This is the least important chapter in this book. At least, that's what we've been told by the React team. They didn't specifically say, "this is the least important chapter, don't write it." They've only issued a series of tweets warning educators and evangelists that much of their work in this area will very soon be outdated. All of this will change.

remotes/private/attic/novena                    822ca2bb add letter i sent to novena, never published
remotes/private/attic/secureboot                de09d82b quick review, add note and graph
remotes/private/attic/wireguard                 5c5340d1 wireguard review, tutorial and comparison with alternatives
remotes/private/backlog/dat                     914c5edf Merge branch 'master' into backlog/dat
remotes/private/backlog/packet                  9b2c6d1a ham radio packet innovations and primer
remotes/private/backlog/performance-tweaks      dcf02676 config notes for http2
remotes/private/backlog/serverless              9fce6484 postponed until kubecon europe
remotes/private/fin/cost-of-hosting             00d8e499 cost-of-hosting article online
remotes/private/fin/kubecon                     f4fd7df2 remove published or spun off articles
remotes/private/fin/kubecon-overview            21fae984 publish kubecon overview article
remotes/private/fin/kubecon2018                 1edc5ec8 add series
remotes/private/fin/netconf                     3f4b7ece publish the netconf articles
remotes/private/fin/netdev                      6ee66559 publish articles from netdev 2.2
remotes/private/fin/pgp-offline                 f841deed pgp offline branch ready for publication
remotes/private/fin/primes                      c7e5b912 publish the ROCA paper
remotes/private/fin/runtimes                    4bee1d70 prepare publication of runtimes articles
remotes/private/fin/token-benchmarks            5a363992 regenerate timestamp automatically
remotes/private/ideas/astropy                   95d53152 astropy or python in astronomy
remotes/private/ideas/avaneya                   20a6d149 crowdfunded blade-runner-themed GPLv3 simcity-like simulator
remotes/private/ideas/backups-benchmarks        fe2f1f13 review of backup software through performance and features
remotes/private/ideas/cumin                     7bed3945 review of the cumin automation tool from WM foundation
remotes/private/ideas/future-of-distros         d086ca0d modern packaging problems and complex apps
remotes/private/ideas/on-dying                  a92ad23f another dying thing
remotes/private/ideas/openpgp-discovery         8f2782f0 openpgp discovery mechanisms (WKD, etc), thanks to jonas meurer
remotes/private/ideas/password-bench            451602c0 bruteforce estimates for various password patterns compared with RSA key sizes
remotes/private/ideas/prometheus-openmetrics    2568dbd6 openmetrics standardizing prom metrics enpoints
remotes/private/ideas/telling-time              f3c24a53 another way of telling time
remotes/private/ideas/wallabako                 4f44c5da talk about wallabako, read-it-later + kobo hacking
remotes/private/stalled/bench-bench-bench       8cef0504 benchmarking http benchmarking tools
remotes/private/stalled/debian-survey-democracy 909bdc98 free software surveys and debian democracy, volunteer vs paid work

Attic Those are articles that I thought about, then finally rejected, either because it didn't seem worth it, or my editors rejected it, or I just moved on:

• novena: the project is ooold now, didn't seem to fit a LWN article. it was basically "how can i build my novena now" and "you guys rock!" it seems like the MNT Reform is the brain child of the Novena now, and I dare say it's even cooler!
• secureboot: my LWN editors were critical of my approach, and probably rightly so - it's a really complex subject and I was probably out of my depth... it's also out of date now, we did manage secureboot in Debian
• wireguard: LWN ended up writing extensive coverage, and I was biased against Donenfeld because of conflicts in a previous project

Backlog Those were articles I was planning to write about next.

• dat: I already had written Sharing and archiving data sets with Dat, but it seems I had more to say... mostly performance issues, beaker, no streaming, limited adoption... to be investigated, I guess?
• packet: a primer on data communications over ham radio, and the cool new tech that has emerged in the free software world. those are mainly notes about Pat, Direwolf, APRS and so on... just never got around to making sense of it or really using the tech...
• performance-tweaks: "optimizing websites at the age of http2", the unwritten story of the optimization of this website with HTTP/2 and friends
• serverless: god. one of the leftover topics at Kubecon, my notes on this were thin, and the actual subject, possibly even thinner... the only lie worse than the cloud is that there's no server at all! concretely, that's a pile of notes about Kubecon which I wanted to sort through. Probably belongs in the attic now.

