one month: I believe in frequent renewal of entity certificates, rather than use of revocation mechanisms.

openssl genrsa -out josefsson-org-xmpp-server-key.pem 3744
cat > josefsson-org-xmpp-server-csr.conf << EOF
[ req ]
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
prompt = no
[ req_distinguished_name ]
CN=XMPP server for josefsson.org
EOF
openssl req -sha256 -new -config josefsson-org-xmpp-server-csr.conf -key josefsson-org-xmpp-server-key.pem -nodes -out josefsson-org-xmpp-server-csr.pem
cat > josefsson-org-xmpp-server-crt.conf << EOF
subjectAltName=@san
[san]
DNS=chat.sjd.se
otherName.0=1.3.6.1.5.5.7.8.7;UTF8:_xmpp-server.josefsson.org
otherName.1=1.3.6.1.5.5.7.8.7;UTF8:_xmpp-client.josefsson.org
EOF
openssl x509 -sha256 -CA josefsson-org-xmpp-ca-crt.pem -CAkey josefsson-org-xmpp-ca-key.pem -set_serial 2 -req -in josefsson-org-xmpp-server-csr.pem -out josefsson-org-xmpp-server-crt.pem -extfile josefsson-org-xmpp-server-crt.conf

With this setup, my XMPP server can be tested by the XMPP IM Observatory. You can see the c2s test results and the s2s test results. Of course, there are warnings regarding the trust anchor issue. It complains about a self-signed certificate in the chain. This is permitted but not recommended however when the trust anchor is not widely known, I find it useful to include it. This allows people to have a mechanism of fetching the trust anchor certificate should they want to. Some weaker cipher suites trigger warnings, which is more of a jabberd2 configuration issue and/or a concern with jabberd2 defaults. My jabberd2 configuration is simple in c2s.xml I add a <id> entity with the require-starttls , cachain , and pemfile fields. In s2s.xml, I have the <pemfile>, <resolve-ipv6>, and <require-tls> entities. Some final words are in order. While this setup will result in use of TLS for XMPP connections (c2s and s2s), other servers are unlikely to find my CA trust anchor, let alone be able to trust it for verifying my server certificate. I m happy to read about Peter Saint-Andre s recent SSL/TLS work, and in particular I will follow the POSH effort.

Julien Danjou: My interview about software tests and Python

I've recently been contacted by Johannes Hubertz, who is writing a new book about Python in German called "Softwaretests mit Python" which will be published by Open Source Press, Munich this summer. His book will feature some interviews, and he was kind enough to let me write a bit about software testing. This is the interview that I gave for his book. Johannes translated to German and it will be included in Johannes' book, and I decided to publish it on my blog today. Following is the original version. How did you come to Python?

I don't recall exactly, but around ten years ago, I saw more and more people using it and decided to take a look. Back then, I was more used to Perl. I didn't really like Perl and was not getting a good grip on its object system. As soon as I found an idea to work on if I remember correctly that was rebuildd I started to code in Python, learning the language at the same time. I liked how Python worked, and how fast I was to able to develop and learn it, so I decided to keep using it for my next projects. I ended up diving into Python core for some reasons, even doing things like briefly hacking on projects like Cython at some point, and finally ended up working on OpenStack. OpenStack is a cloud computing platform entirely written in Python. So I've been writing Python every day since working on it. That's what pushed me to write The Hacker's Guide to Python in 2013 and then self-publish it a year later in 2014, a book where I talk about doing smart and efficient Python. It had a great success, has even been translated in Chinese and Korean, so I'm currently working on a second edition of the book. It has been an amazing adventure! Zen of Python: Which line is the most important for you and why?

I like the "There should be one and preferably only one obvious way to do it". The opposite is probably something that scared me in languages like Perl. But having one obvious way to do it is and something I tend to like in functional languages like Lisp, which are in my humble opinion, even better at that. For a python newbie, what are the most difficult subjects in Python?