Fin Those are finished articles, they were published on my website and LWN, but the branches were kept because previous drafts had private notes that should not be published.

Ideas

• astropy: "Python in astronomy" - had a chat with saimn while writing about sigal, and it turns out he actually works on free software in astronomy, in Python... I actually expect LWN to cover this sooner than later, after Lee Phillips's introduction to SciPy
• avaneya: crowdfunded blade-runner-themed GPLv3 simcity-like simulator, i just have that link so far
• backups-benchmarks: review of backup software through performance and features, possibly based on those benchmarks, maybe based on this list from restic although they refused casync. benchmark articles are hard though, especially when you want to "cover them all"... I did write a silly Attic vs Bup back when those programs existed (2014), in a related note...
• ideas/cumin: review of the Cumin automation tool from WikiMedia Foundation... I ended up using the tool at work and writing service documentation for it
• ideas/future-of-distros: modern packaging problems and complex apps, starting from this discussion about the removal of Dolibarr from Debian, a summary of the thread from liw, and ideas from joeyh (now from the outside of Debian), then debates over the power of FTP masters - ugh, glad I didn't step in that rat's nest
• ideas/on-dying: "what happens when a hacker dies?" rather grim subject, but a more and more important one... joeyh has ideas again, phk as well, then there's a protocol for dying (really grim)... then there are site policies like GitHub, Facebook, etc... more in the branch, but that one I can't help but think about now that family has taken a bigger place in my life...
• ideas/openpgp-discovery: OpenPGP discovery mechanisms (WKD, etc), suggested by Jonas Meurer (somewhere?), only links to Mailveloppe, LEAP, WKD (or is it WKS?), another standard, probably would need to talk about OpenPGP CA now and how Debian and Tor manage their keyrings... pain in the back.
• ideas/password-bench: bruteforce estimates for various password patterns compared with RSA key sizes, spinoff of my smartcard article, in the crypto-bench, look at this shiny graph, surely that must mean an article, right?
• ideas/prometheus-openmetrics: "Evolving the Prometheus exposition format into a standard", seems like this happened
• ideas/telling-time: telling time to users is hard. xclock vs ttyclock, etc. maybe gameclock and undertime as well? syncing time is hard, but it turns out showing it is non trivial as well... basically turning this bug report into an article. for some reason I linked to this meme, derived from this meme, presumably a premonition of my stupid idea of writing undertime TIMEZONES!
• ideas/wallabako: "talk about wallabako, read-it-later + kobo hacking", that's it, not even a link to the project!

A lot of those branches were actually just an empty commit, with the commitlog being the "pitch", more or less. I'd send that list to my editors, sometimes with a few more links (basically the above), and they would nudge me one way or the other. Sometimes they would actively discourage me to write about something, and I would do it anyways, send them a draft, and they would patiently make me rewrite it until it was a decent article. This was especially hard with the terminal emulator series, which took forever to write and even got my editors upset when they realized I had never installed Fedora (I ended up installing it, and I was proven wrong!)

Stalled Oh, and then there's those: those are either "ideas" or "backlog" that got so far behind that I just moved them out of the way because I was tired of seeing them in my list.

• stalled/bench-bench-bench benchmarking http benchmarking tools, a horrible mess of links, copy-paste from terminals, and ideas about benchmarking... some of this trickled out into this benchmarking guide at Tor, but not much more than the list of tools
• stalled/debian-survey-democracy: "free software surveys and Debian democracy, volunteer vs paid work"... A long standing concern of mine is that all Debian work is supposed to be volunteer, and paying explicitly for work inside Debian has traditionally been frowned upon, even leading to serious drama and dissent (remember Dunc-Tank)? back when I was writing for LWN, I was also doing paid work for Debian LTS. I also learned that a lot (most?) Debian Developers were actually being paid by their job to work on Debian. So I was confused by this apparent contradiction, especially given how the LTS project has been mostly accepted, while Dunc-Tank was not... See also this talk at Debconf 16. I had hopes that this study would show the "hunch" people have offered (that most DDs are paid to work on Debian) but it seems to show the reverse (only 36% of DDs, and 18% of all respondents paid). So I am still confused and worried about the sustainability of Debian.