I haven't been a newbie since a while, so it's hard for me to say. I don't think the language is hard to learn. There are some subtlety in the language itself when you deeply dive into the internals, but for beginners most of the concept are pretty straight-forward. If I had to pick, in the language basics, the most difficult thing would be around the generator objects (yield). Nowadays I think the most difficult subject for new comers is what version of Python to use, which libraries to rely on, and how to package and distribute projects. Though things get better, fortunately. When did you start using Test Driven Development and why?

I learned unit testing and TDD at school where teachers forced me to learn Java, and I hated it. The frameworks looked complicated, and I had the impression I was losing my time. Which I actually was, since I was writing disposable programs that's the only thing you do at school. Years later, when I started to write real and bigger programs (e.g. rebuildd), I quickly ended up fixing bugs I already fixed. That recalled me about unit tests and that it may be a good idea to start using them to stop fixing the same things over and over again. For a few years, I wrote less Python and more C code and Lua (for the awesome window manager), and I didn't use any testing. I probably lost hundreds of hours testing manually and fixing regressions that was a good lesson. Though I had good excuses at that time it is/was way harder to do testing in C/Lua than in Python. Since that period, I have never stopped writing "tests". When I started to hack on OpenStack, the project was adopting a "no test? no merge!" policy due to the high number of regressions it had during the first releases. I honestly don't think I could work on any project that does not have at least a minimal test coverage. It's impossible to hack efficiently on a code base that you're not able to test in just a simple command. It's also a real problem for new comers in the open source world. When there are no test, you can hack something and send a patch, and get a "you broke this" in response. Nowadays, this kind of response sounds unacceptable to me: if there is no test, then I didn't break anything! In the end, it's just too much frustration to work on non tested projects as I demonstrated in my study of whisper source code. What do you think to be the most often seen pitfalls of TDD and how to avoid them best?

The biggest problems are when and at what rate writing tests. On one hand, some people starts to write too precise tests way too soon. Doing that slows you down, especially when you are prototyping some idea or concept you just had. That does not mean that you should not do test at all, but you should probably start with a light coverage, until you are pretty sure that you're not going to rip every thing and start over. On the other hand, some people postpone writing tests for ever, and end up with no test all or a too thin layer of test. Which makes the project with a pretty low coverage. Basically, your test coverage should reflect the state of your project. If it's just starting, you should build a thin layer of test so you can hack it on it easily and remodel it if needed. The more your project grow, the more you should make it sold and lay more tests. Having too detailed tests is painful to make the project evolve at the start. Having not enough in a big project makes it painful to maintain it. Do you think, TDD fits and scales well for the big projects like OpenStack?

Not only I think it fits and scales well, but I also think it's just impossible to not use TDD in such big projects. When unit and functional tests coverage was weak in OpenStack at its beginning it was just impossible to fix a bug or write a new feature without breaking a lot of things without even noticing. We would release version N, and a ton of old bugs present in N-2 but fixed in N-1 were reopened. For big projects, with a lot of different use cases, configuration options, etc, you need belt and braces. You cannot throw code in a repository thinking it's going to work ever, and you can't afford to test everything manually at each commit. That's just insane.