What do you think? So that's all I got. As people might have noticed here, I have much less time to write these days, but if there's any subject in there I should pick, what is the one that you would find most interesting? Oh! and I should mention that you can write to LWN! If you think people should know more about some Linux thing, you can get paid to write for it! Pitch it to the editors, they won't bite. The worst that can happen is that they say "yes" and there goes two years of your life learning to write. Because no, you don't know how to write, no one does. You need an editor to write. That's why this article looks like crap and has a smiley.

wget -O /usr/local/hpePublicKey2048_key1.pub https://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/hpePublicKey2048_key1.pub
echo "# HP RAID" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/local/hpePublicKey2048_key1.pub] http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/downloads/MCP/Debian/ buster/current non-free" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

# list controllers and show slot numbers
ssacli controller all show
# list arrays on controller identified by slot and give array IDs
ssacli controller slot=0 array all show
# show details of one array
ssacli controller slot=0 array A show
# show all disks on one controller
ssacli controller slot=0 physicaldrive all show
# show config of a controller, this gives RAID level etc
ssacli controller slot=0 show config
# delete array B (you can immediately pull the disks from it)
ssacli controller slot=0 array B delete
# create an array type RAID0 with specified drives, do this with one drive per array for BTRFS/ZFS
ssacli controller slot=0 create type=arrayr0 drives=1I:1:1

• [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ProLiant
• [2] http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/faq.html
• [3] http://downloads.linux.hpe.com/SDR/project/fwpp/

UK Railways

How Privatization Fails : Railways

The Above video is by a gentleman called Shaun who basically shared that privatization as far as UK is concerned is nothing but monopolies and while there are complex reasons for the same, the design of the Railways is such that it will always be a monopoly structure. At the most what you can do is have several monopolies but that is all that can happen. The idea of competition just cannot happen. Even the idea that subsidies will be less or/and trains will run on time is far from fact. Both of these facts have been checked and found to be truthful by fullfact.org. It is and argued that UK is small and perhaps it doesn t have the right conditions. It is probably true but still we do deserve to have a glance at the UK railway map.

UK railway map with operators

The above map is copyrighted to Map Marketing where you could see it today . As can be seen above most companies had their own specified areas. Now if you had looked at the facts then you would have seen that UK fares have been higher. In fact, an oldish article from Metro (a UK publication) shares the same. In fact, UK nationalized its railways effectively as many large rail operators were running in red. Even Scotland is set to nationalised back in March 2022. Remember this is a country which hasn t seen inflation go upwards of 5% in nearly a decade. The only outlier was 2011 where they indeed breached the 5% mark. So from this, what we see is Private Gains and Private Gains Public Losses perhaps seem fit. But then maybe we didn t use the right example. Perhaps Japan would be better. They have bullet trains while UK is still thinking about it. (HS2).

Japanese Railway Below is the map of Japanese Railway

Railway map of Japan with private ownership courtesy Wikimedia commons

Japan started privatizing its railway in 1987 and to date it has not been fully privatized. And on top of it, amount as much as 24 trillion of the long-term JNR debt was shouldered by the government at the expense of taxpayers of Japan while also reducing almost 1/4th of it employees. To add to it, while some parts of Japanese Railways did make profits, many of them made profits by doing large-scale non-railway business mostly real estate of land adjacent to railway stations. In many cases, it seems this went all the way up to 60% of the revenue. The most profitable has been the Shinkansen though. And while it has been profitable, it has not been without safety scandals over the years, the biggest in recent years was the 2005 Amagasaki derailment. What was interesting to me was the Aftermath, while the Wikipedia page doesn t share much, I had read at the time and probably could be found how a lot of ordinary people stood up to the companies in a country where it is a known fact that most companies are owned by the Yakuza. And this is a country where people are loyal to their corporation or company no matter what. It is a strange culture to west and also here in India where people change jobs on drop of hat, although nowadays we have record unemployment. So perhaps Japan too does not meet our standard as it doesn t do competition with each other but each is a set monopoly in those regions. Also how much subsidy is there or not is not really transparent.

U.S. Railways Last, but not the least I share the U.S. Railway map. This is provided by A Mr. Tom Alison on reddit on channel maporn. As the thread itself is archived and I do not know the gentleman concerned, nor have taken permission for the map, hence sharing the compressed version

U.S. Railway lines with the different owners

Now the U.S. Railways is and has always been peculiar as unlike the above two the U.S. has always been more of a freight network. Probably, much of it has to do that in the 1960 s when oil was cheap, the U.S. made zillions of roadways and romanticized the road trip and has been doing it ever since. Also the creation of low-cost airlines definitely didn t help the railways to have more passenger services, in fact the opposite. There are and have been smaller services and attempts of privatization in both New Zealand and Australia and both have been failures. Please see papers in that regard. My simple point is this, as can be seen above, there have been various attempts at privatization of railways and most of them have been a mixed bag. The only one which comes close to what we think as good is Japanese but that also used a lot of public debt which we don t know what will happen on next. Also for higher-speed train services like a bullet train or whatever, you need to direct, no hair pen bends. In fact, a good talk on the topic is the TBD podcast which while it talks about hyperloop, the same questions is and would be asked if were to do in India. Another thing to be kept in mind is that the Japanese have been exceptional builders and this is because they have been forced to. They live in a seismically active zone which made Fukushima disaster a reality but at the same time, their buildings are earthquake-resistant. Standard Disclaimer The above is a simplified version of things. I could have added in financial accounts but that again has no set pattern. For e.g. some Railways use accrual, some use cash and some use hybrid. I could have also shared in either the guage or electrification but all have slightly different standards, although uniguage is something that all Railways aspire for and electrification is again something that all Railways want although in many cases it just isn t economically feasible.

Indian Railways Indian Railways itself recently made the move from Cash to Accrual couple of years back. In-between for a couple of years, it was hybrid. The sad part is and was you can now never measure against past performance in the old way because it is so different. Hence, whether the Railways will be making a loss or a profit, we would come to know only much later. Also, most accountants don t know the new system well, so it is gonna take more time, how much unknown. Sadly, what GOI did a few years back is merge the Railway budget into the Union Budget. Of course, the excuse they gave is too many pressures of new trains, while the truth is, by doing this, they decreased transparency about the whole thing. For e.g. for the last few years, the only state which had significant work being done is in U.P. (Uttar Pradesh) and a bit in Goa, although that is has been protested time and again. I being from the neighborly state of Maharashtra , and have been there several times. Now it does feels all like a dream, going to Goa :(.

Covid news Now before I jump on the news, I should share the movie Virus (2019) which was made by the talented Aashiq Abu. Even though, am not a Malayalee, I still have enjoyed many of his movies simply because he is a terrific director and Malayalam movies, at least most of them have English subtitles and lot of original content.. Interestingly, unlike the first couple of times when I saw it a couple of years back. The first time I saw it, I couldn t sleep a wink for a week. Even the next time, it was heavy. I had shared the movie with mum, and even she couldn t see it in one go. It is and was that powerful Now maybe because we are headlong in the pandemic, and the madness is all around us. There are two terms that helped me though understand a great deal of what is happening in the movie, the first term was altered sensorium which has been defined here. The other is saturation or to be more precise oxygen saturation . This term has also entered the Indian twitter lexicon quite a bit as India has started running out of oxygen. Just today Delhi High Court did an emergency hearing on the subject late at night. Although there is much to share about the mismanagement of the center, the best piece on the subject has been by Miss Priya Ramani. Yup, the same lady who has won against M.J. Akbar and this is when Mr. Akbar had 100 lawyers for this specific case. It would be interesting to see what happens ahead. There are however few things even she forgot in her piece, For e.g. reverse migration i.e. from urban to rural migration started again. Two articles from different entities sharing a similar outlook.Sadly, the right have no empathy or feeling for either the poor or the sick. Even the labor minister Santosh Gangwar s statement that around 1.04 crores were the only people who walked back home. While there is not much data, however some work/research has been done on migration to cites that the number could be easily 10 times as much. And this was in the lockdown of last year. This year, again the same issue has re-surfaced and migrants learning lessons started leaving cities. And I m ashamed to say I think they are doing the right thing. Most State Governments have not learned lessons nor have they done any work to earn the trust of migrants. This is true of almost all state Governments. Last year, just before the lockdown was announced, me and my friend spent almost 30k getting a cab all the way from Chennai to Pune, how much we paid for the cab, how much we bribed the various people just so we could cross the state borders to return home to our anxious families. Thankfully, unlike the migrants, we were better off although we did make a loss. I probably wouldn t be alive if I were in their situation as many didn t. That number is still in the air undocumented deaths Vaccine issues Currently, though the issue has been the Vaccine and the pricing of the same. A good article to get a summation of the issues outlined has been shared on Economist. Another article that goes to the heart of the issue is at scroll. To buttress the argument, the SII chairman had shared this few weeks back