Craig Small: procps using GitLab CI

The procps project for a few years has been hosted at Gitorious. With the announcement that Gitorious has been acquired by GitLab and that all repositories need to move there, procps moved along to GitLab. At first I thought it would just be a like for like thing, but then I noticed that GitLab has this GitLab CI feature and had to try it out. CI here stands for Continuous Integration and is a way of automatically testing your program builds using a bunch of test scripts. procps already has a set of tests, with some a level of coverage that has room for improvement, so it was a good candidate to use for CI. The way GitLab works is they have a central control point that is linked to the git repo and you create runners, which are the systems that actually compile the programs and run the tests. The runners then feed back their results and GitLab CI shows it all in pretty red or green. The first problem was building this runner. Most of the documentation assumes you are building testing for Ruby. procps is built using C with the test scripts in TCL, so there was going to be some need to make some adjustments. I chose to use docker containers so that there was at least some isolation between the runners and the base system. I soon found the docker container I used (ruby:2.6 as suggested by GitLab) didn t have autopoint which mean autogen.sh failed so I had no configure script so no joy there. Now my second problem was I had never used docker before and beyond that it was some sort of container thing so like virtual machines lite, I didn t know much about it. The docker docs are very good and soon I had built my own custom docker image that had all the programs I need to compile and test procps. It s basically a cut-down Debian image with a few things like gettext-bin and dejagnu added in. Docker is not a full system With that all behind me and a few oh I need that too (don t forget you need git) moments we had a working CI runner. This was a Good Thing. You then find that your assumptions for your test cases may not always be correct. This is especially noticeable when testing something like procps which needs to work of the proc filesystem. A good example is, what uses session ID 1? Generally its init or systemd, but in Docker this is what everything runs as. A test case which assumes things about SID=1 will fail, as it did. This probably won t be a problem for testing a lot of normal programs that don t need to dig a deep into the host system as procps does, but it is something to remember. The docker environment looks a lot like a real system from the inside, but there are differences, so the lesson here is to write better tests (or fix the ones that failed, like I did). The runner and polling Now, there needs to be communication between the CI website and the runner, so the runner knows there is something for it to do. The gitlab runner has this setup rather well, except the runner is rather aggressive about its polling, hitting the website every 3 seconds. For someone on some crummy Australian Internet with low speeds and download quotas, this can get expensive in network resources. As there is on average an update once a week or so these seems rather excessive. My fix is pretty manual, actually its totally manual. I stop the daemon, then if I notice there are pending jobs I start the daemon, let it do its thing, then shut it down again. This is certainly not an optimal solution but works for now. I will look into doing something more clever later, possibly with webhooks.

Steve Kemp: On de-duplicating uploaded file-content.

This evening I've been mostly playing with removing duplicate content. I've had this idea for the past few days about object-storage, and obviously in that context if you can handle duplicate content cleanly that's a big win. The naive implementation of object-storage involves splitting uploaded files into chunks, storing them separately, and writing database-entries such that you can reassemble the appropriate chunks when the object is retrieved. If you store chunks on-disk, by the hash of their contents, then things are nice and simple. The end result is that you might upload the file /etc/passwd, split that into four-byte chunks, and then hash each chunk using SHA256. This leaves you with some database-entries, and a bunch of files on-disk:

/tmp/hashed/ef267892ee080862c96a8d2d05de62f48e20f0875f27379e7d58c73ea4455bf1
/tmp/hashed/a378977155fb42bb006496321cbe31f74cbda803c3f6ca590f30e76d1afad921
..
/tmp/hashed/3805b0245bc8375be7125ae228eef711552ac082ffb9bf8756e2964a2393a9de

In my toy-code I wrote out the data in 4-byte chunks, which is grossly ineffeciant. But the value of using such small pieces is that there is liable to be a lot of collisions, and that means we save-space. It is a trade-off. So the main thing I was experimenting with was the size of the chunks. If you make them too small you lose I/O due to the overhead of writing out so many small files, but you gain because collisions are common. The rough testing I did involved using chunks of 16, 32, 128, 255, 512, 1024, 2048, and 4096 bytes. As sizes went up the overhead shrank, but also so did the collisions. Unless you could handle the case of users uploading a lot of files like /bin/ls which are going to collide 100% of the time with prior uploads using larger chunks just didn't win as much as I thought they would. I wrote a toy server using Sinatra & Ruby, which handles the splitting/hashing/and stored block-IDs in SQLite. It's not so novel given that it took only an hour or so to write. The downside of my approach is also immediately apparent. All the data must live on a single machine - so that reassmbly works in the simple fashion. That's possible, even with lots of content if you use GlusterFS, or similar, but it's probably not a great approach in general. If you have large capacity storage avilable locally then this might would well enough for storing backups, etc, but .. yeah.

John Goerzen: I Give Up on Google: Free is Too Expensive

I am really tired of things Google has done lately. The most recent example being retiring Classic Maps. That s a problem, because the current Maps mysteriously doesn t show most of my saved ( starred ) places. Google has known about this since at least 2013. There are posts all over their forums about it going back to when what is now regular Google Maps was beta. Google employees even knew about it and did nothing. For someone that made heavy use of it, this was quite annoying. But there have been plenty of others:

Removing My Places and My Maps from Maps for Android. Those features were used to, for instance, plan trips, highlight routes, add campground possibilities, etc. (They eventually brought this feature back months/years later, in limited form.)
Removed the 7-day and month views from Calendar for Android, claiming this was better for users. Finally re-added those views a few months later after many complaints. I even participated in a survey process with them where they were clearly struggling to understand why anybody wanted to see 7 days at once, when that feature had been there for years
Removing the XMPP capabilities in Google Talk/Hangouts.
Picasaweb pretty much shut down, with very strong redirects to Google+ Photos. Which still to this day doesn t have a handy feature for embedding in a blog post or anything that s not, well, Google+.
General creeping crapification of everything they touch. It s almost like Microsoft in the 90s all over again. All of a sudden my starred places stop showing up in Google Maps, but show up in Google Drive shared with the whole world. What? I never wanted them in Google Drive to start with.
All the products that are all-but-dead Google Groups and the sad state of the Deja News archives. Maybe Google+ itself goes on this list soon?
Looks like they re trying to kill off Google Voice and merge it into hangouts, but I can t send a text from the web with Hangouts.
And this massive list of discontinued services and products. Yeowch. Remember when Google Code was hot, and then they didn t touch it at all for years?
And they still haven t fixed some really basic things, such as letting people change their email address when they get married.
Dropping SIP from Grand Central, ActiveSync from Apps, etc.

I even used to use Flickr, then moved to Picasa when Yahoo stopped investing in Flickr. Now I m back to Flickr, because Google stopped investing in Picasa. The takeaway is that you can t really rely on Google for anything. Counting on something being there for an upcoming trip and then having it be suddenly yanked away is a level of frustration that just makes the service not so useful. Never knowing when obvious things (7-day calendar view) will be removed means you just can t depend on it. So, are there good alternatives? Things I m thinking of include:

Alternative calendar applications. Ideally it would support shared calendars for multiple people in a family, an Android app that lets you easily view some or all calendars, etc. I wonder if outlook.com is really the only competitor here? Last I looked a few years ago none of the Open Source options really worked well.
Alternative mapping applications. Must-haves include directions, navigation in the car, saving points of interest, and offline storage on Android. Nice-to-haves would include restaurant review integration, etc. Looks like Nokia (HERE.com) and Mapquest, plus a few OSM spinoffs, are the leading contenders here.
Email is easily enough found elsewhere, and I ve never used Gmail much anyhow.

Anybody else moving off Google?

Miriam Ruiz: SuperTuxKart 0.9: The other side of the story

I approached the SuperTuxKart community fearing some backslash due to last week s discussion about their release 0.9, to find instead a nice, friendly and welcoming community. I have already had some very nice talks with them since then, and they have patiently explained to me the sequence of events that led to the situation that I mentioned and that, for the sake of fairness, I consider that I have to share here too. You can read the log of the first conversation I had with them (the log has been edited and cleared up for clarity and readability). I seriously recommend reading it, it s a honest friendly conversation, and it s first hand. For those who don t already know the game:

All this story seems to start with the complain of a 6 yo girl, close relative of one of the developers and STK user, who explained that she always felt that Mario Kart was better because there was a princess in it. I m not particularly happy with princesses as role models for girls, but one thing I have always said is that we have to listen to kids and take their opinions into accounts, and I know that if I had such a request from one of the kids closer to me, I probably would have fulfilled it too. In any case, Free Software projects based on volunteer work are essentially a do-ocracy and it is assumed that whoever does the work, gets to decide about it.

So that is how Princess Sara was added to the game. While developing it, I was assured that they took extra care that her proportions were somehow realistic, and not as distorted as we re used to see in Barbie or many Disney films. Sara is inspired on an OpenGameArt s wizard and is not supposed to be a weak damsel in distress, but in fact a powerful character in the world s universe.