Adar Poonawala talking to Vishnu Som on Left, right center, 7th April 2021.

So, a licensee manufacturer wants to make super-profits during the pandemic. And now, as shared above they can very easily do it. Even the quotes given to nearby countries is smaller than the quotes given to Indian states

Prices of AstraZeneca among various states and countries.

The situation around beds, vaccines, oxygen, anything is so dire that people could go to any lengths to save their loved ones. Even if they know if a certain medicine doesn t work. For e.g. Remdesivir, 5 WHO trials have concluded that it doesn t increase mortality. Heck, even AIIMS chief said the same. But both doctors and relatives desperation to cling on hope has made Remdesivir as a black market drug with unoffical prices hovering anywhere between INR 14k/- to INR30k/- per vial. One of the executives of a top firm was also arrested in Gujarat. In Maharashtra, the opposition M.P. came to the rescue of the officials of Bruick pharms in Mumbai. Sadly, this strange affliction to the party in the center is also there in my extended family. At one end, they will heap praise on Mr. Modi, at the same time they can t get wait to get fast out of India. Many of them have settled in horrors of horror Dubai, as it is the best place to do business, get international schools for the young ones at decent prices, cheaper or maybe a tad more than what they paid in Delhi or elsewhere. Being an Agarwal or a Gupta makes it easier to compartmentalize both things. Ease of doing business, 5 days flat to get a business registered, up and running. And the paranoia is still there. They won t talk on the phone about him because they are afraid they may say something which comes back to bite them. As far as their decision to migrate, can t really blame them. If I were 20-25 yeas younger and my mum were in a better shape than she is, we probably would have migrated as well, although would have preferred Europe than anywhere else.

Internet Freedom and Aarogya Setu App.

Internet Freedom had shared the chilling effects of the Aarogya Setu App. This had also been shared by FSCI in the past, and recently had their handle being banned on Twitter. This was also apparent in a legal bail order which the high court judge gave. While I won t go into the merits and demerits of the bail order, it is astounding for the judge to say that the accused, even though he would be on bail install an app. so he can be surveilled. And this is a high court judge, such a sad state of affairs. We seem to be putting up new lows every day when it comes to judicial jurisprudence. One interesting aspect of the whole case was shared by Aishwarya Iyer. She shared a story that she and her team worked on quint which raises questions on the quality of the work done by Delhi Police. This is of course, up to Delhi Police to ascertain the truth of the matter because unless and until they are able to tie in the PMO s office in for a leak or POTUS s office it hardly seems possible. For e.g. the dates when two heads of state can meet each other would be decided by the secretaries of the two. Once the date is known, it would be shared with the press while at the same time some sort of security apparatus would kick in place. It is incumbent, especially on the host to take as much care as he can of the guest. We all remember that World War 1 (the war to end all wars) started due to the murder of Archduke Ferdinand.