Sara is not the only female character playable. There are a few others: Suzanne (a monkey, Blender s mascot), Xue (XFCE s mouse) and Amanda (a panda, the mascot of windows maker). Sara happens to be the only human character playable, male or female. While it has been argued that by adding that character, a player might have the impression that the rest of the characters would be male by default, I have been told that the intention is exactly the opposite,and that the fact that the only human playable character in the game is female should make it more attractive to girls. To some, at least. Here are some images of Sara:

So the fact is that they have invested a lot of time in developing Sara s model. I m not an artist myself, so I don t know first hand how much time and effort it takes to make such a model, but in any case it seems that quite a lot. When they designed the beach track Gran Paradiso, they wanted to add people to the beach. That track is, in fact, inspired on a real existing place: Princess Juliana Airport. Time was over and they wanted to publish a version with what they already had, so they used Sara s model in a bikini on the beach, with the intention of adding more people, male and female, later. The overall view of the beach would be:

This is how that track shows when the players are driving in it:

Now, about the poster of version 0.9, it is supposed to be inspired in the previous poster of version 0.8.1, only this time inspired in Carnival (which is, in fact, a celebration in which sexualization of both genders is a core part). I know that there are accusations of cultural apropriation, but I couldn t know, as my white privilege probably shields me from seeing that. Up to now, no one has said anything about that, only Gunnar explaining his point of view as a non-native mexican: While the poster does not strike as the most cautious possible, I do not see it as culturally offensive. It does not attempt to set a scene portraiting what were the cultures really like; the portrait it paints is similar to so many fantasy recreations . In my opinion, even when the model is done in good taste, with no superbig breasts and no unrealistic waist, it s still depicting a girl without much clothes as the main element of the scene, with an attire, a posture and an attitude that clearly resembles carnival and, thus, inevitably conveys a message of sexualization. Even though I can t deny that it s a cute poster, it s one I wouldn t be happy to see for example in a school, if someone wanted to promote the game there. The author of the poster, anyway, tells me that he had a totally different intention when doing it, and he wanted to depict a powerful princess, in the center of SuperTuxKart s universe, celebrating the new engine.

About the panties showing every now and then, I ve been told that it s something so hard to see that in fact you would really have to open the model itself to view them. I m not saying that I like them though, I think it would have been better if Sara would have had short pants under the skirt, if she was going to drive the snowmobile with a dress, but I m not sure if that s something important enough to condemn the game. The original girl mentioned at the beginning of this post seems to have found the animation funny, started laughing, and said that Sara is very silly, and that was all. It s probably something more silly than naughty, I guess. Even though, as I said, it s something I don t like too much. I don t have to agree with STK developers in everything. I guess.

There s one thing I would like to highlight about my conversations with the developers of SuperTuxKart, though. I like them. They seem to be as concerned about the wellbeing of kids as I am, they have their own ethic norms of what s acceptable and what s not, and they want to do something to be proud of. Sometimes, many of these conflicts arise from a lack of trust. When I first saw the screenshots with the girl in bikini and the panties showing, I was honestly concerned about the direction the project was taking. After having talked with the developers, I am more calmed about it, because they seem to have their heart in the right place, they care, they are motivated and they work hard. I don t know if a princess would be my first choice for a main female character, but at least their intention seems to be to give some girls a sensible role model in the game with who they can identify.

Laura Arjona: Debian Publicity Team meeting today!

Today at 18:00 UTC (this evening for me) there will be a Debian Publicity Team IRC meeting (open meeting, everybody invited), and I m very happy because it will be the first meeting that I know of, since I joined the team (years!). Being part of the Publicity team There are many tasks handled by Publicity, and when I joined, I supposed that I was going to be part of a team with many members and well structured. And it was true but not as I imagined. Publicity is a great team, in the sense that it accepts contributions from many people, and the few core members do an amazing work: on one side, get things done; on the other side, integrate all those occasional contributions from the wider community. But there are fewer core contributors than what one would expect by the output of the team. I would say we are maximum 10 people (out of 353 voters, 1033 Debian Developers, and 1197 contributors in the Debian Community in 2015). And as far as I know, everybody is member of some other teams too (I m a translator, others in website team, sysadmins, packaging teams and now we have a member sharing Publicity membership with DPL-ship!). Organisation around the tasks Publicity regular tasks (announcements, the newsletter Debian Project News , posting in social networks and in bits.debian.org, and other ) are all well defined and documented, in order to allow anybody jump in and help, and this is great, because it ensures a way for contributions to arrive the wide audience from the very first day: you pick something, you follow the instructions, and you re done. I love this approach, because I tend to prefer to follow instructions than to create something, and my Debian time is made of small chunks at random days/times. But sometimes I feel that we all work alone , in something like a cold, robotic do-ocracy, and I also wonder how many people don t contribute or become regular contributors just because they don t understand the procedures, or they don t like them, or other reasons IRC meeting IRC is something that I use only for contributing to free software, not in other parts of my life. I like IRC, it s productive and fun, but I m not always there, and I don t save logs when I am idle, and I usually prefer email for communication. However, I try to be more present in the Debian IRC channels of the teams where I contribute, because I ve learned that it plays a big role in feeling at home in Debian . Currently you can find me in #debconf-team #debconf15-germany #debian-i18n #debian-l10n-spanish #debian-publicity #debian-women and #debian-www . I ve attended some meetings in IRC (MediaGoblin monthly meetings, and DebConf15 meetings) and I ve learned about MeetBot and more or less how to chair an IRC meeting. Today it will be my first time chairing, it s hard to emulate so great chairs as Marga or Chris Webber, bu I hope I do it decently, and we all have a nice time knowing each other and sharing ideas for the Publicity team. Want to attend? All the details (when, where, agenda ) in the wiki page of the meeting. See you in a few hours!
Filed under: My experiences and opinion Tagged: Communities, Contributing to libre software, Debian, English, Free Software, IRC, libre software, Project Management

Erich Schubert: @Zigo: Why I don't package Hadoop myself

A quick reply to Zigo's post:

Well, I looked at the Bigtop efforts because I needed Hadoop packages. But they are not very useful. They have lots of issues (including empty packages, naming conflicts etc.).

I filed a few bugs, and I even uploaded my fixes to Github. Some of that went unnoticed, because Sean Owen of Cloudera decided to remove all Debian packaging from Spark. But in the end, even with these fixes, the resulting packages do not live up to Debian quality standards (not to say, they would outright violate policy).

If you wanted to package Hadoop properly, you should ditch Apache Bigtop, and instead use the existing best practises for packaging. Using any of the Bigtop work just makes your job harder, by pulling in additional dependencies like their modified Groovy.

But whatever you do, you will be stuck in .jar dependency hell. Whatever you look at, it pulls in another batch of dependencies, that all need to be properly packaged, too. Here is the dependency chain of Hadoop:

[INFO] +- org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-hdfs:jar:2.6.0:compile
[INFO]    +- com.google.guava:guava:jar:11.0.2:compile
[INFO]    +- org.mortbay.jetty:jetty:jar:6.1.26:compile
[INFO]    +- org.mortbay.jetty:jetty-util:jar:6.1.26:compile
[INFO]    +- com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:jar:1.9:compile
[INFO]    +- com.sun.jersey:jersey-server:jar:1.9:compile
[INFO]       \- asm:asm:jar:3.1:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-cli:commons-cli:jar:1.2:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.4:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-io:commons-io:jar:2.4:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-lang:commons-lang:jar:2.6:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.1.3:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-daemon:commons-daemon:jar:1.0.13:compile
[INFO]    +- javax.servlet.jsp:jsp-api:jar:2.1:compile
[INFO]    +- log4j:log4j:jar:1.2.17:compile
[INFO]    +- com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java:jar:2.5.0:compile
[INFO]    +- javax.servlet:servlet-api:jar:2.5:compile
[INFO]    +- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:jar:1.9.13:compile
[INFO]    +- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:jar:1.9.13:compile
[INFO]    +- tomcat:jasper-runtime:jar:5.5.23:compile
[INFO]    +- xmlenc:xmlenc:jar:0.52:compile
[INFO]    +- io.netty:netty:jar:3.6.2.Final:compile
[INFO]    +- xerces:xercesImpl:jar:2.9.1:compile
[INFO]       \- xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:1.3.04:compile
[INFO]    \- org.htrace:htrace-core:jar:3.0.4:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-auth:jar:2.6.0:compile
[INFO]    +- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.5:compile
[INFO]    +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:jar:4.2.5:compile
[INFO]       \- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:jar:4.2.4:compile
[INFO]    +- org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-kerberos-codec:jar:2.0.0-M15:compile
[INFO]       +- org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-i18n:jar:2.0.0-M15:compile
[INFO]       +- org.apache.directory.api:api-asn1-api:jar:1.0.0-M20:compile
[INFO]       \- org.apache.directory.api:api-util:jar:1.0.0-M20:compile
[INFO]    +- org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper:jar:3.4.6:compile
[INFO]       +- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:jar:1.7.5:compile
[INFO]       \- jline:jline:jar:0.9.94:compile
[INFO]    \- org.apache.curator:curator-framework:jar:2.6.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-common:jar:2.6.0:compile
[INFO]    +- org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-annotations:jar:2.6.0:compile
[INFO]       \- jdk.tools:jdk.tools:jar:1.6:system
[INFO]    +- org.apache.commons:commons-math3:jar:3.1.1:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-httpclient:commons-httpclient:jar:3.1:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-net:commons-net:jar:3.1:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-collections:commons-collections:jar:3.2.1:compile
[INFO]    +- com.sun.jersey:jersey-json:jar:1.9:compile
[INFO]       +- org.codehaus.jettison:jettison:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO]       +- com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-impl:jar:2.2.3-1:compile
[INFO]          \- javax.xml.bind:jaxb-api:jar:2.2.2:compile
[INFO]             +- javax.xml.stream:stax-api:jar:1.0-2:compile
[INFO]             \- javax.activation:activation:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO]       +- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-jaxrs:jar:1.8.3:compile
[INFO]       \- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-xc:jar:1.8.3:compile
[INFO]    +- net.java.dev.jets3t:jets3t:jar:0.9.0:compile
[INFO]       \- com.jamesmurty.utils:java-xmlbuilder:jar:0.4:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-configuration:commons-configuration:jar:1.6:compile
[INFO]       +- commons-digester:commons-digester:jar:1.8:compile
[INFO]          \- commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils:jar:1.7.0:compile
[INFO]       \- commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils-core:jar:1.8.0:compile
[INFO]    +- org.apache.avro:avro:jar:1.7.4:compile
[INFO]       +- com.thoughtworks.paranamer:paranamer:jar:2.3:compile
[INFO]       \- org.xerial.snappy:snappy-java:jar:1.0.4.1:compile
[INFO]    +- com.google.code.gson:gson:jar:2.2.4:compile
[INFO]    +- com.jcraft:jsch:jar:0.1.42:compile
[INFO]    +- org.apache.curator:curator-client:jar:2.6.0:compile
[INFO]    +- org.apache.curator:curator-recipes:jar:2.6.0:compile
[INFO]    +- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:jar:1.3.9:compile
[INFO]    \- org.apache.commons:commons-compress:jar:1.4.1:compile
[INFO]       \- org.tukaani:xz:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-core:jar:1.2.1:compile
[INFO]    +- org.apache.commons:commons-math:jar:2.1:compile
[INFO]    +- tomcat:jasper-compiler:jar:5.5.23:compile
[INFO]    +- org.mortbay.jetty:jsp-api-2.1:jar:6.1.14:compile
[INFO]       \- org.mortbay.jetty:servlet-api-2.5:jar:6.1.14:compile
[INFO]    +- org.mortbay.jetty:jsp-2.1:jar:6.1.14:compile
[INFO]       \- ant:ant:jar:1.6.5:compile
[INFO]    +- commons-el:commons-el:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO]    +- hsqldb:hsqldb:jar:1.8.0.10:compile
[INFO]    +- oro:oro:jar:2.0.8:compile
[INFO]    \- org.eclipse.jdt:core:jar:3.1.1:compile

So the first step for packaging Hadoop would be to check which of these dependencies are not yet packaged in Debian... I guess 1/3 is not.