As nobody wants that, the best way is to make sure that a political murder doesn t happen on your watch. Now while I won t comment on what it would be, it would be safe to assume that it would be z+ security along with higher readiness. Especially if it as somebody as important as POTUS. Now, it would be quite a reach for Delhi Police to connect the two dates. They either will have to get creative with the dates or some other way. Otherwise, with practically no knowledge in the public domain, they can t work in limbo. In either case, I do hope the case comes up for hearing soon and we see what the Delhi Police says and contends in the High Court about the same. At the very least, it would be irritating for them to talk of the dates unless they can contend some mass conspiracy which involves the PMO (and would bring into question the constant vetting done by the Intelligence dept. of all those who work in PMO). And this whole case is to kind of shelter to the Delhi riots which happened in which majorly the Muslims died but their deaths lay unaccounted till date

Conclusion In Conclusion, I would like to share a bit of humor because right now the atmosphere is humorless, both with authoritarian tendencies of the Central Govt. and the mass mismanagement of public health which they now have left to the state to do as they fit. The peice I am sharing is from arre, one of my goto sites whenever I feel low.

• Supporting a new game, that Otter doesn t know about yet, would usually not involve writing or modifying any computer programs.
• If Otter already has the necessary game elements (cards, say) all you need to do is write a spec file saying what should be on the table at the start of the game. For example, most Whist variants that start with a standard pack of 52 cards are already playable.
• You can play games where the rules change as the game goes along, or are made up by the players, or are too complicated to write as a computer program.
• House rules are no problem, since the computer isn t enforcing the rules - you and your friends are.
• Everyone can interact with different items on the game table, at any time. (Otter doesn t know about your game s turn-taking, so doesn t know whose turn it might be.)

#!/bin/bash
mkdir -p $ DESTDIR /etc/keys
cp /etc/keys/* $ DESTDIR /etc/keys

#!/bin/sh
GENKEY=ima.genkey
cat << __EOF__ >$GENKEY
[ req ]
default_bits = 1024
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
prompt = no
string_mask = utf8only
x509_extensions = v3_usr
[ req_distinguished_name ]
O =  hostname 
CN =  whoami  signing key
emailAddress =  whoami @ hostname 
[ v3_usr ]
basicConstraints=critical,CA:FALSE
#basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
keyUsage=digitalSignature
#keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
subjectKeyIdentifier=hash
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid
#authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
__EOF__
openssl req -new -nodes -utf8 -sha1 -days 365 -batch -config $GENKEY \
                -out csr_ima.pem -keyout privkey_ima.pem
openssl x509 -req -in csr_ima.pem -days 365 -extfile $GENKEY -extensions v3_usr \
                -CA ~/kern/linux-5.11.14/certs/signing_key.pem -CAkey ~/kern/linux-5.11.14/certs/signing_key.pem -CAcreateserial \
                -outform DER -out x509_evm.der

[    1.050321] integrity: Loading X.509 certificate: /etc/keys/x509_evm.der
[    1.092560] integrity: Loaded X.509 cert 'xev: etbe signing key: 99d4fa9051e2c178017180df5fcc6e5dbd8bb606'

[    1.049170] integrity: Loading X.509 certificate: /etc/keys/x509_ima.der
[    1.093092] integrity: Problem loading X.509 certificate -126

[    1.074759] integrity: Unable to open file: /etc/keys/x509_evm.der (-2)

• [1] https://sourceforge.net/p/linux-ima/wiki/Home/
• [2] https://tinyurl.com/yfvhqdjr
• [3] https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:Ima_evm

I am arranging to take a cottage at Wallington near Baldock in Herts, rather a pig in a poke because I have never seen it, but I am trusting the friends who have chosen it for me, and it is very cheap, only 7s. 6d. a week [ 20 in 2021].

The red commemorative plaque not only limits Orwell's tenure to the time he was permanently in the village, it omits all reference to his first wife, Eileen O'Shaughnessy, whom he married in the village church in 1936.

Wallington's Manor Farm, the inspiration for the farm in Animal Farm. The lower sign enjoins the public to inform the police "if you see anyone on the [church] roof acting suspiciously". Non-UK-residents may be surprised to learn about the systematic theft of lead.

• I built a clock-circuit.
• I wired up a Z80 processor to the clock.
• I got the thing running an endless stream of NOP instructions.
  • No RAM/ROM connected, tying all the bus-lines low, meaning every attempted memory-read returned 0x00 which is the Z80 NOP instruction.

• It must run CP/M.
• The source-code to "everything" must be available.
• I want it to run standalone, and connect to a host via a serial-port.