Maybe, we should just rip out some of these dependencies with a cluebat. For the stupid reason of making a webfrontend (which doesn't provide a lot of functionality, and I doubt many people use it at all), Hadoop embeds not just one web server, but two: Jetty and Netty...

Things would also be easier if e.g. S3 support, htrace, the web frontend, and different data serializations were properly put into modules. Then you could postpose S3 support, for example.

As I said, the deeper you dig, the crazier it gets.

If the OpenDataPlatform efforts of Hortonworks, Pivotal and IBM were anything but a marketing gag, they would try to address these technical issues. Instead, they make things worse by specifying yet another fatter core, including Ambari, Apaches attempt to automatically make a mess out of your servers - essentially, they are now adding the ultimate root shell, for all those cases where unaudited puppet commands and "curl sudo bash" was not bad enough:

Example:
  command1 = as_sudo(["cat,"/etc/passwd"]) + "   grep user"

(from the Ambari python documentation)

The closer you look, the more you want to rather die than use this.

P.S. I have updated the libtrove3-java package (Java collections for primitive types; but no longer the fastest such library), so that it is now in the local maven repository (/usr/share/maven-repo) and that it can be rebuilt reproducible (the build user name is no longer in the jar manifest).

Neil Williams: vmextract userspace VM helper

In my previous post, I covered how to extend an initramfs to serve as a basis for tests and other purposes. In that example, the initramfs was simply copied off a device after installation. It occurred to me that python-guestfs would be a useful tool to make this step easier. So I ve written the vmextract helper which is currently in the vmdebootstrap upstream git and will make it into the next release of vmdebootstrap for Debian (0.7). Once vmdebootstrap has built an image, various files can be generated or modified during the install operations and some of these files can be useful when testing the image or packages which would be included in an updated image, before release. One example is the initrd built by the process of installing a Debian kernel. Rather than having to mount the image and copy the files manually, the vmextract helper can do it for you, without needing root privileges or any special setup.

$ /usr/share/vmdebootstrap/vmextract.py --verbose --boot \
  --image bbb/bbb-debian-armmp.img \
  --path /boot/initrd.img-3.14-2-armmp \
  --path /lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libresolv.so.2

This uses python-guestfs (which will become a Recommended package for vmdebootstrap) to prepare a read-only version of the image in this case with the /boot partition also mounted and copies files out into the current working directory. Note the repeating use of --path to build a list of files to be copied out. To copy out an entire directory (and all sub-directories) as a single tarball, use:

$ /usr/share/vmdebootstrap/vmextract.py --verbose --boot \
  --image bbb/bbb-debian-armmp.img \
  --directory /boot/ \
  --filename bbb-armmp-boot.tgz

If --filename is not specified, the default filename is vmextract.tgz. (vmextract uses gzip compression, just because.) The other point to note is the use of the --boot option to mount the /boot partition as well as the root partition of the image as this example uses the beaglebone-black support which has a boot partition. It s just a little helper which I hope will prove useful if only to avoid both the need for sudo and the need for loopback mount operations with the inherent confusion of calculating offsets. Thanks to the developers of python-guestfs for making this workable in barely 100 lines of python. It uses the same cliapp support as vmdebootstrap, so can be used silently in scripts by omitting the --verbose option. I haven t taken this on to the next step of unpacking the initrd and extending it, but that would just a bit of shell scripting using the files extracted by vmextract.py. Next! Next on the list will be extensions to vmdebootstrap to build live images of Debian, essentially adding Debian Installer to a vmdebootstrap image, which could actually be another python-guestfs helper (mounting read-write this time) to avoid adding lots more code to vmdebootstrap (which has grown to nearly 600 lines of python). That way, we can publish the bare VM images as well as a live conversion and reducing the number of times debootstrap needs to be called.