• A z80-assembler on my Linux desktop to build simple binaries.
• An installation of Turbo Pascal 3.00A on the system itself.
  • I used this to build some simple utilities.
  • There's a good overview of using turbopascal here which covers how to use/quit the editor, compile binaries, etc.
• An installation of FORTH on the system itself.
  • Which is nice.
• A couple of simple games compiled from Pascal
  • Snake, Tetris, etc.
• The Zork trilogy installed, along with Hitchhikers guide.

• Add command-line history (page-up/page-down) for the CP/M command-processor.
• Add paging to TYPE, and allow terminating with Q.

  B>LOCATE H*.COM
  P:HELLO   COM
  P:HELLO2  COM
  G:HITCH   COM
  E:HYPHEN  COM

• My fork
• The original

qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel arch/x86/boot/bzImage -initrd ../initrd-$KERN_VER -curses -m 2000 -append "root=/dev/vda ro nokaslr" -gdb tcp::1200

$ restic check
using temporary cache in /var/tmp/restic-tmp/restic-check-cache-854484247
repository b0b0516c opened successfully, password is correct
created new cache in /var/tmp/restic-tmp/restic-check-cache-854484247
create exclusive lock for repository
load indexes
check all packs
check snapshots, trees and blobs
error for tree 4645312b:
  decrypting blob 4645312b443338d57295550f2f4c135c34bda7b17865c4153c9b99d634ae641c failed: ciphertext verification failed
error for tree 2c3248ce:
  decrypting blob 2c3248ce5dc7a4bc77f03f7475936041b6b03e0202439154a249cd28ef4018b6 failed: ciphertext verification failed
Fatal: repository contains errors

$ restic find --tree 4645312b
repository b0b0516c opened successfully, password is correct
Found tree 4645312b443338d57295550f2f4c135c34bda7b17865c4153c9b99d634ae641c
 ... path /usr/include/boost/spirit/home/support/auxiliary
 ... in snapshot 41e138c8 (2021-01-31 08:35:16)
Found tree 4645312b443338d57295550f2f4c135c34bda7b17865c4153c9b99d634ae641c
 ... path /usr/include/boost/spirit/home/support/auxiliary
 ... in snapshot e75876ed (2021-02-28 08:35:29)
$ restic find --tree 2c3248ce
repository b0b0516c opened successfully, password is correct
Found tree 2c3248ce5dc7a4bc77f03f7475936041b6b03e0202439154a249cd28ef4018b6
 ... path /usr/include/boost/spirit/home/support/char_encoding
 ... in snapshot 41e138c8 (2021-01-31 08:35:16)
Found tree 2c3248ce5dc7a4bc77f03f7475936041b6b03e0202439154a249cd28ef4018b6
 ... path /usr/include/boost/spirit/home/support/char_encoding
 ... in snapshot e75876ed (2021-02-28 08:35:29)

$ restic forget 41e138c8 e75876ed
repository b0b0516c opened successfully, password is correct
[0:00] 100.00%  2 / 2 files deleted
$ restic prune 
repository b0b0516c opened successfully, password is correct
counting files in repo
building new index for repo
[13:23] 100.00%  58964 / 58964 packs
repository contains 58964 packs (1417910 blobs) with 278.913 GiB
processed 1417910 blobs: 0 duplicate blobs, 0 B duplicate
load all snapshots
find data that is still in use for 20 snapshots
[1:15] 100.00%  20 / 20 snapshots
found 1364852 of 1417910 data blobs still in use, removing 53058 blobs
will remove 0 invalid files
will delete 942 packs and rewrite 1358 packs, this frees 6.741 GiB
[10:50] 31.96%  434 / 1358 packs rewritten
hash does not match id: want 9ec955794534be06356655cfee6abe73cb181f88bb86b0cd769cf8699f9f9e57, got 95d90aa48ffb18e6d149731a8542acd6eb0e4c26449a4d4c8266009697fd1904
github.com/restic/restic/internal/repository.Repack
    github.com/restic/restic/internal/repository/repack.go:37
main.pruneRepository
    github.com/restic/restic/cmd/restic/cmd_prune.go:242
main.runPrune
    github.com/restic/restic/cmd/restic/cmd_prune.go:62
main.glob..func19
    github.com/restic/restic/cmd/restic/cmd_prune.go:27
github.com/spf13/cobra.(*Command).execute
    github.com/spf13/cobra/command.go:852
github.com/spf13/cobra.(*Command).ExecuteC
    github.com/spf13/cobra/command.go:960
github.com/spf13/cobra.(*Command).Execute
    github.com/spf13/cobra/command.go:897
main.main
    github.com/restic/restic/cmd/restic/main.go:98
runtime.main
    runtime/proc.go:204
runtime.goexit
    runtime/asm_amd64.s:1374

$ restic find --pack 9ec955794534be06356655cfee6abe73cb181f88bb86b0cd769cf8699f9f9e57

$ restic forget 031ab8f1 1672a9e1 1f23fb5b 2c58ea3a 331c7231 5e0e1936 735c6744 94f74bdb b11df023 dfa17ba8 e3f78133 eefbd0b0 fe88aeb5 
repository b0b0516c opened successfully, password is correct
[0:00] 100.00%  13 / 13 files deleted
$ restic prune
repository b0b0516c opened successfully, password is correct
counting files in repo
building new index for repo
[13:37] 100.00%  60020 / 60020 packs
repository contains 60020 packs (1548315 blobs) with 283.466 GiB
processed 1548315 blobs: 129812 duplicate blobs, 4.331 GiB duplicate
load all snapshots
find data that is still in use for 8 snapshots
[0:53] 100.00%  8 / 8 snapshots
found 1219895 of 1548315 data blobs still in use, removing 328420 blobs
will remove 0 invalid files
will delete 6232 packs and rewrite 1275 packs, this frees 36.302 GiB
[23:37] 100.00%  1275 / 1275 packs rewritten
counting files in repo
[11:45] 100.00%  52822 / 52822 packs
finding old index files
saved new indexes as [a31b0fc3 9f5aa9b5 db19be6f 4fd9f1d8 941e710b 528489d9 fb46b04a 6662cd78 4b3f5aad 0f6f3e07 26ae96b2 2de7b89f 78222bea 47e1a063 5abf5c2d d4b1d1c3 f8616415 3b0ebbaa]
remove 23 old index files
[0:00] 100.00%  23 / 23 files deleted
remove 7507 old packs
[0:08] 100.00%  7507 / 7507 files deleted
done

$ restic check
using temporary cache in /var/tmp/restic-tmp/restic-check-cache-407999210
repository b0b0516c opened successfully, password is correct
created new cache in /var/tmp/restic-tmp/restic-check-cache-407999210
create exclusive lock for repository
load indexes
check all packs
check snapshots, trees and blobs
no errors were found

• [1] https://etbe.coker.com.au/2020/06/19/storage-trends/
• [2] https://www.anandtech.com/show/16544/seagates-roadmap-120-tb-hdds

The Debian Janitor is an automated system that commits fixes for (minor) issues in Debian packages that can be fixed by software. It gradually started proposing merges in early December. The first set of changes sent out ran lintian-brush on sid packages maintained in Git. This post is part of a series about the progress of the Janitor. The upstream ontologist is a project that extracts metadata about upstream projects in a consistent format. It does this with a combination of heuristics and reading ecosystem-specific metadata files, such as Python s setup.py, rust s Cargo.toml as well as e.g. scanning README files.

 % guess-upstream-metadata
 <string>:2: (INFO/1) Duplicate implicit target name: "contributing".
 Name: dulwich
 Repository: https://www.dulwich.io/code/
 X-Security-MD: https://github.com/dulwich/dulwich/tree/HEAD/SECURITY.md
 X-Version: 0.20.21
 Bug-Database: https://github.com/dulwich/dulwich/issues
 X-Summary: Python Git Library
 X-Description:  
   This is the Dulwich project.
   It aims to provide an interface to git repos (both local and remote) that
   doesn't call out to git directly but instead uses pure Python.
 X-License: Apache License, version 2 or GNU General Public License, version 2 or later.
 Bug-Submit: https://github.com/dulwich/dulwich/issues/new